英语：Unit4《Earthquakes》reading语言点与精炼(新人教版必修1)

人教课标版高一必修1Unit4英语课件Imagineyourhomebeginstoshakeandyoumustleaveitrightaway.

imagine:formamentalpicture

imagine+n./pron.

imaginesb.tobe

shake:causetomovetoandfroLanguagepointsrightaway:atonce;innotime;immediatelyrightnow:atthisverymomentMakeupyourmind___________.I’llreturnthebook___________.rightnowrightawayHe_____fromhischairwhenthedoorbellrang.Herjobis_______chickens.Hertemperatureisstill______.He________

inrankrecently.2.risevi.rose,risen

上升;升起;上涨;升高;增加

raisevt.raised,raised

举起,抬起，喂养roseraisingrisinghasrisensmelly:

smell+y=adj.

smelln./v(smelt/smelled)Theywereallhungryandthefood______good.Ican______somethingburninginthekitchen.Pleasethrowthe_______fishaway.smeltsmellsmelly3.A______gascame_____thecracks.smellyoutof4.…thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedand_____.burstburst可以作动词，意为：使爆炸;使破裂

；突然发生，突然出现。常构成短语burstintosth.或burstoutdoingsth.，表示“突然开始（做某事）”，如：burstintotears=burstoutcrying（表示“突然哭起来”）。也可以作名词，意为：爆炸。例如：1.Thedamburstafterheavyrains.2.Inthegame,childrentrytoburst

balloonsbysittingonthem.3.Clairelookedasifshewereaboutto

burstintotears.4.Joandidn’tsayanythingatfirstandthensheburstoutcrying.5.Thereisaburstinthewaterpipe.[即学即练]根据burst的用法，完成下列句子。1.Everyoneintheroomburstout_______(laugh).2.Shefoundtherewere________(burst)inthewellwalls.laughingbursts5.Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.[考点]定语从句中引导词who的用法。[考例]Women____drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose____don’t.(北京2006)A.who;不填 B.不填;whoC.who;who D.不填;不填6.Itseemedasiftheworld…1)asif似乎，好像=asthough

Shespoketomeasifsheknewme.

她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我似的。2)asif在表语从句中相当于that:

Itseemedasifthemeetingwouldneverend.

看起来会议没完没了。本文中asif的用法就是第二种。Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!=Itseemedthattheworldwasatanend!Itseemedthattheworldwas________.atanendattheendof

用于表示具体事物或场所的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意;

bytheendof

用于表示时间的场合，到……结束的时候，用于过去完成时态;intheend意思“最后、终于”。Compare:

attheendofbytheendofintheend1)Hisfatherwillreturnhome___________thisyear.2)Hewillbeascientist

__________.3)HowmanyEnglishwordshadyoulearned____________lastterm?attheendofintheendbytheendof7.Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecity

layin_____.ruinslie

(lay,lain):tobe,remainorbe

keptinacertainstateinruins:severelydamagedor

destroyedCompare:ruin;destroy;damage①damage指部分“损坏”、“损害”、“破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词,也可以用作名词,用作名词时常与tosomething连用。

Theaccidentdidalotofdamagetohiscar.②destroy只能用作动词,指彻底破坏,以致不可能修复,常作“破坏”、“毁灭”解,也可以指希望、计划等打破。

Theearthquakedestroyedalmostthewholetown.

③ruin则表示破坏严重,以致不能修复,但这种破坏不像destroy那样毁灭某物,而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。用作动词时,它作

“使毁灭”、

“使崩溃”、“弄糟”解;用作名词时,它表示“毁灭”、“瓦解”、“废墟”等抽象概念。ruin也有借喻的用法。Thefireruinedthecastle.Thehousehasfallenintoruin.Thecompanyisfacingruin.Thevillage___inruinsafterthewar.Thesemachineshave____idlesincethefactoryclosed.Anearthquakeleftthewholetown_______.Hiscareeris________.laylaininruinsinruinsEverywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwas_________.destroyedHe______hisgirlfriend’sprospectsruinedSoftwood________easily.damages8.Two-thirds

ofthepeoplediedorwere_______duringtheearthquake.injuredMorethan61%ofthesurfaceoftheearth____coveredbywater.Seventypercentoftheworkersinthisfactory____

young.以百分数作为主语的，谓语动词是单数还是负数取决于百分数后面跟的名词是可数还是不可数的。isare请根据提示完成下列句子。1.________(三分之一)ofthestudentsinourclass____(be)girls.2.__________(五分之三)ofthesoil__________(wash)awaybythefloodlastnight.3.______(一半)ofthedesksinthisschool________(make)inhiscompany.4.______(大部分的)ofthelecturehemadeyesterday______(be)interesting.One-thirdareThree-fifthswaswashedHalfaremadeMostwas5._________________(数万)people_____________(dance)inthebigsquarenow.6.Therewere____________(一万)studentstakingpartintheexamyesterday.7._________________(百分之九十)ofthemountain__________(cover)bytrees.iscoveredTensofthousandsofaredancingtenthousand90%/90percentCompare:injure;hurt;wound

