Unit 5 Poems 单词精讲 【高效识记+延伸拓展】高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

Unit5

单词精讲1．sorrown.悲伤；悲痛；伤心事

vi.感到悲伤(1)one’ssorrowat/over/forsth.对某事的悲伤insorrow悲哀地(2)sorrowfuladj.悲伤的；伤心的(3)sorrowfullyadv.悲哀地；悔恨地Heexpressedhissorrowatthenewsofherdeath.Theysharedwiththeirjoysandsorrowsofchildhood.Theysaidthatthedecisionwasmademoreinsorrowthaninanger.单句语法填空(1)Shelookedatme________sorrowwhensheheardthesuddennews.(2)Thatwasthemost________(sorrow)momentinhislife.(3)Theboy_______________(sorrow)admittedthathehadn’tworkedhardbefore.(4)Asweallknow,ourlifeisfilledwith________(sorrow)andjoys.(5)Theyallexpressedtheirsorrow_____________thedeathoftheyoungman.insorrowfulsorrowfullysorrowsat/over/for2．literaryadj.文学的；有文学作品特征的伤(1)文学的；文学上的literarycriticism/theory文学批评/理论literarycriticism文学批评；文学评论literarywork文学作品；手笔literaryfilm文艺片literarydevice文学手法(2)适于文学作品的；有典型文学作品特征的(3)爱好文学的；从事文学研究(或写作)的写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Popularmusicevolvedfromfolksongs. __________2.Theartist’sinspirationcamefromChinesefolktales. __________3.Mostneighboursenjoymakingsmalltalkwiththefolksontheothersideofthefence.（2014浙江）

__________4.TraditionalfolkartsofTianjinlikepapercuttingarebeingexhibitedatthecultureshowofthe2010ShanghaiWorldExpo. __________folk人们民歌民间故事传统民间艺术完成句子(1)Mydaughterengagesin________________.我女儿主要从事文学翻译。(2)Your________________seemstobeoutofdate.你的文学理念似乎过时了。(3)Many________________aredeeplyinterestedinpoems.许多文学青年对诗歌都很感兴趣的。literarytranslationliterarytheoryliteraryyouths3．folkadj.民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的(1)folkn.民族；人们；亲属(复数)folksn.(复数)人们folktales民间故事；民间传说folkmusic民俗音乐(2)folkart民间艺术afolkmuseum民俗博物馆folkwisdom民间智慧afolkfestival/concert民间音乐节/会完成句子(1)Theseexpertstakespecialinterestin____________inthisarea.这些专家对这个地方的民俗音乐特别感兴趣。(2)Weoughttopresentourtraditional_________________totheworld.我们要向世界展示我们传统的民间艺术。folkmusicfolkartGarliciswidelyusedinChinesefolkmedicine.I’dliketoexpressmythankstothefolksbackhome.I’dlikeajobworkingwitholdfolksorkids.Well,folks,whatarewegoingtodotoday?

4．amateurn.业余爱好者adj.业余的；业余爱好的anamateurphotographer业余摄影爱好者amateurathletics业余体育运动完成句子(1)Alltheparticipantsare________________.所有参加比赛的人员都是业余油画爱好者。(2)Though______________________，theydidaverygoodjobinthecompetition.尽管他们都是业余爱好者，但是他们在比赛中都表现得非常出色。amateurpainterstheyareallamateurs5．moodn.情绪；心情；语气beinagoodmood心情很好；情绪很好beinabadmood处于坏脾气的时候themoodofthemeeting会议的气氛Iwonderwhyhe’sinsuchabadmoodtoday.Themoodofthemeetingwasdistinctlypessimistic.Sheisinabadmoodthesedays,soyoudon’tbotherher.Theteacherisquitesatisfiedwiththemoodoftheclass.Weallknowthatifweareinabadmood,wearelikelytoexpressnegativeattitudesandfeelings.6．bemadeupof

