2023年中考英语能力拓展训练时事热点-阅读理解（3）脱贫攻坚课件

时事热点-阅读理解（3）脱贫攻坚阅读原文11Poverty(贫困)isabigproblemaroundtheworld.ButChinahasdoneagoodjobofdealingwithitandithasfounditsownwaytofightpoverty.Insteadofjustgivingmoneytopoorpeople,ithastriedtoeducatepeopleandgivethemthetoolstheyneedtoliftthemselvesoutofpoverty.Ordinary(普通的)peopleplayabigroleinthefight.Herearetwoofthem.ZhangGuimeihasbeenhelpinggirlspursue(追求)educationsinceshetraveledtoYunnanattheageof17.Asateacher,Zhangwasheartbrokenwhenshesawherstudentsquitschoolafterfinishingseniorhighschool.Theycouldn’tgotocollegebecausetheirfamiliescouldn’taffordit.Soin2008,Zhangstartedafreeschoolforpoorgirls.Sincethen,Zhanghasbeenbusyaskingfordonationstoprovidemoneyfortheschool.Shehasconvincedparentstosendtheirdaughtersbacktoschool.Theschoolhassentmorethan1,800studentstouniversitiesandcolleges.WhenMaoXianglinstartedtoworkasthePartysecretaryofhisvillage,therewasonlyonepathwayoutofthevillageformanyyears.Heledmorethan100villagerstobuildaroadwiththeirhands.Ittookthemsevenyearstobuildaneight-kilometerroad.Maothenencouragedthevillagerstogroworanges.Lastyear,theirorangeyield(产量)wasnearly40tons.Youngpeoplehavereturnedtothevillagetosellorangesonline.Bytheendof2019,269villagershadbeenliftedoutofpoverty.Thepercapitalincome(人均收入)reached12,670yuan,40timesmorethaninthe1990s.Overthelasteightyears,98.99millionruralpeoplehavebeenliftedoutofpoverty.The832counties(县)and128,000villageswhichthesepeopleliveinarenolongerinpoverty.Chinahasbeenresponsibleforreducing70percentofpovertyworld-widesincethelate1970s.精讲解析11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“convinced”meaninParagraph2?A．说服 B．允许 C．解释 D．提醒1．词义猜测题。根据“Theycouldn’tgotocollegebecausetheirfamiliescouldn’taffordit.Soin2008,Zhangstartedafreeschoolforpoorgirls.”及“Shehasconvincedparentstosendtheirdaughtersbacktoschool”可知，这些家庭无法负担女孩们去上学，所以创办了免费的学校之后，张桂梅说服这些女孩的家长送她们返回学校，所以划线单词表示“说服”，故选A。本文介绍了中国在脱贫攻坚战中取得了胜利，文中具体描述了两个典型事例：张桂梅为贫困女生开办免费学校；毛相林带领100多名村民用手修路致富。精讲解析12．WhatdoyouknowaboutMaoXianglinaccordingtothetext?A．Heworksasateacherinthevillage. B．Heencouragedthevillagerstoselloranges.C．Hedidtwothingstohelpthevillagers. D．Heledvillagerstobuildaroadwithsometools.2．细节理解题。根据“Heledmorethan100villagerstobuildaroadwiththeirhands…Maothenencouragedthevillagerstogroworanges”可知，毛相林为村民们做了两件事，一件是带领村民修路，另一件是鼓励村民们种橘子，故选C。本文介绍了中国在脱贫攻坚战中取得了胜利，文中具体描述了两个典型事例：张桂梅为贫困女生开办免费学校；毛相林带领100多名村民用手修路致富。精讲解析13．篇章结构题。根据整个文章的理解可知，第一段主要是总体指出中国在脱贫攻坚方面取得的成就；第二、三段分别举例张桂梅和毛相林的事例；第四段再次总结脱贫方面取得的成绩，故选B。本文介绍了中国在脱贫攻坚战中取得了胜利，文中具体描述了两个典型事例：张桂梅为贫困女生开办免费学校；毛相林带领100多名村民用手修路致富。3．What’stherightstructure(结构)ofthetext?（①=Paragraph1)精讲解析14．Whatisthepurposeofusingthenumbersinthelastparagraph?A．Topraisethespiritofmodelworkers.B．Toshowgreatachievementsagainstpoverty.C．Tospreadthewaysoffightingagainstpoverty.D．Todescribetheexperiencesoflightingagainstpoverty.4．推理判断题。根据“Overthelasteightyears,98.99millionruralpeoplehavebeenliftedoutofpoverty…Chinahasbeenresponsibleforreducing70percentofpovertyworld-widesincethelate1970s”可知，使用列数字的方式是为了说明中国在脱贫道路上取得的成绩，故选B。本文介绍了中国在脱贫攻坚战中取得了胜利，文中具体描述了两个典型事例：张桂梅为贫困女生开办免费学校；毛相林带领100多名村民用手修路致富。