自考高级英语上册Lesson 13 work

Lesson13workexceedingextraordinaryorexceptionalexceedingly:extremely极其。

irksomeirk:toannoy,esp.inaprovokingortediousway令人讨厌。如:Itirksmetodosuchtediouswork.

做这样无聊的工作让我相一致感到厌烦

irksometendingtoirk令人厌倦的，厌烦的。－some.加在名词、动词或形容词上构成形容词。另如:lonesome孤独的，冷落的;quarrelsome爱吵架的;troublesome麻烦的;wearisome使人疲劳的，令人厌烦的。

excessmorethanorabovewhatisnecessary超过部分，过多。如:Youshouldpayfortheexcess.Excessofsorrowlaughs,excessofjoyweeps.悲极而笑，喜极而泣。anexcessofanger/anexcessofenthasiasm

极其愤怒/热情。carrysomethingtoexcess把事情做得过火。inexcessof超过。如:Hvided(that):conj.ifandonlyif;onconditionthat.

如果，只要。如:Provided(that)thereisnoopposition,weshallproceedtocarryouttheplan.如果没有反对，我们就开始执行计划。Providedyoupayhimhewilltakethework.

merereliefoftediumrelief:feelingofcomfortattheendingofanxiety,fearorpain放松。如:Whatarelief!

心里多么放松啊！reliefofpain/anxiety缓解痛楚/紧张。ataloss:bewilderedoruncertain

不知所措。如:ForamomentIwasataloss.有一阵子我不知所措。Hewasatalossforanexplanationoftheaffair.Weareatalosstounderstandhismotive.我们对于他的动机一点也不能理解。exeriseMakeuseof应用，运用I’mexerisingmyrighttoaskforthereceipt.我在行使索要发票的权利。ChinaresumedexerisingitssovereigntyoverHongKonginLuly,1997.中国于1997年7月恢复对香港行使主权。drudgery:苦工drudge:apersonwhodoesmenial,dullorhardwork.勤苦地做单调乏味的苦工的人。sensation(s):

widespreadexcitementorinterest.轰动激动。firstandforemost:首先，最主要的。如:Thoughhehaswrittenmanybooks,he'sfirstandforemostapoet.尽管他写过几本书，他首先是个诗人。Firstandforemost,wemusthavefreedom.Desirable,desirousDesirable:tobedesired,worthhaving,satisfactory想要的，值得有的，不错的Thereareseveraldesirablehousesinthisstreet.这条街有几栋不错的房子。Desirous:feelingdesire向往的，渴望的HeisdesirousofobtainingapositionintheCivilService.他非常想在政府机关谋取一个职位。

impair:tomakeworse;damage损害如:Hisreputationwasimpairedbyhismistakes.他的声誉受到他的错误的损害。Hisexcessiveworkimpairedhishealth.他过度的工作损害了他的健康。atlarge(放在名词后面):asawhole整个的，一般的。如:Boysatlargelikesports.男孩一般喜爱运动。thepublicatlarge社会大众。Theescapedprisonerisstill

atlarge.

越狱犯依然在逃。inthelongrun:intheend.从长远来说，最后。如:inthelongrun,youhavetopaythepriceforyourfollies.你最终要为你的愚蠢付出代价。Youwillbenefitinthelongrun.你最终会受益。

procure:obtainsth.bycarefulattentionoreffort获得。如:Heprocuredmeemployment.他为我谋得一份工作。Kill,spendKilltime:findwaysofpassingthetimewithoutbeingbored消遣，消磨时光Thetrainwasverylate,sowekilledbyplayingcards.火车太慢，所以我们打牌消磨时间。Spendtime:度过HespendaweekendinLondon.他在伦敦度过周末。outletMeansofreleasing;wayout发泄的途径；出路，出口Childrenneedanoutletfortheirenergy.儿童的精力需要发泄出来。Switzerlandhasnooutlettothesea.瑞士没有入海口。DerivesthfromsthObtainsthfromsth;trace

sthfrom得到；追根求源Notallstudentscanderivepleasurefromtheirstudies.不是所有学生都能从学习中获得乐趣。ManyEnglishwordsderivefromLatin.许多英语单词来源于拉丁语。outwitWinordefeatbybeingclevererormorecunningthansb以智胜过Twoprisonersoutwittedtheirguardsandgotaway.有两个囚犯设计欺骗了警卫逃走。Thestoreoutwittedtherobbersbyputtingphonyjewelsinthedisplaycase.商店把假珠宝放在陈列盒里骗过了盗贼。Varied,variableVaried:ofdifferentsorts各种各样的Hehadhadavariedtraining,andhadheldmanyoffices.他受过各种训练，担任过许多工作。Variable:varying,changeable变化的，可变的Theweatherisextremelyvariablehere.这里的天气变化无常。maximum:(being)thehighestamount,value,ordegreethatcanbereached最大限度。如:Hesmokesamaximumof30cigarettesaday.Mysalaryisnotatitsmaximumyet.我的工资还未到最高水平。Itrequiresyourmaximumeffort.maximize:最大化。如:maximizeone’spotential/profits最大限度发挥潜力/获得利益。反义词:minimum最少。如：Itrequiresaminimumoffiveday‘swork.aminimumoftemperature/wage/height最低气温/工资/身高。minimizetheconsequences/therisks./theformalities将后果/风险/手续减到最少。CallforsthRequire,demandorneedsth.要求，需要Thesituationtherecallsforimmediateaction.那里的形势需要立即采取行动。ThemodernsocietycallsforthosewhoknowsEnglishandcomputerverywell.现代社会要求人们熟练掌握英语和计算机。atanyrate:inanyevent;inanycase不管怎样。如：Iwillleavehimaloneatanyrate.apt:likely,havingatendency常会，容易（有某种倾向）。如：Acarelesspersonisapttomakemistakes.Atone’sbestInthebestcondition处于最佳状态Hewasnotathisbestonthelastgame.他上次比赛状态不佳。Hewasathisbestinthedebateyesterdayandgotapllausefromtimetotime.他在昨天的辩论中表现出最佳状态Apttodo易于做，趋于Heisapttogetangry.他动不动就生气。Thenaughtyboyisapttomaketroubleinclass.那个淘气的男孩爱上课捣乱。Beabout,beaptBeaboutto:bejustgoingtodo即将，正要Hemetherinthedoorwayjustasshewasabouttogoaway.她正要离开，他在门口碰到她。Beaptto:likelytodo易于Heiscleverboybutapttogetintomischief.他是个聪明的孩子，但是好捣乱。Actual,literalActual:existinginfact,real实在的，真实的Canyougivemetheactualfigures.你能给我确切的数字吗？Lieral:takingwordsintheirusualandobvioussense按照字义的Theliteralmeaningoftheword“cat”isananimalnotagirl.“cat”的本义是动物而不是女孩。demolishV.Destoryorteardown摧毁，拆除Theoldbuildingwasdemolishandanewonewillbeputup.旧楼被拆除，新楼即将建立。Demolition.N.theactionofdemolishing破坏，毁坏Thereweresomedemolitionsofpublicpropertyintheschool.学校的公共财产遭到破坏。PretenseN.Falseappearance虚伪，伪装Hemadeapretenseofbeinghappyattheparty.晚会上他假装很高兴。Pretend:v.Giveanappearancethatisnottrue.伪装