写作专题：第6周-非谓语动词的写作

第六周非谓语动词的写作众所周知，作文中出现过多的简单句会让人觉得单调乏味，句子与句子之间的关系显得松散；而文章中过多地出现复合句又显得累赘，读起来费劲。恰当地运用非谓语动词对简单句和复合句进行转换，不仅句型多样，句子活泼，而且读起来结构紧凑，言简意明。一、运用非谓语动词转换简单句写作时，我们可以利用非谓语动词对两个简单句进行转换，使其成为较高级的表达方式。转换时可采用三步法。eq\x(\a\al(第一步：写出两个简单句。,第二步：找准两个简单句的对接点，让一个句子作为主干，另一个句子用非谓语动词进行改写。,第三步：判断应用何种非谓语动词，把握好时态和语态，最后连接起来。))[示例]第一步：写出两个简单句。①Ifeelquitesorryforthat.②Ibegintothinkaboutwhattodotohelp.第二步：让句②作主句，用非谓语动词改写句①。第三步：句①表示原因，其动词feel与主语I之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作原因状语。Feelingquitesorryforthat,Ibegintothinkaboutwhattodotohelp.(2013·陕西高考满分作文)其他几个转换的例子如下：1．另一方面，我将帮着建立英语角，提供给我们学生一个练习英语口语的平台。Ontheotherhand,IwillhelpsetuptheEnglishcorner.IwillprovideusstudentsaplatformtopracticeouroralEnglish.→Ontheotherhand,IwillhelpsetuptheEnglishcorner,providingusstudentsaplatformtopracticeouroralEnglish.(2013·天津高考满分作文)(现在分词作状语)2．这儿的人都喜欢汤姆写的那本小说。Allthepeopleherelikethenovel.ItiswrittenbyTom.→AllthepeopleherelikethenovelwrittenbyTom.(过去分词作定语)3．我们应该多讲英语。我们认为这是很重要的。WeshouldspeakmoreEnglish.Wethinkitisveryimportant.→WethinkitveryimportanttospeakmoreEnglish.(it作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语)[即时演练]运用非谓语动词转换简单句1．Weweretouchedbytheteacher'swords.Wedecidedtoworkhard.(用过去分词作状语)Touched_by_the_teacher's_words,_we_decided_to_work_hard.2．Ididn'treceiveherletter.Ihadtowriteagain.(用现在分词作状语)Not_having_received_her_letter,_I_had_to_write_again.3．Theboycametoschoollateagain.Thismadetheteacherveryangry.(用动名词作主语)The_boy's_coming_to_school_late_again_made_the_teacher_very_angry.4．Theboysweremakingthemostoftime.Theywantedtofinishtheworkearlier.(用不定式作目的状语)The_boys_were_making_the_most_of_time_(so_as)_to_finish_the_work_earlier.5．Isawanoldgranny.Shelayontheground.Iwentovertohelpher.(用现在分词作状语)Seeing_an_old_granny_lying_on_the_ground,_I_went_over_to_help_her.二、运用非谓语动词转换复合句用非谓语动词转换复合句比转换简单句要容易一些，因为需转换的一般是从句部分，这时只需要判断用何种非谓语动词，再把握好时态和语态即可，所以只需两步。[示例]第一步：写出复合句。Afterwehadpracticedplayingbasketballforalmosttwomonths,westronglydesiredtobethewinner.第二步：把after引导的时间状语从句转换为非谓语动词，practice与we之间为主谓关系，且表示完成，故用现在分词的完成时作状语。→Havingpracticedplayingbasketballforalmosttwomonths,westronglydesiredtobethewinner.(2013·湖南高考满分作文)其他几个转换的例子如下：1．惊诧于他们的熟练程度，我决心要像他们一样好。BecauseIwasamazedathowskillfultheywere,Ideterminedtobejustasgood.→Amazedathowskillfultheywere,Ideterminedtobejustasgood.(2013·浙江高考满分作文)(过去分词作状语)2．看到一辆车朝她而来，我伸出手把她拉了回来。WhenIsawacarrunningtowardsher,Ireachedmyhandoutandpulledherback.→Seeingacarrunningtowardsher,Ireachedmyhandoutandpulledherback.(2013·安徽高考满分作文)(现在分词作状语)3．这里曾有一家化肥厂，位于城市的南边。它每天释放出大量有毒气体，污染环境。Therewasalargefactory,whichproducedfertilizer.Everydayitgaveoutalotofpoisonousgas,whichpollutedtheenvironment.→Therewasalargefactory,whichproducedfertilizer.Everydayitgaveoutalotofpoisonousgas,pollutingtheenvironment.简析：“原句”中分别由which引导两个定语从句，重复且单调，将第二个定语从句转换为现在分词短语作状语后，不仅表达多样，而且言简意明。4．由于老师的帮助，我的英语进步很大。因为我的英语进步很大，我确信我能考上更好的大学。Becausemyteacherhelpsme,myEnglishhasgreatlyimproved.BecausemyEnglishhasgreatlyimproved,I'msureIwillgotoabetteruniversity.→Withmyteacherhelpingme,myEnglishhasgreatlyimproved.BecausemyEnglishhasgreatlyimproved,I'msureIwillgotoabetteruniversity.