高中英语北师大版Unit18Beauty unit18sectionⅱ

SectionⅡWarm­up&WhatIsBeauty？—Languagepoints(教材P135)Forme，she'ssuperior．Ireallyadoreher.对我来说，她是非常优秀的。我真的很喜欢她。(1)superioradj.更高的，上级的，更强的；优质的；有优越感的n.上级，长官(1)besuperiorto... 比……优越，不屈服于……besuperiorin... 在……方面优质的/上乘的(2)inferioradj. 次等的，较差的beinferiorto... 地位低于……，比……差①Thismodelof4Gmobilephoneisfarsuperiortoanyothers.这款4G手机比其他的强多了。②Acheapercameraisnotalwaysinferiortoamoreexpensiveone.廉价照相机的质量不总比贵的差。(2)adorevt.非常喜欢，深爱；敬爱adoresth. 因某事而敬爱某人adoredoingsth. 喜欢做某事③ThestudentsadoreMissLiXiumeiforherteachingwell.学生们因为李秀梅老师教学教得好而敬重她。④Myfatheradoresplaying(play)theguitarafterwork.下班后我爸爸喜欢弹吉他。consistentadj.一致的，始终如一的；持续的，连续的(教材P34)．..shewasstatingthattherewasnoconsistentviewonbeauty.……她陈述说在美的方面上没有统一的观点。(1)beconsistentwith 与……相一致或吻合beconsistentin 在……方面前后一致(2)consistvi. 由……组成；相符consistof＝bemadeupof 由……组成(3)consistentlyadv. 一致地，始终如一地①Theevidenceisnotconsistentwithwhatyousaidearlier.这项证据与你先前所说的不一致。②Wemustbeconsistentinapplyingtherules.我们在实施这些规则时必须保持一致。③Waterissaidtoconsistofoxygenandhydrogen.据说水是氢和氧的化合物。commitmentn．责任，义务；承诺；许诺；献身；投入；已承诺的事(与介词to连用)(教材P34)Life­longcommitmentand，indeed，thesurvivalofsocietyitselfrelyonpeopleseeingbeautyindifferenceanddepth.人们毕生的奉献，甚至社会自身的存亡都取决于每个个体对美的不同层面的认识。(1)makeacommitmentto(doing)sth. 承诺(做)某事(2)commitvt. 做出；犯；承诺，保证commitsb./oneselfto(doing)sth. 使某人/自己承诺(做)某事；献身于(做)某事commitacrime/mistake/suicide 犯罪/犯错/自杀commitsth. 向某人承诺某事(3)committedadj. 坚定的；尽心尽力的becommittedto(doing)sth. 支持/献身于(做)某事①Ourcountrymadeacommitmenttopaying$50，000toRedCross.我们国家承诺向红十字会提供50000美元。②Hecommittedthecrimewhenhewasdrunk.他喝醉时犯下此罪。③Ididn'tcommitmyself(me)toanyhelptothem.我没有向他们承诺任何帮助。④Borrowersshouldthinkcarefullybeforecommittingthemselvestotaking(take)outaloan.借款人应当慎重考虑之后再行借贷。dieout完全消失，灭绝(教材P34)Thehumanracewouldsoondieoutifwecouldonlyseebeautywithinasetoflimitedcriteria.如果我们只能够用一套有限的标准来衡量美，人类不久将灭绝。(1)dieoff (家族、种族等)相继死亡；(草木)先后枯死dieaway (声音、光线、风等)渐弱，渐息，平息diedown (火、光线、兴奋、暴风雨等)渐弱，渐息；(声音)静下来(2)dieof 指死于疾病、衰老、饥饿、悲伤等diefrom 指由于外伤、外界原因、粗心、不注意、劳累过度等而死(3)bedyingtodosth. 极想做某事①Shewaiteduntilthefootstepshaddiedaway.她一直等到脚步声渐渐消失。②Whenhisexcitementhaddieddownhebegantothinkdeeply.兴奋过后他开始深思。【导学号：96750027】③Thebambooforestburstintoflowersandthendiedoff．竹林突然开花，然后一株一株死去。accompanyvt.伴随，陪同；为……伴奏(教材P34)Physicalbeautymustalsobeaccompaniedbyanattractiontosomethingdeeperwithinaperson.身体上的美必须有人的内在美相伴。accompanywithsth. 伴随某事发生accompany...(to为介词) 陪同某人到……beaccompaniedbysb. 在某人的陪同下accompanyonsth. 在某事上给某人伴奏①Thediseaseisaccompaniedwith/bysneezingandfever.这种病伴有打喷嚏和发烧症状。②LiuQianaskedLangLangtoaccompanyhimat/onthepiano.刘谦邀请郎朗为他钢琴伴奏。③IfI'mfree，I'llaccompanyyoutothesupermarket.