injure:tohurtoneself/sb./sth.physically三者都可表示受伤，伤害。hurt可指对身体上的伤害，也指对心灵造成的伤害。wound一般指外伤，如刀伤、枪伤等，尤其指在战争中，打斗中受伤。injure一般是指在事故中受伤，往往意为“外伤”。Theircriticisms_________himdeeply.Smokingwill________hishealth.Hewasslightly________inthecaraccident.Hegot_________inthefighting.Whatyousaid_____myfeeling.havehurtinjuredinjuredwoundedhurt9.Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwereleftwithoutparents.[分析]a.这是一个由and连接的并列复合句。b.本句的结构是：第一个分句（Thousandsoffamilieswerekilled）+and+第二个分句（manychildrenwereleftwithoutparents）。c.第二个分句的结构为：主语（manychildren）+谓语（wereleft）+主语补足语（withoutparents）。d.可以充当补足语的还有形容词、分词、不定式、名词或句子等。[仿写]________________________________________________________________________（有这么多作业要做，我怎么能轻松起来呢？）HowcouldIfeelrelaxedwithsomuchhomeworktodo?10.Trap阅读下列句子，注意trap的意思及用法。1)Theelevatorbrokedownandweweretrappedinside(it).2)Imusttakenonoticeoftheirpolitenessorkindnesswhichwasdesignedtotrapmeintogivinginformation.3)Ifwe’relucky,thethiefwillfallrightintoourtrap.4)Tobreakoutofthetraptheyneedhelpfromthegovernment.[自我归纳]trap可以作_____，意为：___________（句1）。可以构成短语o(doing)sth.，表示“使中计；使陷入圈套”（句2）。也可以作名词,意为：_____（句3）；_____（句4）。动词使陷入困境困境陷阱[即学即练]根据括号内的提示完成句子。1.Iknewperfectlywell_____________(这是一个陷阱).2.Bycleverquestioning,they______________(诱使他)makinganagreement.itwasatrap

trappedhiminto11.shock[寓词于境]阅读下列句子，注意shock的意思及用法。1.Theshockofherfather’sdeathmadeherill.2.Thenewsofhisdeathcameasashocktousall.3.Heisn’tseriouslyinjuredbutisinshock.4.Ifelttheshockastheplanehittheground.5.Itshocksyouwhensomethinglikethathappens. [自我归纳]shock可以作名词，意为：打击（句1）；_____（句2）；休克（句3）；_____（句4）。也可以作动词，意为：_________（句5）。[拓展]shocked为形容词，表示“吃惊的、震惊的”。如：Forafewminuteswestoodinshockedsilence.震惊震动（使）震惊[即学即练]根据括号内的提示完成句子。1.Thenewsofhismother’sdeath____________________（使他非常震惊）.2.She______________（因休克死亡）followinganoperationonherbrain.3.Whatreally___________（让我震惊的）wasthatnooneseemedtocareaboutthat.4.______________（我们很吃惊）tohearabouthisleaving.wasaterribleshocktohimdiedofshock shockedmeWewereshocked[考点]last在此句中意为“持续，延续”。可单独使用，也可后接for+一段时间（for可以省略）。12.

Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.[考例]Theeveningnewscomesonatseveno’clockand______onlythirtyminutes.(2004全国卷II)A.keeps B.continuesC.finishesD.lasts[点拨]根据句意“……只持续30分钟”，排除C；keep意为“维持，保持”时，后接形容词作表语，排除A;continue指继续做某事；last指某事持续了多长时间。13.Allhopewasnotlost.[考点]all...not=notall...意为“并不都……”，是部分否定。当all,both及every的合成词与not连用时，表示部分否定；完全否定要用no,never,nowhere,none,neither,nothing,nobody等。[考例]Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdon’tagreewith______.(NMET1997)A.everything B.anythingC.something D.nothing[点拨]根据前面的“我同意你说的大部分”，暗示“我并不同意所有的”，可知是部分否定，选A。not...everything表示的是部分否定。14.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.digout挖掘；发现bury:A.toplaceinthegroundB.tooccupy(oneself)withdeepconcentration;absorbThedogburiedtheboneintheground.Iburiedmyselfinmystudies.buryoneselfin=beburiedindevoteoneselfto=bedevotedtoa.这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。b.本句的结构是：主语（Thearmy）+谓语（organized）+宾语（teams）+目的状语（todigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtobury