2022新高考衡水名师原创英语专题卷：专题02 阅读理解说明类专练

2022新高考衡水名师原创英语专题卷：专题二《阅读理解说明类专练》（90分钟，92分）考点01：冠词3颗星考点02：代词3颗星考点03：介词和介词短语2颗星考点04:名词3颗星考点05：主谓一致5颗星考点06：形容词和副词5颗星考点08：非谓语动词5颗星考点09：动词的时态和语态5颗星考点10：定语从句3颗星考点13：状语从句3颗星考点14：特殊句式2颗星考点17：阅读理解说明文5颗星第I卷（选择题）（每题2分，共32分）A

Nexttimeyoumakeyourselfahotcupofteaorcoffee,youmightwanttoletitcooldownabitbeforedrinking.

Researcherssaylettingyourhotdrinkscooloffcouldhelpyouavoidsomekindofcancer.ResearchersattheInternationalAgencyforResearchonCancer(IARC)foundevidencethatdrinksattemperaturesabove651,whenswallowed,cancausecanceroftheesophagus(食道).Theresearchersexaminedfindingsfromotherstudieswhereteaandcoffeewereoftenservedat70℃orabove.ThosestudieswerecompletedinIran,ChinaandSouthAmerica.

Indevelopedcountries,healthexpertshavelinkedesophagealcancertosmokingandalcoholic(酒精的)drinks.However,thisformofcancerismorecommoninareaswherepeopledrinkbeverages(饮料,酒水)atveryhightemperatures.

InEuropeandtheUnitedStates,manypeopledrinkcoffeeandteaattemperaturesaround60℃.Andtheyoftenaddmilkwhichlowersthetemperaturegreatly.However,teadrinkersinIranandmatedrinkersinSouthAmericaoftenenjoytheirbeveragesatcloserto70℃.

TheresearchersfindthatSouthAmericansnotonlydrinktheirmateteaveryhot,theyalsodrinkitthroughametalstraw(吸管).Thissendsthescaldingliquiddirectlyintothethroat.

Thefindings,however,aregoodnewsforcoffeedrinkers.In1991,theWorldHealthOrganizationlistedcoffeeaspossiblycarcinogenic(致癌的).TheWHOofficialshavesincechangedtheirpositiononthatlisting.Theynowsuggestthatthetemperatureofyourhotdrinkisagreaterriskfactorthantheactualdrinkitself.

Theresultssuggestthatdrinkingveryhotbeveragesisoneprobablecauseofesophagealcancerandthatitisthetemperature,ratherthanthedrinksthemselves,thatappearstoberesponsible.(1).Whatmightbethecauseofesophagealcancer?A.Smoking. B.Alcoholicdrinks. C.Unhealthyvegetables. D.Hotdrinks.(2).Wheredoteadrinkerslikeaddingmilk?A.InChina. B.InIran. C.InEurope. D.InSouthAfrica.(3).Whatdoestheunderlinedword"scalding"inParagraph5mean?A.Sweet. B.Cold. C.Hot. D.Tateless.(4).WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsisTRUE?A.Once,theWHOthoughtcoffeewouldcausecancer.B.Drinksbelow60℃cancauseesophagealcancer.C.Temperatureshouldnotbethecauseofcancer.D.Drinkingmilkisamuchhealthierwaytokeepawayfromcancer.B

Haveyoueverwonderedwhat

wildanimalsdowhennooneiswatching?

Lowcost,dependableandsmallmoderncamerasofferedabighelp.Camerasplacedinhard-to-reachplaceshaveshoteverythingfromsmalldesertcatstolargersnow-lovingfelinesinthenorthernRockyMountains.Scientistshavebeenabletodocumentthe"private"momentsofwildlifewithleadingtechnology.

GrantHarrisisagovernmentbiologistwiththeUnitedStatesFishandWildlifeServiceinAlbuquerque,NewMexico.Inhiswords,"there'snodoubtthatthesewildcamerasareimportanttoolstolearnnewinformationonwildlife."Harrissaidsomeimageshelpscientistsseetheeffectsofclimatechange.

ResearcherswiththeWyomingMigrationInitiative,orWMI,areamongthoseusingwildcamerasalongwithglobalpositioningsystems,orGPS.ButWMIdirectorMatthewKauffmansaysasthosedevicesarelimited,soistheamountofinformationtheycangatherfromGPS.However,camerascanbeleftinverywildareasfordays,weeksorevenmonths.Theycanprovideinformationonhowmanyanimalsaremovingoveragivenperiodoftime.