如果我有空，我将陪伴你去超市。rangen．(数、量、年龄等的)变化范围；等级；类别；范围；山脉，界限；射程v.(在一定范围内)变动，变化；排列(教材P34)Thisparticularkindofattractionisfoundinawiderangeofpersonalqualities...这种特别的吸引力广泛地存在于人的品质上面……(1)awide/fullrangeof 一系列；各种within/inrange(ofsth.) 在可及的范围内outofrange(ofsth.) 超出……的范围(2)rangefrom...to... 在……范围内变动；包括rangebetween...and... 在……和……范围内变动①Obamastressedthathewouldundergoarangeofreforms，especiallyinhealth­carereform.奥巴马强调他将推行一系列的改革，特别是医疗改革。②Thepriceofthehouseiswellbeyond/outofourrange.这所房子的价格远远超出我们能承受的范围。③Thechildren'sagesrangefrom5to15.这些孩子的年龄在5至15岁之间。[图形助记]morethan不仅仅；不只是(教材P34)Ittakesmorethanacasualglancetoappreciateanditismuchmoreimportantthanphysicalbeauty.内在的美并不仅仅是随便地看一眼就能欣赏的，它比外在的美更重要。morethan＋数词 超过……morethan＋形容词/动词 非常……morethan＋从句 超出(某人的力量、知识等)范围more...than... 比……更(多);与其说……不如说……①Whathedidmorethansurprisedme.他做的事使我非常吃惊。②ThebeautyofourcityismorethanIcandescribe.我难以用言语描绘我们城市的美。③Heismorecarefulthantheothers.他比其他人更仔细。④Therearemanymorepeoplethanweexpected.比我们想象的人要多得多。⑤Hearingthenews，Tomwasmoresurprisedthandisappointed.听到这个消息，汤姆与其说是失望，倒不如说是惊奇。commandn．[C]命令；指令；[U]指挥vt.&vi.命令；指挥；支配(教材P35)Heusedtobeageneralincommandofthearmy，butnowheisadoorkeeper.他过去是一个军队里的将军，但现在却是一位看门的人。(1)underone'scommand 处在……控制之下takecommandof 控制atsb.'scommand 服从某人的命令haveagoodcommandof 对……掌握得很好，精通……(2)commanddosth. 命令某人做某事commandthatsb.(should)dosth. 命令某人(应该)做某事①Whenthemajorwaskilled，thecaptaintookcommandofthecompany.少校阵亡后，上尉指挥全连。②HeissaidtohaveagoodcommandofEnglishandFrench.据说他精通英语和法语。③Icommandyoutostart(start)forthefrontatonce.我命令你立即动身到前线去。【导学号：96750028】④Hecommandedthatwe(should)completethetaskbeforedark.他命令我们天黑前完成任务。Ⅰ.语境填词1．Theapartmentconsists(consistent)oftworoomsandakitchen.2．Thegeneralcommandedhismentoattack(attack)thecity.3．Herefusedtocommithimself(he)onthesubject.4．Accompanied(accompany)bycheerfulmusic，thechildrenbegantodance.5．Bythinkingsmallandactingbig，wecancommitforashortperiodoftimeandputallourenergyintothatcommitment．(commitment)6．IclimbedthehilltobreathefreshwhenIgottothetop，Iwasbreathless．(breath)7．Acommandercangivecommandtoallthesoldiersinhisarmy.(command)8．Thewifetastedthesoupmadebyhishusbandandfoundittasteless．(taste)Ⅱ.选词填空inpreparationfor，fallinlovewith，relyon，dieout，undertheinfluenceof1．Nowthatyouaregrownup，youshouldnotrelyonyourparents.2．Istheelephantreallyindangerofdyingout?3．Itisnaturalthatheshouldfallinlovewithsuchabeautifulgirl.4．Neverletyourselfundertheinfluenceofothers'moods.【导学号：96750029】5．Hepackedhisbagsinpreparationforthejourney.Ⅲ.完成句子1．当今，许多旧风俗正在逐渐消失。Nowadays，manyoldcustomsaregraduallydyingout．2．我们听说你逃了出来，万分高兴！Weweremorethanhappytohearofyourescape!3．