初中英语宾语从句秋季个性学讲义-学生板

宾语从句宾语从句.掌握宾语从句的引导词;.掌握宾语从句的语序；.掌握宾语从句的时态。1.if/whether引导的宾语从句;2.宾语从句中语序问题。、什么是宾语？1、宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者，一般放在及物动词或介词后面。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。例1.Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语）练习1.判断下列句子的宾语成分。Ienjoyplayingbasketball.Idecidetostudyhard.Iknowhim.二、什么是宾语从句？宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。例1.WeknowYaoMing.2.Weknowthatheisafamousbasketballplayer.练习.判断下列句子，哪些句子含有宾语从句，并画出来。willtelltheteacherMarywon,tgotoschooltomorrow.Everybodyherelikestohelpeachother.Thebosssaidthatheeverwasverypoor.I’msogladthatyoucancometomybirthdayparty.Pleasetellmethetruth.三、引导词1、that引导的宾语从句that在从句中不充当任何成分，可省略。I——例.Idon,tthink(that)hewillcome.我认为他不会来。Manypeoplebelieve(that)robotswilldomostourwork.许多人相信机器人会做我们的大部分工作。练习：单项选择1、Idon'tthinkhewillkeephisword.A./B.whenC.whyD.what2、Weallknowmostforeignersdon'tusechopsticks.A.thatB.whenC.whyD.what2、whether/if引导的宾语从句whether/if引导宾语从句，在从句中不作成分，翻译为“是否”，不可省略。rYi 例：Iaskthemwhether/iftheywouldwinthematch.我问他们能否赢得这场比赛。Doyoucarewhether/ifyouwin?你对自己是否会赢很介意吗?Heaskedmewhether/ifMissLiwasateacher.他问我李小姐是否是一位老师。(2)只用whether不用if的情况□引导介词后的宾语从句时。E.g:Itdependsonwhetheritwillsnowtomorrow.这取决于明天是否会下雪。I’minterestedinwhetherhelikesEnglish.我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。口与ornot连用时。E.g:Iaskedyoursecretarywhethershecouldcomeornot我问你的秘书她是否能来。Letmeknowwhetherhehaspassedtheexamornot.让我知道他是否已通过了考试。口与不定式连用时。E.g:Ireallydon,tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.我真的不知道是接受还是拒绝。NextMondaytheteacherwilltelluswhethertohaveatest下周老师会告诉我们是否考试。□宾语从句前置，置于句首时。E.g:Whethertheycancomehereontimewedon,tknow.他们能否按时到这里，我们不知道。练习：在下列横线上填上whether或if。1、Idon,tknowhewillcomeornot.2、Marywillattendthemeeting,Idon,tcare.3、Idon,tcareMarywillattendthemeeting.4、Mrs.WhiteaskedmeIwouldgoshoppingwithher.3、疑问词引导的宾语从句疑问词包括疑问代词(what,which,who,whose)和疑问副词(when,how,where,why)。它们在宾语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等，因此不能省略。E.g:Doyouknowwhowillcomethisafternoon?你知道今天下午谁要来吗？Idon,tknowwhomyoushoulddependon.我不知道你该依靠谁。Idon,tknowwhatitis,我不知道那是什么。Couldyoutellmewhichgatewehavetogoto?(作定语)能告诉我我们得走哪个门吗？Hedidn,ttellmewhenthetrafficaccidenthadtakenplace.(作时间状语)Yourcoatlooksverynice.Couldyoutellmewhereyouboughtit?(地点状语)例：将正确答案的选项填在括号里。( )1.It'sfoggytoday.Ican'tfindoutit'samanagirl.A.if,and B.that,and C.either,or D.whether,or( )2.CouldyoutellmeifhetoBeijing?A.hasgoneB.hadgone C.went D.go( )3.Mrs.WhiteaskedmeIwouldgoshoppingwithher.A.what B.which C.whether D.that( )4.Idon'tknowtheshoescheapenough.A.if,are B.where,wasC.that,was D.if,was四、语序宾语从句的语序为陈述语序，句式为:引导词+主语+谓语+其他.。如Iwonderwhetherhewillpasstheexam.Shedoesn,tknowwheresheshouldgo.注意：当who为宾语从句的主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他。E.g:DoyouknowwhohaswonBattlefield3game?你知道是谁赢得了“战地3”的游戏吗？江］例：单项选择1、LiLeididn'ttelltheteacherwhyyesterday?A.hedidn'tcome B.didhenotcomeC.didn'thecome D.hedon'tcome2、Wedidn'tknowtovisitourschool.A.whendidhecomeB.whenwouldhecomeC.whenhecameDoyouknowwhattime.A.thetrainleave B.doesthetrainleaveC.willthetrainleave D.thetrainleaves*五、宾语从句的时态1、时态变化：宾语从句谓语动词的时态常常受到主句谓语动词的影响，简单概括为:主过从也过；'主现从而意Eg:Thepolicewomanaskedthelittleboywherehelived.这个女警询问小男孩住在哪里。Hesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthebaby.他说他要去照顾那个小孩。DoyouknowhowAmycametoschoolmorning?你知道今早艾米是怎么来上学的吗?Idon,tknowwhenhewillcomeback.我不知道他什么时候回来。Pleasetellmewhomyouwenttothegardenwiththismorning.请告诉今早和你去花园的是谁？由例：用所给词的适当形式填空。1、Lacytoldmeshe(will)helpmewithmyEnglishthisafternoon.2、Jackisn'tsurehowmanystudentshesawthere(be)inhisfather,sfactory.3、Jackisn'tsurehowmanystudentsthere(be)inhisfather,sfactorynow.2、当宾语从句表达客观事实或规律时，其时态用一般现在时。E.g:Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.