Puttingthosecamerasinplacerequirescarefulplanning.Wildvideocanshowdetailsaboutanimalbehavior.However,wildcamerashavetheirproblemstoo.Animalssuchaswolverinesandbearssometimesattackthem.Scientistsdonotknowiftheattacksaretheresultofangerorinterest.Also,thedeviceshavebecomepopulartoolstohelphunterslookforanimals.Somepeoplearguethatitisunfairtousethecamerasthatway.

Evenwithsuchproblems,wildcamerasareclearlyanimportantscientifictoolinresearchingwildanimals.(1).Whatdoestheunderlinedword"document"inParagraph2mean?

A.Remind. B.Enrich. C.Appreciate. D.Record.(2).Whichisadisadvantageofwildcameras?

A.Theycannotbeleftinthewildoveralongperiod.B.Theycannotbeplacedinhard-to-reachareas.C.Theyprovidelimitedinformation.D.Theymightbestolenbypeople.(3).Whydosomepeopleargueagainstusingwildcameras?

A.Itisdifficulttofixthecameras. B.Ithelpshuntersfindanimalseasily.C.Itishardtoachievecarefulplanning. D.Itmakesanimalsinterestedinthecameras.(4).Whatistheauthorsattitudetowardswildcameras?

A.Doubtful. B.Positive. C.Uncertain. D.Uncaring.C

Agroupofblue-facedbirdsstepthroughthegrassshouldertoshoulder,redeyeslookingaround.Theylooklikemiddleschoolersseekingacafeteriatableatlunchtime.Perhapsthey'renotsodifferent.

Anewstudy,ledbyDamienFarine,anornithologistwhostudiescollectivebehaviour,showsthatvulturineguineafowlsofeasternAfrica,likehumans,havemultilevelsocieties.Inthepast,scientistsassumedsuchsocialstructuresrequiredalotofbrainpower.Butthepea-brainedguineafowlsarerevealingthefaultsinthatassumption.

Theselargebirdswanderacrossthelandscapeinpacks,oftenwalkingsocloselythattheirbodiestouch.Theymayfighteachothertomaintaintheirstricthierarchies(等级制度),butatothertimestheyengageinfriendlybehaviourslikesharingfood.

Suspectingtheguineafowlmighthaveasocialstructure,Dr.Farineandhiscolleaguesbeganathoroughstudyoftheirsociety.Forawholeyear,theymadedailyobservationsof441birds.Colouredlegbandsinuniquecombinationsletresearcherstelltheblack-and-bluebirdsapart.TheyalsoattachedGPSdevicestothebacksof58birds,whichletthemseeexactlywhereeverygroupwent,24hoursaday.

Thefindingsoftheresearchsuggestthatvulturineguineafowlshaveamultilevelsociety.Therearegroupswithingroupswithinthepopulationasawhole.Thereevenseemtobegroupsoffriendswithinthesmallgroups.Thisisthefirsttimeanyonehasobservedsuchasocietyinabird.

AndDr.Farineemphasizesthisparticularbird'stinybrainsize."Theydon'tonlyhavesmallbrainsrelativetomammals(哺乳动物);theyalsohavequitesmallbrainsrelativetootherbirds,"hesaid.

Accordingtohim,livinginthiskindofsocietymightactuallymakeiteasiertokeeptrackofthesocialorder.Forexample,ifgroupsarestableandabirdcanidentifyjustoneortwoindividualswithinagroup,itknowswhichgroupit'slookingat—noneedforabrainthatcanrecognizeeverysingleanimal.Multilevelsocietiesalsoletanimalsadjusttheirgroupsizesbasedonwhateverchallengesthey'refacing.Dependingonwhatenemiesorresourcesarearound,itmightmakesensetotravelinacombinedgroupratherthanasmallerone.

"Havingamultilevelstructuremaynotrequirehavingalargebrain,"Dr.Farinesaid.Theremaybemorebirdsandotheranimalsouttherethat,althoughsmall-brained,havemultilevelsocietiesasourown.(1).Accordingtothepassage,whatinspiredDr.Farinetocarryoutthestudy?A.Theguineafowl'ssocialbehaviour. B.Previousassumptionsaboutbirds.C.Hisinterestinanimals'brainpower. D.Thefaultsinearlierresearch.(2).WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theresearchsubjects. B.Theresearchmethods.C.Theresearchfindings. D.Theresearchequipment.(3).Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Complexsocialsystemscanbeadisadvantagetoguineafowls.B.Guineafowlsaregoodatrecognizingindividualsinagroup.C.Birdsmaintainthesocialorderbytravellingincombinedgroups.D.Small-brainedanimalscanformmultilevelsocieties.(4).Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Topresentthefindingsofastudyoftheguineafowl.B.Toexplaintheinteractionpatternsinmultilevelsocieties.C.Tointroduceanewapproachtoobservingtheguineafowl.D.Touncovercluesabouthowcomplexsocietiesareformed.DTheArtofWarisanancientChinesemilitaryworkthatwaswrittenbySunTzu,ahighrankingmilitarygeneralandstrategistinthelateSpringandAutumnPeriod.Composedof13chapters,eachofwhichisdevotedtooneaspectofwarfare,itissaidtobethebestworkonmilitarystrategiesandtactics(策略)ofitstime,andisstillreadforitsmilitarythoughts.TheArtofWarisoneoftheoldestandmostsuccessfulbooksonmilitarystrategyintheworld.IthasbeenthemostfamousandinfluentialofChina’sSevenMilitaryClassics.ForthelasttwothousandyearsitremainedthemostimportantmilitaryworkinAsia,whereeventhecommonpeopleknewitbyname.IthashadaninfluenceonEasternmilitarythinking,businesstactics,andbeyond.SunTzuemphasizedtheimportanceofpositioninginmilitarystrategy,andthatthedecisiontopositionanarmymustbebasedonbothobjective(客观的)conditionsin

thephysicalenvironmentandthesubjective(主观的)beliefsofothercompetitiveactorsinthatenvironment.Hethoughtthatstrategywasnotplanninginthesenseofworkingthroughanestablishedlist,butitrequiredquickandcorrectresponsestochangingconditions.ThebookwasfirsttranslatedintoFrenchin1772byFrenchJesuitJeanJosephMarieAmiot,andintoEnglishbyBritishofficerEverardFergusonCalthropin1905.LeadersasdiverseasMaoZedong,GeneralVoNguyenGiap,BaronAntoine-HenriJomini,GeneralDouglasMacArthur,Napoleon,andleadersofImperialJapandrewinspirationfromthework.1.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthistext?A.TointroduceSunTzu. B.TointroduceTheArtofWar.C.Totellusthehistoryofwars. D.Totellussomemilitarystrategies.2.AccordingtoSunTzu,______.A.topositionanarmyisasubjectivematter B.objectiveconditionsdecideawar’svictoryC.strategymeansstickingtoanestablishedplan D.ageneralshouldreacttochangingconditions3.Theauthorlistssomefamouspeople’snamesinthelastparagraphto______.A.explainthehistoryofTheArtofWar B.advisepeopletoreadTheArtofWarC.showtheinfluenceofTheArtofWar D.proveTheArtofWarisusedinmanyfields4.WhatdowelearnaboutTheArtofWar?A.Itisappliedinmorethanmilitaryfield.B.Ithasahistoryofabout1,000years.C.ItwastranslatedearlierintoEnglishthanFrench.D.Itcontainssomebusinessmanagementstrategies.第=2\*ROMANII卷（非选择题）（每题1.5分，共60分）一、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。TheoriginalChineseoperaMarcoPolo,basedonthestoryoftheVenetianexplorer①_________traveledalongtheancientSilkRoadinthe13thcentury,will②_________(stage)inSeptemberinItaly.③_________(write)inChineseandperformedbyWesternandChinesesingers,theworkisthefirstoriginalChineseoperaproducedbyGuangzhouOperaHousefortheSilkRoadInternationalLeagueofTheaters.Theleagueservesasaplatformfortheperformingartsandwassetup④_________(promote)culturalexchangesbetweenChinaandothercountries.Theprocessofmakingthisoperahasbeenamajoreffortofcommunication.TheVenetianexplorerisseen⑤_________asymboloffriendship.ItalsodescribestheromancebetweenMarcoandayoungChinesewomannamedChuanYun,aswellastheriseandfallofthetwo⑥_________(dynasty)—SongandYuan.Theoperatookaboutthreeyearstoputtogetherwithateamofinternationalartists.Thecomposercombined⑦_________(tradition)ChinesefolkelementswithMongolianmusicandWesternclassicalmusic.MarcoPolois⑧_________signforconnectingcultures.Besidesthe⑨_________(significant)ofcomposingcompletelyforaChineseopera,theopera⑩_________(deliver)somethingmore,thatis,1oveandpeace.二、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。ThefireatNotre-DameCathedraldeParis(巴黎圣母院)hasraisedquestionsabouttheconditionofthousandsofothercathedralsandhistoric①______(structure)acrosstheEurope.ItalsoraisesquestionsaboutwhetherEuropeangovernment②______(do)enoughtokeepupandcareforsuchbuildingsinthepastdecades.TiborNavacies,theEuropeanUnion’stopcultureofficial,toldTheassociatedPressthat“wearesousedtoouroutstandingculturalheritage③______wetendtoforgetthatitneeds④______(restore)fromtimetotime."Somepeoplesaythefirewasawake-upcall,notjustforEurope,butthewholeworld.Largefireshavelongrobbedhumanity⑤______knowledge,artandtreasures.In2015,theGermanengineeringcompanySiemens⑥______(find)thatScotlandhadaboutten⑦______(damage)firesayear,whileEnglandlostatleastadozenlistedbuildingsayear.InGermany,seventyhistoricbuildingshavebeen⑧______(heavy)damagedsince2000.Expertssay⑨______isneedediscontinuousattentionandmaintenance.SomesayworldfamousmonumentslikeNotre-Damearethedrivingforcebehindtourismandshouldgetmorerespect.Sneska,whoheadstheheritagegroupEuropaNostra,notedthe⑩______(significant)ofsuchrespect."Culturalheritageisagoldmine.Youcannotexploititandthenjustleavethemineandgotoanotherone.”hesaid.三、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。YuRong,