由……组成(构成)(1)bemadeupof…＝consistof…由……组成consistof与bemadeupof意思相同，但前者不能用于被动语态或进行时态。(2)相关短语：makeup编造；虚构；组成；化妆；和解makeupfor补偿；弥补makeupwithsb.与某人和好makeupone’smind(todo…)下决心(做……)makeout理解；明白(事理)单句语法填空(1)Hemade________someexcusesabouthisdaughterbeingsick.(2)Shedeterminedtoworktwiceashardasbeforetomakeup________thelosttime.(3)TheletterissocarelesslywrittenthatIcan’tmake________whatthelettersays.(4)TheG8ismadeup________politicalleadersfromFrance,theUnitedStates,Britain,Germany,Japan,Italy,CanadaandRussia.(5)Ourschool________(consist)ofsixtyclasses.upforoutofconsists7．coren.核心；精髓；(水果的)核儿coreoftheapple苹果核theearth’score地核thecoreoftheargument争论的核心tothecore直至核心；十足；透顶完成句子(1)The________________jujubesaretoohardtodigest.枣子核太硬，不能消化。(2)Sheis________________.她是这个队的核心成员。(3)He’sapolitician________________.他是个十足的政客。coresofthecoreoftheteamtothecore8．blankadj.空白的；没表情的

n.空白；空格blankadj.空白的；空的；不理解的；不感兴趣的ablanksheet一张白纸blankwalls光秃秃的墙blankexpression木然的表情one’smindgoesblank脑子里突然一片空白Suddenlythescreenwentblank.Signyournameintheblankspacebelow.Writeononesideofthepaperandleavetheothersideblank.StevelookedblankandsaidhehadnoideawhatIwastalkingabout.【易混辨析】empty,vacant,hollow,bare与blank“空白”(1)empty“空的”，指某物缺少其常有的东西。也可引申为“空洞的，空虚的”。Theroomisemptyoffurniture.(2)vacant“空着的；未被占用的”，常指房子、座位、职位等。Theroomisvacant.(3)hollow“中空的；空心的”，与solid相对。Awaterpipeishollow.(4)bare“(房间、柜子等)空的；裸露的；无遮盖的”。abareroom,barearm,barewalls(5)blank表面没有任何东西或表面是空白的，也可引申为“没表情的”。ablankwall,ablankexpression9．sympatheticadj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的(1)asympatheticlistener一个体恤别人的听众besympatheticto/towardssb./sth.对某人/物同情；赞同、支持某人/某事(2)sympathyn.同情；赞同；支持havenosympathyforsb.对某人没有同情心feel/show/expresssympathyfor对某人感到/表现出/表达同情insympathywithsb.为支持某人insympathywith因某事而发生outofsympathywith不赞成某事单句语法填空(1)Thebosshadnosympathy________theinjuredworkerandlaidhimoff.(2)Alltheworkerswentonstrike________sympathywiththeseniorworkerswhohadbeenlaidoff.(3)Thewoodenbuildingfelloffinsympathy________thebigfire.(4)Atthemeetingmostpeoplewereoutofsympathy________newproposal.(5)Mikeisa________(sympathy)personinhisdailylife.(6)Sheisneversympathetic____________otherswhentheyareintrouble.forinwithsympatheticto/towardswith10．innocencen.单纯；无罪；天真(1)innocentadj.天真的；无罪的；纯洁的(2)innocentlyadv.天真地；若无其事地；纯洁地；无罪地askinnocently装作若无其事地；满脸无辜地obtain/get/receivesth.innocently清白地得到某物Sheprotestedherinnocence.Theyhaveimprisonedaninnocentman.Hewalkedcasuallyintothestoreandinnocentlyofferedtobuythecatfor2dollars.完成句子(1)Shewasfound_________________(没有任何罪状).(2)Thisnewevidencewill______________________(证明他们的清白).(3)Children________________________(失去了天真)astheygrowolder.(4)“Whatdoyoumean？”Annie__________________(若无其事地问道).innocentofanycrimeprovetheirinnocencelosttheirinnocenceaskedinnocently11．sowvt.&vi.播种；种(1)sowed(过去式),sown/sowed过去分词(2)灌输、散布(某个消息)；激起、煽动(某种情感)sowtheseeds播种sowdoubtinsb.’smind使某人心怀疑虑sowconfusion制造混乱sowtheseedsof…成为……的肇端Farmerssowtheirseedsinspring.Howcanyousowtroubleamongthevillagers?Theirquarrelsowedtheseedsofhatredamongthetwofamilies.完成句子(1)Hiswords____________________________.他的话让我心存疑虑。(2)Thenews________________amongthecitizens.这种消息在市民中引发了混乱。(3)Hiscarelessness________________________theaccidentafterwards.他的粗心为后来的事故埋下了祸根。soweddoubtinmymindsowedconfusionsowedtheseedsof12．correspondencen.来往信件；通信联系(1)personal/privatecorrespondences私人来往信件thecorrespondencecolumn/page(inanewspaper)(2)enterintocorrespondencewithsb.开始与某人通信keepupacorrespondence保持通信联系beincorrespondence保持通信联系(3)thecorrespondencebetweenAandB

