【创新设计】高考英语总复习 81Unit 1 The written word（江苏专用）

Unit1ThewrittenwordⅠ.单词默写1．classic

adj经典的，古典的n．经典作品，名著2．abuse

vt.虐待；辱骂；滥用3．generous

adj慷慨的，大方的4．abnormal

adj不正常的，反常的，异常的5．reform

vt.，vi.&n.(使)改过自新，改造；改革，改良6．antiaue

n.古董，古物7．criminal

n.罪犯8．violent

adj.暴力的，粗暴的；猛烈的，强烈的9．exhibit

vt.展览，展出，陈列10．rescue

n．，vi.&vt.救援，营救11．adaptation

n.somethingadaptedortheprocessofadapting12．civil

adj.politeenough，withoutbeingfriendly13．talent

n.aspecialnaturalability14．overnight

adv.fororduringthenight15．stress

vt.togiveparticularimportancetoamatterwhentalkingorwritingaboutitⅡ.词汇拓展1．harmn．伤害，损害，危害；邪恶，恶行→harmful

adj有害的→harmless

adj无害的2．fortunen．财富；运气；好运→fortunate

adj幸运的→fortunately

adv.幸运地→misfortune

n．不幸3．settlevt.使定居；安顿，安放；解决(问题等)→settlement

n．→settler

n．移民4．comparev．比较，相比→comparison

n．比较→comparative

adj比较性的5．resistvi.&vt.抵抗，反抗，抵制→resistant

adj抵抗的→resistance

n．抵抗语境助记——词不离句，句不离段Hehadgreatstresstotheexhibition，forhiscompanionshadstrongresistanceagainsthisreformatfirst，butthefortunebringshimgoodreputationandmakesthemtendtowardsit.

Ⅲ.短语落实1．liveupto达到，符合(期望)2．bebenton(doing)something决心要做某事3．cometoone'srescue救援/帮助某人4．havenothingtodowirh和……无关5．giveup放弃5．giveup放弃6．tooeagertodosth非常渴望做……7．appealto吸引8．getarrested被捕9．letout放出，发泄，泄露10．compare...to...把……比作……Ⅳ.句子翻译1．Pip'ssisteroftenabuseshim，butJoeisakindandsimpleman，whowouldratherdiethanseeanyharmcometoPip.(Page3)皮普的姐姐经常虐待他，但乔却是一个善良淳朴的人，他宁愿死也不愿看到皮普受到任何伤害。2．ThischangeinPipiscalkedcharacterdevelopment，whichisanimportantpartofalmostanynovel.(Page3)这种变化叫作性格改善，几乎是任何小说的重要组成部分。3．Moneyandeducationchangehim，andbeforelonghebecomesvainandashamedofhisbackground.(Page3)金钱和教育改变了他，不久他变得自负且羞于自己的背景。4．它们并没有消失，并且在当今世界仍占有一席之地。(Page2)Theyhavenotdisappearedandstillhaveaplaceintheworldtoday.5．他同情奥立弗(Oliver)，把他带回家，并试图去改造他。(Page9)HepitiesOliver，takeshimhomeandtriestoreformhim.Ⅴ.教材设题句型转换(每空不超过3个单词)A．Thismakesthemdifficultforsomepeopletoread，andoften，sotheyareoftenlefttogatherdustonshelves.(教材P2)→Thismakesthemdifficultforsomepeopletoread，andoften，theyareoftenleftdusty/leftgatheringdust/coveredwithdustonshelves.B．Nobodywouldbothertomaketheseclassicnovelsintofilmsiftheyhadnothingtodowithlifetoday.(教材P2)→Nobodywouldbothertomaketheseclassicnovelsintofilmsifnotreferringto/notdealingwith/notrelatedto/notconnectedwithlifetoday.C．Hefirstpullishedmanynovelsonechapteratatimeinthenewspaper，andsomewerelaterperformedonstage.(教材P2)→He…thenewspaper，someofwhich/ofwhichsomewerelaterperformedonstage.D．PeoplesaythatBurn'sfirstloveencourgedhimtowritepoetry.(教材P14)→PeoplesaythatitwasBurn'sfirstlovethatencouragedhimtowritepoetry.E．Thepoemwaspublishedin1794and，likemanyofBurns'spoems，itwasintendedtobeasong.(教材P14)→Thepoem,intendedfor/designedfor/aimedatbeingasonglikemanyofBurns'spoems，waspublishedin1794.【课本原句】Dopeoplestillreadbooksintheirsparetime?(P1)人们在业余时间仍然阅读书籍吗？spareadj.多余的；少量的inone'ssparetime＝inone'sfreetime＝atone‘sleisure在某人的空闲时间sparetire备胎

sparesbtime为某人匀出时间sparenoexpense 不惜费用sparenoeffort(todo) 不遗余力地(去做)sparesbthetroubleof 不想麻烦某人spareone'slife 饶某人一命【联想拓展】①我们抽出时间、空间和爱给予狗，而狗回报给我们的是他们的全部。(2010·江西卷·单项填空)Wegivedogstime，spaceandlovewecanspare，andinreturn，dogsgiveustheirall.②Ofthetwocoats，I'dchoosethecheaperoneto________somemoneyforabook.(2012·湖南石门一中高三摸底考试)A．shareB．spareC．lend D．spend

答案B——看看高考怎么考③Somepassengerscomplainthatitusually________solongtofillintravelinsurancedocuments.(2012·株洲二中月考)A．costsB．takesC．spendsD．spares答案B

④Thehomeimprovementshavetakenwhatlittlethereis________mysparetime.(2012·永州四中第一次月考)A．fromB．inC．ofD．at答案C【课本原句】...averygenerousstangergivesPipalargefortune.(P3)……一位非常慷慨的陌生人给了皮普一大笔钱。

fortunen．财富；运气，幸运bygood/badfortune 幸好/不幸tellone'sfortune 算命makeafortune 发财seekone'sfortune 碰运气，找出路comeintoafortune (因继承等而)得到财产havefortuneonone'sside 福星高照fortunateadj 幸运的，吉利的【联想拓展】①在澳大利亚发现黄金这件事使成千上万的人相信(他们)注定会发大财。ThediscoveryofgoldinAustralialedthousandstobelievethatafortunewastobemade.(2010·全国Ⅰ·单项填空32)翻译句子②通过看手相，她能算出你的命运。Shecanyou’reyourfortunebyexaminingyourhands.——看看高考怎么考句型转换③Sheisfortunateinhavingagoodhusband.＝Sheisfortunatetohaveagoodhusband.＝Itisfortunatethatshehasagoodhusband.＝Fortunately，shehasagoodhusband.＝Bygoodfortune，shehasagoodhusband.＝Shehasthegoodfortunetohaveagoodhusband.【课本原句】...pressuringhimwiththethreatofviolenceifheresists.(P9)如果他反抗，(他们)就的暴力威胁的方式向他施加压力．

resistv.抵抗，反抗，抵制【联想拓展】resist(doing)sth 抵制(做)某事resist(the)temptation 抵抗诱惑putupresistance(to…) 进行(对……的)抵抗beresistantto… 对……抵制resistancen. 反抗；抵制resistantadj. 对……有抵抗力的；抵抗……的①Mooteesaysmanypeopleresistgoingfortreatmentbecausetheyfeartheyare“crazy”．Mootee说很多人抵制进行治疗，因为他们害怕他们会“疯狂”。完成句子②Therehasbeenalotofresistancetothisnewlaw.反对这一部新法律的人很多。③Iwasintheirpower，andknewitwaspointlesstoresist.我在他们股掌之中，知道抗拒毫无意义。——看看高考怎么考【课本原句】Oliver

Twist，David

Copperfield

and

Great

Expectationsareprobablyhisbest­knownworks.(P2)《雾都孤儿》、《大卫·科波菲尔》和《远大前程》可能是他最广为人知的作品。workn．作品，著作；工作，劳动；工作成果，产品

v．工作，劳动；运转，起作用，操作；造成，产生workas...当……；做……工作workat/on 从事于，致力于workout算出，理解，制定出；想出，解决；产生结果；锻炼atwork在工作inwork/outofwork在业/失业【联想拓展】【注意】(1)work作“作品，著作”讲时，是可数名词，可以说awork一部著作，twoworks两部著作。(2)works作“工厂”讲时，单数和复数同形，可以说achemicalworks一家化工厂。(3)work作“工作”讲时，只能用作不可数名词，“一项工作”可以说：apieceofwork。翻译句子①在我们制定计划之前，我们最好详细地讨论一切。We'dbetterdiscusseverythingindetailbeforeweworkouttheplan.(2011·江苏卷·单项填空32)②Youcan'tpredicteverything.Oftenthingsdon't______asyouexpect.A．runout B．breakoutC．workout D．putout答案C——看看高考怎么考③Althoughthewomanworkedinasteel______，shewroteseveral______inhersparetime.(2012·湖南醴陵一中月考)A．work；work B．works；workC．work；works D．works；works答案D【课本原句】...hewillhavenorealfamilyandnoneofthelovehedeserves.(P4)他将没有实际家庭，也得不到任何的爱。deservevt.值得；应得；应受

deserve＋v.­ing/tobedone...值得被……deservesth应得某物deserveconsideration/attention值得考虑/注意deserveto_dosth应该/值得做某事getwhatyoudeserve罪有应得deserveit(口)自作自受，活该【联想拓展】翻译句子①如果做错事，你应当受罚。Ifyoudowrong，youdeservepunishment/tobepunished/punishing.②她应该成功。Shedeservestosucceed.——看看高考怎么考【课本原句】...hehadlittletalentforsoccer.(P11)……他对足球几乎没有什么天赋．