为了掌握英语，我们在学习英语上下苦功夫。WeworkhardatEnglishsoastohaveagoodcommandofit．4．几乎没有别的什么产品在质量上优于我们。Thereispracticallynootherproductsuperiortooursinqualify.(教材P34)Itishardtoimaginethattheywouldbeseenasattractiveinthe21stcentury.在21世纪，很难想象他们会被认为是迷人的。【句式分析】本句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是toimagine...。“Itis＋adj.＋todosth.”句式中，it为形式主语，真正的主语为其后的不定式短语todo...。形式主语it还可代替动名词或名词性从句。①It'snouseregrettingwhatyouhavedone.后悔你做过的事是没有用的。②Itisdifficulttosolve(solve)theprojectproblem.解决这个项目问题太难了。③Itispossiblethatweworkoutthemathproblem.我们算出这道数学题是可能的。(教材P34)Inothercultures，lookingthinforahusband­to­beisnotwhatawomandesiresatall—rather，lookingalittleoverweightisconsideredmoreattractive.在其他文化中，女人根本不想在未来丈夫眼中显得苗条，而身材稍微丰满才更加迷人。【句式分析】whatawomandesiresatall是what引导的表语从句，what在表语从句中作动词desire的宾语。what除可引导表语从句外，还可引导主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。①Whathehastoldusisofgreatimportance.(主语从句)他告诉我们的至关重要。②We'vedonewhatwecantohelphim.(宾语从句)我们已经尽力帮助了他。③Thequestionwhatmakesthematterworsehasbeenpuzzlingme.(同位语从句)什么使情况更糟的问题一直在困扰着我。完成句子1．在这两种意见之间抉择是困难的。Itisdifficulttodecidebetweenthetwoopinions.2．这是她想让我们看的东西。Thisiswhatshewantedtoshowus．3．老师所说的话对孩子们有很好的作用。Whattheteachersaidhadagoodeffectonthechildren.Traditionsandfashions，likesocietyitself，changeandadaptwithtime，soitisreasonablethatourideasofbeautychangeaswell.【分析】本句是一个主从复合句，so引导一个结果状语从句，在这个从句中使用了“Itis＋adj.＋that从句”结构，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句。【翻译】正如社会本身，传统和时尚是在变化的，是与时代同步的，因此我们对美的认识会变化也是理所当然的。usedto和would阅读下列句子并体会黑体部分的用法1．In19th­centuryEurope，womenusedtowearcorsetstoachieveabodyshape...2．Menwouldwearwoollenshawlsacrosstheirshoulders.3．WeusedtoliveinacrowdedflatinNewYork.4．Iusedto/wouldbuysweetsthesizeofgolfballs.5．Didyouusetoplaychessalotwhenyouwereakid?一、usedto和would的相同点1．would与usedto都可用来表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作，常常可以换用。Whenwewereboysweusedto/wouldgoswimmingeverysummer.小时候，每到夏天我们都要去游泳。WhenIwasyoungIusedto/wouldgetupearly.我年轻时经常早起。2．would与usedto都不能用来表示动作发生的具体频度或具体的一段时间。eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(Iwould/usedtogotoFrancesixtimes.（×）,IwenttoFrancesixtimes.（√）))我去过法国六次。eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(Heusedto/wouldliveinAfricafortwentyyears.（×）,HelivedinAfricafortwentyyears.（√）))他在非洲住过二十年。[名师点津]usedto的否定式和疑问式否定式usednot/usedn'ttodidnot/didn'tuseto疑问式Used/Usedn't...？Did/Didn'tto...？Youdidn'tusetoeatoutwhenyouwereyounger.你前些年不常出去吃饭的。Youusednottotalkmuchlikethis.你以前不是这么健谈的。二、usedto和would的不同点1．usedto指过去的动作或状态，would则只能指过去的动作。Yet，hecannotbutrememberChinaasitusedtobe.然而，他不会不记得旧日的中国。2．would表示过去反复发生的动作。