A和B之间的关系(4)correspondv.符合；与……一致；相当；通信correspondto/with…与……相符、一致correspondto…与……相当；相当于……correspondwithsb.与某人通信单句语法填空(1)Istillkeepthepersonal________________(correspond)withmywife.(2)Weentered________correspondencewitheachotherintheearly1985．(3)Theyhadbeen________correspondencefortwoyearsbeforetheygotmarried.(4)Iwasn’tawareofthecorrespondence________MikeandJane.(5)Thesegoodsdonotcorrespond________thelistofthoseIordered.(6)Redlinesonthemapcorrespond________majorroads.correspondenceinintoto/withtobetween13．dominantadj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的dominancen.优势；统治；支配dominatevt.控制；支配；占优势；在……中占主要地位完成句子(1)MrSmithisa____________________________inthiscompany.在这个公司史密斯是非常独断专行的人物。(2)Ofalltheapplicants,Lilyhasthe________________overothers.在所有的求职者中，李丽有着压倒性的优势。(3)Frombeginningtoend,thematch_________________ourteam.自始至终我们队控制着比赛场上的主动权。dominantfigure/persondominantadvantageswasdominatedby14．contestn.比赛；竞赛；竞争

vt.争取；争辩(1)contestn.(可数)竞赛；比赛；争夺；竞争；竞选acontestbetweenAandB在A与B之间的比赛/竞争(2)contestvt.争夺；争取赢得(奖品、胜利、一场战役等)contestagainstsb.同某人竞争contestforsth.为了获得某物而比赛、竞争Thereisapreliminarycontestbeforethefinalone.ThematchlookslikebeingaDavidandGoliathcontest.Thishasstrippedthecontestdowntoitsessentials.Wereyoupresentatthedeclamationcontestoffreshmen?完成句子(1)Thisisa________________twoexcellentspeakers.这场演讲比赛是两个优秀选手之间的竞争。(2)The________________thegoldprizebegins.冲刺金奖的比赛开始了。(3)Willyouenterforthisweek’s________________?你要参加这个星期的选美比赛吗？(4)Thiswillbea________________.这场比赛将会是一场势均力敌的比赛。contestbetweenbeautycontestcontestforclosecontest15．polishvt.抛光；修改；润色n.抛光；擦亮Thereisapreliminarycontestbeforethefinalone.ThematchlookslikebeingaDavidandGoliathcontest.Thishasstrippedthecontestdowntoitsessentials.Wereyoupresentatthedeclamationcontestoffreshmen?完成句子(1)YesterdayI________myshoes________.昨天请人擦了一下我的鞋子。(2)You’dbetter________________beforesendingittothemanager.你最好先把信润色一下再发给经理。hadpolishtheletterpolished16．stringn.细绳

vt.系

adj.弦乐器的；线织的Astringofmyviolinhasbroken,soI’llhavetoreplaceitwithanotherone.Flagswerestrungoutalongtheroute./Theroutewasstrungwithflags.(1)stringn.细绳；线；带子；串；弦apiece/lengthofstring一根/一段细绳astringof…一串……；接二连三的(2)string(strung,strung)vt.悬挂；系；扎；串联起来stringAonB把A系/挂在B上完成句子(1)Hegot________________andtiedittotheballoon.他拿来一根线，把它系在了那个气球上。(2)Alotofflags________________thetrees.树上挂着许多的旗帜。(3)Heexperienced________________failuresinhislife.在他的人生中，他经历了接二连三的失败。apieceofstringastringofarestrungon17．befamiliarwith熟悉He’safamiliarfigureintheschool.JinLifoundtheAmericanwayoflifefamiliarsoonafterherarrivalintheUSA．Theyweresopopularthattheirfansformedclubsinordertogetmorefamiliarwiththem.sb.be/getfamiliarwithsth./sb.某人对某事物(人)熟悉sth./sb.befamiliartosb.某事物(某人)为某人所熟悉18．entertainvt.&vi.招待；使娱乐；使欢乐(1)entertainsb.使某人娱乐entertainoneself自娱自乐entertainsb.tosth.款待(招待)某人吃(用)某物entertainsb.withsth./bydoingsth.