aChineseartist,

thinksofanewwaytointroduce①________ancientstoryofHuaMulaninherpicturebook.

Inthebook,

IAmHuaMulan,

shetellsthestoryby②________(combine)

paper-cuttingwithinternationalartisticstyles.

SheplacesShanxipapercutsoverwestern-stylepencilsketches(素描)③________(create)

atypicalpresentationofChineseelements

(元素),whichturnsouttobea④________(success)

andimpressivebreakthrough.HuaMulan,⑤________storyhasbeentoldbygenerationsinChina,

wasafighterfromtheNorthernWeiDynasty(386﹣534).

Asadevoteddaughter,

shedressedherselfasamantoserveinthearmy⑥________placeofherfather.

Mulan'scharacteristics,suchascourage,

kindnessandadisinterestedattitudetowardfameandfortune,made⑦________(she)

oneofthemostrespectedhistoricalChineseheroines.

Mulan'sstoryhasbeenadapted⑧________(frequent)

inmodernmedia,includingTVshows,

videogamesandliterature.

Forexample,

in1998,

DisneyproducedafilmnamedMulan,

which⑨________(consider)

agreatsuccessbycriticsandthepublic.Tobettertellthestory,

YuRongtakesinspirationfromherseveral⑩________(visit)

tositesofancientbattlesandHenanprovince'sYuOpera.Afteryearsofpreparationshefinallymakesthisextraordinarywork.四、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The12thChinaArtsFestivalwillbringaseriesofart

①______________(activity)totheChineseeconomicandartcenter,Shanghai.FromMay20toJune2,morethan50shows

②______________(select)nationwidewillbeperformedinnineteenmajortheatersinShanghai,andafineselectionofcreativeculturalproductswill

③______________(show)attheShanghaiExhibitionCenter.Thefestivalwillinclude④______________(vary)artforms,suchasoperadancing,painting-andphotography.The2019editionisco-organizedbytheministryofCultureandTourismandtheShanghaimunicipalgovernment(市改府).Since

⑤______________(it)beginningin1987,thefestival

⑥______________(change)hostcitiesineachedition,travellingtoareasincludingBeijing,Sichuan,Jiangsu,ZhejiangandHubeioverthepastthreedecades.Salesofticketshaveopenedonline,withticketspricedfromnocost