精讲解析15．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．Theteacherhelpedthepoorareasoutofpovertybygivingmaterials.B．Thepercapitalincomeinthevillagewasmorethan￥500inthe1990s.C．Theyoungpeoplewhostayedinthevillagegreworangesinthepast.D．ZhangGuimeihasbeenhelpinggirlspursueeducationforover40years.5．推理判断题。根据“ZhangGuimeihasbeenhelpinggirlspursue(追求)educationsinceshetraveledtoYunnanattheageof17”可知，她从17岁开始就帮助女孩们接受教育，结合常识可知张桂梅64岁，所以说她帮助女孩们接受教育已经40多年了，故选D。本文介绍了中国在脱贫攻坚战中取得了胜利，文中具体描述了两个典型事例：张桂梅为贫困女生开办免费学校；毛相林带领100多名村民用手修路致富。阅读原文22ShashiyuwasonceapoorvillageinHebeiProvince,butnowithaschangedintoarichandlivableplace.Inthe1940s,villagersinShashiyuhadlittlefoodandfewclothes,buttheyhadastrongwishforabetterlife.ZhangGuishun,thePartysecretaryofShashiyu,encouragedhisvillagerstodotheirbesttopullthemselvesoutofpoverty.“IntheancientChinesestory,YuGongcouldmovemountainswithhisstrongwillandhardwork,whycan’twe?Nobodywasborntobepoor?”Hearinghiswords,thevillagersdecidedtomakeadifference.LedbytheCommunistPartyofChina(中国共产党),thevillagerscarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagefromfarawayplacestoimprovetheirland.From1966to1971,theyreclaimed(开垦)lotsoflandandgreatlyimprovedtheirlife.However,thevillageencounteredanewproblemtwodecadeslaterastheenvironmentbecameheavilypollutedbychemicalplantsandminerefineriesbuiltin1990s.Thepollutingfactorieswereshutdownin2004,andvillagersstartedgrapecultivation,whichsoonbecameamainindustryinShashiyu.In2009,thecity-levelgovernmentinvestedover1millionyuan($152,723)tochangethevillage’sexhibitionhallintoamuseuminmemoryofdevelopmenteffortsmadebyearliergenerations.After10years,thevillagewascalled“NationalForestVillage”.Zhangsaidthatthevillagestartedayearlytourismfestivalin2015toattracttravelerstopickgrapes.“ThegrapescouldbesoldatabetterpriceonceShashiyubecomesfamousthroughthisfestival.Ourvillagerscanthenliveevenbetterlives,”hesaid.精讲解析21．WhydidZhangGuishunusethestoryofYuGongtoencouragethevillagers?A．BecauseYuGonghadstrongwillandhardwork.B．BecauseYuGongwasbornpoortoo.C．BecausethevillagersworshipedYuGong.D．BecauseYuGongbecamerichatlast.1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数两句““IntheancientChinesestory,YuGongcouldmovemountainswithhisstrongwillandhardwork,whycan’twe?Nobodywasborntobepoor?”Hearinghiswords,thevillagersdecidedtomakeadifference.”可知，张贵顺用愚公的故事来激励村民是因为愚公意志坚强，工作努力。故选A。本文主要记叙了河北省的一个贫困村——沙市峪在中国共产党脱贫攻坚的正确领导下，在全体村民的共同努力下，发生了翻天覆地的变化的故事。精讲解析22．From1966to1971,whatdidthevillagersdotoimprovetheirlivingsituation?________A．Theyplantedgrapestoearnmoney.B．Theycarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagetoimprovetheirlands.C．Theymovedtoanotherplacetoliveabetterlife.D．Theybuiltalotoffactories.2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句“LedbytheCommunistPartyofChina(中国共产党),thevillagerscarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagefromfarawayplacestoimprovetheirland.”可知，从1966年到1971年，村民们把水和土壤运到他们的村庄改善土地来改善他们的生活状况。故选B。本文主要记叙了河北省的一个贫困村——沙市峪在中国共产党脱贫攻坚的正确领导下，在全体村民的共同努力下，发生了翻天覆地的变化的故事。精讲解析23．