老师说地球绕着太阳转。Everyoneknewthattherearesixtyminutesinanhour.每个人都知道一个小时六十分钟Theteachertoldus.A.istheearthround B.theearthwasroundC.theearthisroundD.wastheearthroundOurteacherevertoldusoneandonetwo.A.hasbeenD.wasC.is D.were、选择填空:( )1.DoyouknowIcouldpasstheexam?A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which( )2.Ithinkyouwilllikehim.A.thatB.ifC.whyD.how( )3.Hetoldmeshewouldcatchtheearlybus.A.which B.whether C.whyD.that( )4.Mrs.GreenaskedmeIwouldgowithher.A.whatB.whether C.whyD.that( )5.Idon,tknowhestillliveshere.A.whereB.what C.whenD.whether( )6.Callyoutellmewhyyesterday?A.youdidn'tcomeB.didyounotcomeC.didn'tyoucomeD.youdon'tcome( )7.Idon,tknowhewillcometomorrow.hecomes,I,lltellyou.A.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;if( )8.Jackisn'tsurestudentsthereareinhisclass.A.howmany B.what C.which D.whether( )9.Canyoutellmeyesterday?A.whattheydo B.whattheydidC.whatdotheydo D.whatdidtheydo( )10.Iwanttoknowhishomeworkyesterdayevening.A.ifhefinished B.whetherhehadfinishedC.hadshefinishedD.hasshefinished( )11.Doyouknowwhatthistimeyesterday?A.theyaredoing B.aretheydoingD.theyweredoing D.weretheydoing( )12.Excuseme,canyoutellme?A.whywasthetrainlateB.whythetrainwaslateC.whyisthetrainlateD.whythetrainislate( )13.Iwanttoknowiftheythespringsportsmeetingnextmonth.Iftheyit,Imustgetreadyforit.A.hold;willholdB.willhold;holdC.hold;holdD.willhold;willhold( )14.Hewantedtoknowhowlonginhospital.A.sheisstayingB.shehadstayedC.didshestayD.shestay( )15.Mybrothersaidhegoinghisfriendthenextday.A.was,tomeet B.wouldgo,hasC.willgo,wasgoingto D.willgo,will( )16.HetoldmethathetoLondonthenextday.A.wouldgoB.go C.went D.hasgone( )17.Hesaidthatlightmuchfasterthansound.A.traveled B.willtravelC.travelsD.istraveling( )18.Ourteachersaidthatthemoonaroundtheearth.A.turn B.turnedC.hasturnedD.turns( )19.HesaidthatAprilthemonthofayear.A.is,third B.is,fourthC.was,fourthD.was,third()20.Doyouknow?A.isitwhosepen B.whosepenisitC.whosepenitis D.itiswhosepen二、用合适的连接词填空。Jimtoldmehedidn'tgofishingyesterdayafternoon.(how,why)Doyouknowelseisgoingtobeondutytoday?(who,whom)Shesaiditwouldn'tmattermuch.(that,if)Healwaysthinkshecandobetter.(how,who)Theydon'tknowtogoorwait.(if,whether)Wearetalkingaboutwe'llgobacktomorrow.(whether,if)IwasreallysurprisedatIsaw.(where,what)Idon'tknowsomanypeoplearelookingathim.(how,why)三、用所给动词的正确形式填空。1、Mikeaskedmeifwe(ask)anyquestionsthenextclass.2、ComradeWangdidn'tknowifthere(be)onEnglisheveningthatday.3、Pleasetellmeifshe(come)againnexttime.4、Hetoldmehe(help)herwithhermathsthenextevening.5、Shesaidthey(know)eachotherforquitesometime.四.按要求转换句型。DoesMr.BrownenjoylivinginChina?Couldyoutellus?(改写句子)一CouldyoutellusMr.BrownlivinginChina?"Doesthegirlneedanyhelp?” heaskedme.(变为复合句)一Heaskedmethegirlsomehelp.Whendoesthetrainleave?Iwanttoknow.(改为含宾语从句的复合句)Iwanttoknowthetrain.Theywenthomeaftertheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.(用not...Until改写)Theygohometheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.(改为含宾语从句的复合句)LiLeiwantstoknowPeterhereyesterday.五、根据句子所给的汉语意思完成句子。.我听说他一个小时后会回来。Ihearthathe..他说他非常想念我们。Hesaidthat..老师告诉我们地球围绕太阳转。Theteachertoldusthat...我想知道他是否跟我我们一起去公园。Iwanttoknow .问问他是否能来。Askhim.、单项选择Canyoutellmeyouwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.thatIdon'tknowtheyhavepassedtheexam.A.WhatB.ifC.whenD.whereIhardlyunderstand.hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whoShedidn'tknowbacksoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbeIdon'tknowhestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.whenDoyouknowtheylistenedtoyesterdayevening?A.whatB.whenC.whyD.howHeaskedmetoldmetheaccident.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whoseIwastoldBillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.（重庆市）A.t