⑦______________380yuan,accordingtotheorganizers.Toallowamuch

⑧______________(large)numberofaudiencetoaccesstheprograms,thefestivalwillalsobebroadcastliveonline.“Wewillusenewmediatobringtheshowstomoreordinarypeople,

⑨______________willletthemknowmoreaboutthemoderndevelopmentofChinesearts.”saidZhuDi,headoftheministry'sartsdepartment.Thisyear'sfestivalisalsoaimedat⑩______________(promote)tourisminShanghaiwitharts.Thelocalgovernmenthasreleasedatotalof40culture-themedtravelroutestoguidevisitorsthroughShanghai'swell-knownlandmarks.答案以及解析A答案：(1)-(4)DCCA

解析：(1).细节理解题。根据第二段中ResearchersattheInternationalAgencyforResearchonCancer(IARC)foundevidencethatdrinksattemperaturesabove65C,whenswallowed,cancausecanceroftheesophagus(食道).可知,热饮可能会造成食道癌,故选D。

(2).细节理解题。根据第四段中InEuropeandtheUnitedStates,manypeopledrinkcoffeeandteaattemperaturesaround60℃.Andtheyoftenaddmilkwhichlowersthetemperaturegreatly.可知,欧洲的饮茶者喜欢添加牛奶,故选C。

(3).词义猜测题。根据第五段中TheresearchersfindthatSouthAmericansnotonlydrinktheirmateteaveryhot,theyalsodrinkitthroughametalstraw(吸管).可知,Thissendsthescaldingliquiddirectlyintothethroat.这句话的意思是通过金属吸管把很烫的液体直接送到了喉咙里,"scalding"的意思是"烫的",故选C。

(4).细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中In1991,theWorldHealthOrganizationlistedcoffeeaspossiblycarcinogenic(致癌的).TheWHOofficialshavesincechangedtheirpositiononthatlisting.可知,曾经,世界卫生组织认为咖啡会致癌,故选A。B答案：(1)-(4)DCBB

解析：(1).词义猜测题。根据第二段中的最后一句"Scientistshavebeenabletodocumentthe'private'momentsofwildlifewithleadingtechnology.(科学家们已经能够用先进的技术_______野生动物的"私人"时刻)"可知,画线词的意思是“记录”。

(2).推理判断题。根据第四段的第二句"...asthosedevicesarelimited,soistheamountofinformationtheycangatherfromGPS."可知,由于那些设备是有限的,所以他们可以从GPS上收集到的信息也是有限的。

(3).推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句"...thedeviceshavebecomepopulartoolstohelphunterslookforanimals.Somepeoplearguethatitisunfairtousethecamerasthatway."可知,这些设备已经成为帮助猎人寻找动物的工具,有些人认为那样使用照相机是不公平的。由此推测,它帮助猎人很容易地找到动物引起人们的争论。

(4).推理判断题。根据最后一段"Evenwithsuchproblems,wildcamerasareclearlyanimportantscientifictoolinresearchingwildanimals."可知,即使有这些问题,野外照相机依然是研究野生动物的重要科学工具。由此推测,作者对野外照相机持"积极的"态度。C答案：(1)-(4)ABDA

解析：(1).考查细节理解。根据第三段的内容以及第四段第一句"Suspectingtheguineafowlmighthaveasocialstructure,Dr.Farineandhiscolleaguesbeganathoroughstudyoftheirsociety"可知,鹫珠鸡独特的行为表现使Dr.Farine觉得它们可能有社会结构,所以他和他的同事开展了这项研究,故选A。

(2).考查段落大意。根据第四段的内容可知,Dr.Farine及其团队在一年内每天观察441只鹫珠鸡,并用彩带把它们区分开,还给其中58只身上装了定位设备,每天24小时观察它们的去向,由此可知,本段主要讲述了Dr.Farine及其团队所使用的研究方法,故B项正确。

(3).考查推理判断。通读全文并根据最后一段中的"Havingamultilevelstructuremaynotrequirehavingalargebrain"可推知,即使大脑很小的物种,也可能拥有多层次的社会结构,故选D。

(4).考查写作目的。本文第一段通过鹫珠鸡的行为表现引人话题,第二段介绍了研究发现,第三、四段讲述了开始研究的原因及研究方法,后四段分析了研究发现。由此可知,本文主要介绍了一项关于鹫珠鸡的研究的发现,故A项正确。D答案：1.B;2.D;3.C;4.A