如果某一动作没有反复性，就不能用would，只能用usedto。Andfromthatdayon，assoonasthetablewasclearedandthedishesweregone，motherwoulddisappearintohersewingroomtopractice.从那天起，只要碗盘撤掉、饭桌清理干净，妈妈就马上躲进做针线活的房间练习起来。(具有反复性)Mygrandfatherusedtoliveinasmallvillage.(没有反复性)我爷爷过去住在一个小村庄里。3．usedto表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作或状态，现在已经结束，would则表示有可能再发生。Iusedtogotothepark，butnowInolongerdoso.过去我经常去公园，但现在不去了。Hewouldgototheparkassoonashewasfree.过去他一有空就去公园。4．下列三种情况要用usedto，不用would：①强调与现在的对比；②在故事的开头；③在与be，stay，belong，live，like，think，know等状态动词连用。Hedoesn'tworkhardasheusedto.他不像以前那样努力了。Theyusedtolivehere，didn'tthey?他们以前住在这里，是不是？5．下列三种情况要用would，不能用usedto。①表示过去的意志或意愿；②表示用委婉的语气提出建议、请求等；③用在虚拟语气中。IpromisedthatIwoulddomybest.我答应会尽我所能。Iwouldliketohaveatry.我想试一试。Ifyouhadcomeearlier，youwouldhaveseenhim.如果你早来一点，你就能见到他了。用would或usedto填空1．Whenworkinginthesameoffice，weusedto/wouldhavecoffeetogether.2．Whenhewasyoung，hewouldsleeplateonSundays，justashedoesnow.3．Whenshewassad，shewould/usedtositinfrontofthatmirrordoingnothing.4．Shedoesn'twritesooftentoherfamilyassheusedto.【导学号：96750030】5．Theyusedtolivenearthemountain.学业分层测评(九)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Whatcanwedotopreventthediseasespreading?2．Allsecretpowersofnatureareatyourcommand.3．Theemperorcaresmorefornewclothesthanforanythingelse.4．Childrenagedbelow10shouldbeaccompanied(accompany)byparents.5．Howwasyourtrip？I'mdying(die)tohearallaboutit.6．Shootassoonastheycomewithinrange.7．Thegirlwascommitted(commit)tothecareofanaunt.8．Whatyousaynowisnotconsistent(consist)withwhatyousaidlastweek.9．Headoresgoing(go)outwithfriendsandhasbegundiscoveringrestaurants，barsandclubs.10．Theenemyforcesweresuperiorinnumbers.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Therelationbetweenteacherandpupilisnotwhatitusedto.________________________________________________________________________2．Heinventedageneratorsuperiorthananyoneinexistence.________________________________________________________________________3．Weadorehimwithhisintegrityandbrilliantdiplomaticaccomplishment.________________________________________________________________________4．Itisabeautifulhouse，consistsoffourroomsandabathroom.________________________________________________________________________5．Athinkingpersonmustcommithimselftoworkforpeace.________________________________________________________________________6．Theyoungmandiedofthecar'shitting.________________________________________________________________________7．Who'sgoingtoaccompanyhimbythepiano?________________________________________________________________________8．