简析：“原句”两处重复出现由because引导的从句，读起来很别扭。换用“with＋现在分词的复合结构”后，读起来给人的感觉大不一样。[即时演练]运用非谓语动词转换复合句1．Assoonastheysawafewpeoplestillintheburninghouse,theyrushedintoittosavethemwithouthesitation.→On_seeing_a_few_people_still_in_the_burning_house,_theyrushedintoittosavethemwithouthesitation.2．Wethinkitisnecessarythatmiddleschoolstudentsshouldlearnaforeignlanguageandwealsothinkthatitispossiblethattheycanmasterone.→Wethinkitisnecessarythatmiddleschoolstudentsshouldlearnaforeignlanguageandwealsothinkit_possible_for_them_to_master_one.3．Itookpartinthemeeting,whichwasheldinBeijinglastFriday.Itwasveryinstructive,whichwashostedbyamanagerwhocametoourcompanyyesterday.→Itookpartinthemeetingheld_in_BeijinglastFriday.Itwasveryinstructive,whichwashostedbyamanagercoming_to_our_companyyesterday.4．Motherwenttoworkinahurry,andshedidn'thavebreakfast.Shewasasbusyasabeethesedaysandcamebackhomeverylate.→Motherwenttoworkinahurrywithout_having_breakfast.Shewasasbusyasabeethesedays,coming_back_home_very_late.三、运用非谓语动词转换短文(根据一般表达写出该短文的高级表达)北京市有大量的出租车司机，他们每天全心全意地为乘客服务，对北京市的交通发挥着重要作用。他们起早贪黑，赚钱养家糊口。有一次，我下车时不小心把手机忘在了车上，但当我和司机同志联系上之后，他立即开车把手机送到了我的家门口，让我感动不已。一般表达：TherearealargenumberoftaxidriversinBeijing.Theyservepassengersheartandsoul.TheyplayanimportantpartinthetrafficofBeijing.Theymakesomemoney.Theyworkfromdawntillnight.Oneday,IleftmycellphoneinthetaxiItook.Igotintouchwiththedriver.Hedrovetomyhomeandgaveitbacktome.Iwasveryexcited.高级表达：TherearealargenumberoftaxidriversinBeijing,servingpassengersheartandsoulandplayinganimportantpartinthetrafficofBeijing.Inordertomakesomemoneytosupporttheirfamilies,theyworkfromdawntillnight.Oneday,IgotoutofthetaxiinahurrywithmycellphoneleftinthetaxiItook.Onhearingwhathadhappened,thetaxidriverdrovetomyhomeasfastaspossibleandgavethecellphonebacktome.Seeingmycellphoneagain,Iwastooexcitedtosayaword.[即时演练]运用非谓语动词转换短文大城市里高楼大厦林立，房价越来越高。一方面，很多人无房居住，另一方面，大量房子却卖不出去。不少人即使买了一套住房，恐怕也要一辈子辛辛苦苦工作来还银行贷款。我们希望政府采取措施，关心这些收入不高的人群。一般表达：Therearemoreandmoretallbuildingsinbigcities.Theirpricesaregoingupdaybyday.Ononehand,therearestilllotsofpeople.Theyhavenohousestolivein.Ontheotherhand,manyapartmentsarehardtobesoldout.Evenifyoubuyanapartment,I'mafraidyouhavetopayoffthemoneyyouborrowfromthebank.Youwillworkharddayandnightallyourlife.Idohopeourgovernmentcantakestrongmeasurestosolvethehousingproblemandtakecareofthepeople.Theirincomesarelow.高级表达：Therearemoreandmoretallbuildingsinbigcities,withtheirpricesgoingupdaybyday.Ononehand,therearestilllotsofpeoplehavingnohousestolivein.Ontheotherhand,manyapartmentsarehardtobesoldout.Evenifyouhaveboughtanapartment,I'mafraidyouhavetotrytopayoffthemoneyborrowedfromthebank,workingharddayandnightallyourlife.Idohopeourgovernmentcantakestrongmeasurestosolvethehousingproblem,showinggreatconcernforthepeoplewhoseincomesarenothighenough.[综合演练提升]请按以下内容要点写一篇英语短文，尽可能多地使用非谓语动词。1．在阴历1月1日庆贺中国的阴历(lunar)年，也被称作春节，受到全世界所有中国人的喜爱。2．像世界上许多其他人一样，中国喜欢庆贺他们传统的节日和春天的到来。3．在春节，大部分中国人更愿意待在家里，吃大餐、与家人聊天；其他一些人可能会去走访朋友或者度长假。4．另外，人们会在新年的到来之际说“新年快乐”以表达良好的祝愿。5．这也是孩子们的节日，