解析：1.作者意图题。本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了《孙子兵法》的主要内容以及它在全球的地位和影响。

2.细节理解题。根据第三段的“SunTzuemphasizedtheimportanceofpositioninginmilitarystrategy,andthat…”,可知孙武主要强调要有战略思想。

3.推理判断题。作者在最后一段列举了一些从这部著作中获得灵感的名人,是想要证明《孙子兵法》在全球范围内的影响力。

4.推理判断题。根据“IthashadaninfluenceonEasternmilitarythinking,businesstactics,andbeyond.”可知《孙子兵法》已经被广泛应用于商业管理以及其他方面,超出了军事领域。一、.答案：

1.who/that

2.bestaged

3.Written

4.topromote

5.as

6.dynasties

7.traditional

8.a

9.significance

10.delivers

解析：【文章大意】源于威尼斯探险家在13世纪沿着古丝绸之路旅行故事的中国歌剧《马可·波罗》9月将会在意大利上演。这出歌剧传递了更多的东西,即:爱与和平。威尼斯探险家被看成友谊的象征。1【答案】who/that【解析】根据句意可知,这是定语从句。因为先行词Venetianexplorer是人,所以要填关系词who,源于威尼斯探险家在13世纪沿着古丝绸之路旅行故事的中国歌剧《马可·波罗》。2【答案】bestaged【解析】根据句意可知,句子要用被动语态(stage与opera是动宾关系),所以这里要填bestaged(will后面要跟动词原形),源于威尼斯探险家在13世纪沿着古丝绸之路旅行故事的中国歌剧《马可·波罗》9月将会在意大利上演。3【答案】Written【解析】根据句意可知,write和thework是动宾关系,所以这里要填Written表示被动关系,用中文写作,由中西方歌手表演。4【答案】topromote【解析】根据句意可知,这里要填topromote(不定式表示建立艺术平台的目的),该剧团联盟作为一个表演艺术平台,它的建立是为了促进中国和其他国家之间的文化交流。5【答案】as【解析】根据词组see....as(把.....看作),结合句意可知,这里要填as,威尼斯探险家被看成友谊的象征。6【答案】dynasties【解析】因为前面有数词two,所以这里要填名词复数dynasties,以及两个朝代的兴衰。7【答案】traditional【解析】根据句意可知,这里要填形容词traditional作定语,蒙古族音乐与西方作曲家的中国传统民间元素。8【答案】a【解析】因为sign读音是以辅音音素开头,且是可数名词单数,所以这里要填不定冠词a(表示“一”的含义),马可·波罗是一个连接文化的符号。9【答案】significance【解析】根据前面的定冠词the可知,这里要填名词significance,除了作曲对中国歌剧的意义之外。10【答案】delivers【解析】因为句子的主语theopera是单数,且谈的是现在的情况,所以要填delivers,这出歌剧传递了更多的东西,即:爱与和平。二、.答案：

1.客观填空structures

2.客观填空hasdone

3.客观填空that

4.客观填空restoring/toberestored

5.客观填空of

6.客观填空found

7.客观填空damaging

8.客观填空heavily

9.客观填空what

10.客观填空significance

解析：【文章大意】这是一篇说明文,是关于大火毁坏文化古迹的,通过介绍巴黎圣母院的大火烧毁了世界闻名的古迹,给人类敲响警钟。【小题1】答案:structures答案:考查名词复数。句意:巴黎圣母院的大火,引发了对欧洲其他教堂和文化建筑现状的疑问。Structure是可数名词,前面有thousandsof(成千上万)修饰,所以要用复数形式,故填structures。【小题2】答案:hasdone解析:考查动词时态。句中的inthepastdecades(在过去的几十年)是现在完成时态的时间标志,Europeangovernment(欧洲政府)是主语,名词单数,所以要用hasdone,故填hasdone【小题3】答案:that解析:考查固定搭配。句意:

我们对优秀文化遗产太习以为常,以至于我们忘了它也需要时不时的修复。so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”,故填that。【小题4】答案:restoring/toberestored解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:我们对文化古迹的出众太习以为常,以至于我们忘了它也需要时不时的修复。it指代culturalheritage,与restore(修复)是被动的关系,needdoing/tobedone意为“需要被…”。故填restoring/tob