用某物/通过做某事使某人欢乐(2)entertainern.(娱乐的)表演者；艺人(3)entertainmentn.(不可数)娱乐；(可数)娱乐活动toone’sentertainment使某人快乐的是(4)entertainingadj.使人愉快的；有趣的单句语法填空(1)Look,thetwochildrenareentertaining___________sohappilyoverthere.(2)Thelittlegirlusuallyentertainsherself________playingthepianowhensheisfree.(3)Much________ourentertainment,mydaughterwasadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.(4)Thereareallkindsof_______________(entertain)inourschoolwhenschoolisover.themselvestobyentertainments19．racialadj.种族的；人种的(1)racialhatred种族仇恨racialprejudice种族偏见racialtension种族间的紧张状况racialviolence种族暴力racialequality种族平等racialminorities少数民族(2)raciallyadv.人种上；按人种racialismn.种族主义；种族歧视；人种偏见racialistn.种族主义者racen.民族；种族单句语法填空(1)MrBrownisreallya________(race)becauseheoftenshowsracialprejudice.(2)Asamanof___________(race),MrJacksonalwaysbelieveshisownracesuperiortoothers’.(3)Thesechildrenareallfrom________(race)mixedfamilies.(4)Weexpecttoliveinaworld,wherepeopleofall________(race)liveandworkinpeace.racialistraciallyracialismraces20．complicatedadj.复杂的；难懂的acomplicatedsystem复杂的系统complicatevt.使复杂化；使恶化完成句子(1)Thisproblemis_____________________foryoutounderstand.这个问题太复杂，你理解不了。(2)Themachineshasavery______________________.这台机器的系统非常复杂。toocomplicatedcomplicatedsystemreal词族realreally

adv确实reality

n现实realise

v实现realism

n现实主义……realisation

n

实现realist

n

现实主义者realistic

adj现实主义的写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.AnEnglish-languageversionofthebookisplannedfortheautumn.___________2.Theofficialversion

ofeventsisthatthepolicewereattackedandwerejusttryingtodefendthemselves.___________3.Howmanycoverversionshavebeenmadeofthesong“MyWay”?___________版本version说法翻唱版本写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Becarefulwiththosewinecups—theyareverydelicate.___________2.Thesuncaneasilydamageachild’sdelicate

skin.___________3.Ineedtospeaktoyouaboutaratherdelicatematter.___________

4.Sheservedthedishupondelicatewhiteplates.___________5.Wechoseadelicatepinkpatternforourbedroomcurtains.___________易碎的delicate娇嫩的棘手的精美的柔和的guarantee写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Weguaranteetocompleteourmission.

____________2.I’mplanningtoholdapartyintheopenair,butIcanmakenoguaranteesbecauseitdependsontheweather.____________3.Highereducationalevaluation（评估）isthemainpattern（模式）ofeducationalqualityguarantee. ____________

4.Icanoffermylandasaguarantee. ____________5.Thecarisstillunderguarantee,soyoushouldbeabletogetitrepairedfreeofcharge.

___________保证

不能保证

质量保证抵押品

在保修期内memory词族选出适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。1.Iusually__________twentynewwordsadayandputthemtousewheneverpossible.（2010江苏）2.Whateveryourageorinterests,Buxtonhassomethingtoseeordotomakeyourvisittruly__________.（2019江苏）3.Thepaintingwillbealasting__________toaremarkablewoman.4.SheandherresearchteamwantedtoknowhowtheInternetischanging__________.（2015安徽）5.Hundredsofpeoplecametotheservicetohonourthe__________doctor.memory,memorise,memorable,memorialmemorise

memorable

memorial

memory

memorial

名词后缀-ismreal+-ism

→realism

n现实主义ideal+-ism→idealism

n理想主义tour+-ism→tourism

n观光旅行；旅游业Buddha+-ism→B