Theteachergaveacommandthatallthepupilsgatheredatonce.________________________________________________________________________9．IwonderwhichIcandoaboutimprovingmygrades.【导学号：96750045】________________________________________________________________________10．Allthetimelastyear，hewillsitthereforhourssometimesdoingnothingatall.________________________________________________________________________【答案】后面加be改为to改为for改为consisting改为working改为from改为on改为gather改为what改为wouldⅢ.阅读理解TheMostBeautifulHeartOnedayayoungmanwasstandinginthemiddleofthetownproclaimingthathehadthemostbeautifulheartinthewholelargecrowdgathered，andtheyalladmiredhisheartforitwaswasnotaflaw(瑕疵)init.Suddenly，anoldmanappearedandsaid，“Why，yourheartisnotnearlyasbeautifulasmine！”Thecrowdandtheyoungmanlookedattheoldman'swasfullofhadplaceswherepieceshadbeenremovedandotherpiecesputin，buttheydidn'tfitquiteright，andtherewereseveraljaggedfact，insomeplacesthereweredeepholeswherewholepiecesweremissing.Theyoungmanlaughed.“Comparingyourheartwithmine，mineisperfectandyoursisamessofscars.”“Yes，”saidtheoldman，“Yourslooksperfect，butIwouldnevertradewithsee，everyscarrepresentsapersontowhomIhavegivenmytearoutapieceofmyheartandgiveittothem，andoftentheygivemeapieceoftheirheartthatfitsintotheemptyplaceinmyheart.Butbecausethepiecesaren'texact，Ihavesomeroughedges，whichIcherish，becausetheyremindmeoftheloveweshared.SometimesIhavegivenpiecesofmyheartaway，buttheotherpersonhasn'treturnedapieceofhisorherhearttoaretheemptyholes—givingloveistakingachance.Althoughthesecutsarepainful，theystayopen，remindingmeoftheloveIhaveforthosepeopletoo，andIhopesomedaytheymayreturnandfillthespaceI'vebeennowdoyouseewhattruebeautyis？”Theyoungmanwalkeduptotheoldman，reachedintohisperfectheart，andrippedapieceofferedittotheoldman.Theoldmanplaceditinhisheart，thentookapiecefromhisoldscarredheartandplaceditinthewoundintheyoungman'sfit，butnotperfectly，asthereweresomejaggededges.Theyoungmanlookedathisheart，notperfectanymorebutmorebeautifulthanever，sincelovefromtheoldman'sheartflowedintohis.Theyembracedandwalkedawaysidebyside.Howsaditmustbetogothroughlifewithawholeuntouchedheart!【语篇解读】文章通过一个年轻人的完美的心和老人满是伤痕的心比较，让我们看到满是伤痕的心代表分享过爱，让我们知道真正的美丽是什么。1．Theyoungmanlaughedattheoldmaninthebeginningbecausehethought________．A．hisownheartwasperfectwhiletheoldman'suglyB．theoldmanwassillyenoughtomisunderstandhimC．youngpeopleshouldhaveamorebeautifulheartD．hecouldcommandinstantrespectfromthecrowd【解析】细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Comparingyourheartwithmine，mineisperfectandyoursisamessofscars.”可知A项正确。【答案】A2．Whywouldn'ttheoldmantradehisheartfortheyoungman's?A．Becausehehadexchangedhisheartwithsomebodyelse.B．Becausetheyoungmanrefusedtohelppeopleinneed.C．Becausehehadaheartfulloflovesharedwithothers.D．Becausetheyoungmanwastoovaintogainhistrust.【解析】推理判断题。由文章中间部分可知，老人的心尽管伤痕累累，但却充满与他人之间的爱，故C项正确。【答案】C3．Themissingpiecesintheoldman'sheartmeant________．A．somepeoplehelpedbytheoldmanforgottopayhimB．givinglovesometimesinvolvedrisksandhurtC．peoplewhosharedloveshouldbegratefulD．lovingapersonwithouthurtingyourself【解析】细节理解题。由文章第七段中“SometimesIhavegivenpiecesofmyheartaway，buttheotherpersonhasn'treturnedapieceofhisorherhearttoaretheemptyholes—givingloveistakingachance.”可知B项正确。【答案】B4．Whatmadetheyoungmanfeelhisheartmorebeautifulthaneverintheend?A．Themovingstorytoldbytheoldman.B．Hisfreshunderstandingoftruebeauty.C．Makinggoodfriendswiththeoldmanatlast.D．Theflowinglovefromtheoldman'sheartintohis.【解析】细节理解题。由文章倒数第三段“Theyoungmanlookedathisheart，notperfectanymorebutmorebeautifulthanever，sincelovefromtheoldman'sheartflowedintohis.”可知D项正确。【答案】DⅣ.完形填空(2023·江西余江一中高二上期中)Iwassaidtobetheworststudentinmyclass，andmyfamilythoughtIwashadto__1__gradethattimeanewteacher，MissSadia，cametoourschool.Onedayafterclass，she__2__thatIwasstayingaloneduringthelunchcame__3__tomeandbegantotalktowasjustanormalthatday，shegavemeparticular__4__anditmademefeelstartedtoworkhardbecauseshegavemethefeeling__5__someonebelievedme，andmy__6__startedtoimproveinhersubject.Monthslater，shemovedintoahousenearmy__7__．Wewouldwalkhometogetherafterconstant(不断的)supporthelpedme，__8__inmystudies，asIknewshewouldcheckmygradesbothinhersubject__9__theotherfinally__10__secondinmyclass.Then，aftergradesix，shestartedtoslowlydriftaway(疏远)__11__stillkeptaconstant(不断的)checkonthetimeIwasingradeseven，we__12__spoke，butbythenIhadbecomethe__13__inmyIleftmyschool，Iwas__14__withher,assheneveransweredthe__15__whenIcalledher.ThenIgraduatedandwenttoagoodfineday，ourpaths(路)metheratacouldnot__17__askingher，“Whydidyoustoptalkingtome？”“Youareacleverwantedyoutobeatree__18__onyourownroots，notdependingonhereyouareandIfeel__19__ofareyourinspiration(灵感，鼓舞)anddonotneedto__20__ashoulder，”shecouldnotsayanything，butI'llalwaysthankher.【语篇解读】本文叙述了作者在小学时由于一开始老师和家长都认为自己学习很差，因此要留级。这时遇到了一位名叫MissSadia的老师，作者在她的帮助和鼓励下，成绩很快就上来了，但是等到作者的成绩上来以后，MissSadia不再和他交谈。待到作者在毕业后的一次偶遇，他问起他的老师疏远他的原因，结果老师说其原因就是让他自己独立，不要总是依赖别人。作者很感谢MissSadia老师。1． B．attendC．copy D．repeat【解析】jump跳；attend参加；copy复印；repeat重复。根据“Iwassaidtobetheworststudentinmyclass，andmyfamilythoughtIwashopeless.”可知，老师和家长都认为“我”是差生，所以不得不留级。故选D。【答案】D2． B．noticedC．learned D．sensed【解析】hear听说；notice注意到；learn学会；sense感觉到。一天放学后，她注意到我一个人孤独地待着，故选B。【答案】B3． B．backC．off D．down【解析】come