talent

n[U.C]．天资，才识，人才【联想拓展】showtalent 显示才能averagetalent 普通才能havea/muchtalentformusic 具有音乐才能creative/toptalent 创新人才/顶尖人才辨析genius/gift/talent三者都可表示“天才，才能”。(1)genius“天才”，语气较强，主要指智力方面具有极其特殊和非凡的能力，含有独创和创造的意味，尤其指在艺术和科学方面从而大大超过不同时代的人。(2)gift强调人天生具有的能力和品质，通常指大自然授予的，不需努力便可获得，同时不一定具有创造性；也可作“礼物”讲。(3)talent主要指某一方面(如音乐、美术等)具有的“天资、才能”，具有talent的人往往需要后天的努力和教育去获得知识和能力，才能成为真正具有talent的人。Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaitingtobediscovered.(2010·江西·单项填空32)在外面有许多有才华的演员等着被发现。翻译句子1．他有音乐才能。Hehasatalentformusic.2．他是一个多才多艺的人。Hewasamanofmanytalents.——看看高考怎么考【课本原句】Pressuringhimwiththethreatofviolenceifheresists.(P9)如果他抗拒的话，就以暴力威胁对他施压。pressurevt.对……施加压力，迫使

n．压力，挤压，强大的影响【联想拓展】putpressureonsb(todosth)给某人施加压力(做某事)；迫使某人(做某事)underpressure有压力的，在压力下pressuresbtodosth/intodoingsth迫使某人做某事①Healsogavemesomepressures(pressure)ondressingandspeaking.Ihandedoutmyresumeandwenthomefeelingverydisappointed.(2011·安徽卷·完形填空)②Canyouworkunderpressure？(在压力下)③Wedon'twantto______pressure______youtomakeadecision，butwehaven'tmuchtimeleft.

(2012·湖南隆回一中月考)A．put；toB．place；onC．put；onD．place；to答案C——看看高考怎么考【课本原句】Threeyearslater，in1998，amodernadaptationofCharliesDicken'snovelGreatExpectationsappearedincinemas.(P2)三年后，1998年，查理·狄更斯小说《远大前程》现代版被搬上银幕。

adaptation

n．改编，改写；适应，改变adaptvt.较适应，较适合；改编；改写adapt...to 较……适应He'sworkinginascreenadaptationofhislatestnovel.他正在把他最新小说改编成电视剧。Shewasresponsiblefortheadaptationofthebook.她负责改编这本书。【联想拓展】①Hetriedhardtoadapthimself(使自己适应)tothenewconditions.②Theauthorisgoingtoadapt(改编他的剧本)hisscriptfortelevision.③Hehasnotyetadaptedto(适应)theclimate.——看看高考怎么考【课本原句】Thepoetryofthisperiodtendstouseimaginationandtouchonstrongfeelings.(P14)这个时期的诗歌往往利用想象而强烈感人。

tendvi.趋向，倾向；照料，照管(某人/物)；在(商铺、酒吧等)中接待顾客tendtodosth易于/往往会做某事(尤指不好或恼人的事)tendtowards...有……的趋势，倾向于……tendto 照料，照顾；接待tendencyn. 倾向，趋势【联想拓展】①Perhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisthisgenetictendency(遗传倾向)toexpandwhereverpossible.(2011·江西卷·阅读理解D)②Examplesincludethecoloroftheteen'shair，thecleanlinessofthebedroom，thepreferredstyleofclothing，thechild'sfailuretoeatagoodbreakfastbeforeschool，orhistendencytosleep_(喜欢睡觉)untilnoonontheweekends.(2010·湖北卷·阅读理解B)——看看高考怎么考

③Hismotherwasillandhehadtotendtoher(他得照顾她)．④Thesortofmusichelistenstovaries，but______popularmusic.(2011·长沙市一中月考)A．tendedto B．tendstowardsC．tendedat D．tendsat答案B【课本原句】Pip'ssisteroftenabuseshim，butJoeisakindandsimpleman，whowouldratherdiethanseeanyharmcometoPip.(P3)皮普的姐姐经常虐待他，但乔却是一个淳朴善良的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。

wouldrather

宁愿，宁可wouldrather(not)dosth宁愿(不)做某事wouldratherdo...thando...宁愿……而不愿……wouldrathersbdidsth宁愿某人做某事wouldrathersbhaddonesth宁愿(过去)某人已做了某事prefertodoratherthando...喜欢做……胜过做……ratherthan 而不是otherthan 除了orrather 更确切地说

【联想拓展】a．IfIhadtogiveuponeofthem,IwouldturnofftheTVratherthanswitchoffmycellphoneorcutofftheInternet.b．IfIhadtogiveuponeofthem,IwouldpreferturningofftheTVtoswitchingoffmycellphoneorcuttingofftheInternet.c．IfIhadtogiveuponeofthem,I'dratherturnofftheTVthanswitchoffmycellphoneorcutofftheInternet.d．Weusuallygreetotherswithanodandasmiletothemratherthanhuggingthemorkissingthemonthecheek.

——满分作文之佳句①Hesaidhewouldrathernot______itrightaway.(2012·湖南祁东育贤中学月考)A．doing B．todoC．do D．tobedoing答案C——看看高考怎么考②I______dependonMaryuntilIamquitesurethatsheistrustworthy.

(2012·湖南石齐学校月考)A．wouldrathernot B．wouldratherC．wouldn'trather D．wouldratherto答案A③－IamtakingmysontoLaosforsightseeing.－Iwouldratheryou______that，forthebirdfluhasclai