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“LedbytheCommunistPartyofChina(中国共产党),thevillagerscarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagefromfarawayplacestoimprovetheirland.From1966to1971,theyreclaimed(开垦)lotsoflandandgreatlyimprovedtheirlife.””及第五段“andvillagersstartedgrapecultivation,whichsoonbecameamainindustryinShashiyu.”可推理出，沙石峪的村民是很勤奋的。故选A。本文主要记叙了河北省的一个贫困村——沙市峪在中国共产党脱贫攻坚的正确领导下，在全体村民的共同努力下，发生了翻天覆地的变化的故事。3．Whichwordcanbeusedtodescribethevillagers?________A．Hard-working. B．Lazy. C．Kind-hearted. D．Stupid.精讲解析14．Wherecanyouprobablyreadthepassage?________A．Inastorybook.B．Inasportsmagazine.C．Inanewspaper.D．Inasciencebook.4．推理判断题。短文主要记叙了河北省的一个贫困村——沙市峪在中国共产党脱贫攻坚的正确领导下，在全体村民的共同努力下，发生了翻天覆地的变化的故事，这是一篇新闻报道，故推理出，你可能在报纸上读到这篇文章。故选C。本文主要记叙了河北省的一个贫困村——沙市峪在中国共产党脱贫攻坚的正确领导下，在全体村民的共同努力下，发生了翻天覆地的变化的故事。阅读原文13Aboutthreehours’drivetothesouthfromChangsha,Hunan,thereisasmall,unknownvillagecalledBaiyun.That’swhereQinYuefeiworksandlives.BorninChongqingin1985.Qinhasbeenknownasagiftedboysincehischildhood.WhenhegraduatedfromYalein2011,hegaveupfindingawell-paidjobinbigcities.Toeveryone’ssurprise,hetooktheexamheldbythelocalgovernmentandbecameavillageofficialinHejiashanVillage.Hismonthlypaywasonly1,450yuan.Inthefollowingthreeyears,Qinfitintothelocallifeandwonthetrustofthevillagers.Hemanagedtoraisemoneyandhelpedthevillagerstoimprovetheirlivingconditions.“Butit’snotenough.WhenIleavethevillage,therewillbenomoremoneyraisedandeverythingwillstaythesame.”Qinsaid.Sowhenfacingachanceofpromotion(提升)in2014,hegaveitupandwenttoworkasavillageofficialinanothervillage,Baiyun.Hedecidedtotryhisbesttomakerealchangesinthecountryside.WhenworkinginBaiyunVillage,hestartedaprojectcalledServeforChinatoencourageyoungtalentstostartbusinessesandprovidepublicservicesinthecountryside.Itattracted(吸引)morethan30youngpeoplewhograduatedfromfamouscolleges.Theyhelpedthevillagersusethelocalresources(资源)tomakesomewonderfulproducts.Besidesthat,theyalsohelpedtoselltheseproductsonline.“Thesuccessofthebusinesswillattractyoungpeopleofthevillagetoreturntotheirhometownandworkforthevillage”,saidQin.Qin’stermofserviceinBaiyunVillagewasuptwoyearsago,buthechosetostaybecausethethinghereallywantedtodojuststarted.精讲解析31．WasQinYuefeiborninHunan?______________________________________________________________________1．根据“BorninChongqingin1985.”可知，秦玥飞出生在重庆而不是湖南。故填No./No,hewasn’t.本文主要讲述了秦玥飞放弃高薪回村扶贫的事迹。精讲解析32．HowlongdidQinYuefeiworkinHejiashanVillage?_______________________________________________________________________2．根据“WhenhegraduatedfromYalein2011...becameavillageofficialinHejiashanVillage.”以及“Sowhenfacingachanceofpromotion(提升)in2014,hegaveitupandwenttoworkasavillageofficialinanothervillage,Baiyun.”可知，他在贺家山村工作了3年，故填Threeyears.本文主要讲述了秦玥飞放弃高薪回村扶贫的事迹。精讲解析33．根据“hestartedaprojectcalledServeforChinatoencourageyoungtalentstostartbusinessesandprovidepublicservicesinthecountryside...Theyhelpedthevillagersusethelocalresources(资源)tomakesomewonderfulproducts.”可知，他启动了一个名为“为中国服务”的项目，以鼓励年轻人才在农村创业和提供公共服务。它吸引了30多名从名牌大学毕业的年轻人。他们帮助村民们利用当地的资源制作了一些精美的产品，故填Theyhelpedthevillagersusethelocalresourcestomakesomewonderfulproducts.本文主要讲述了秦玥飞放弃高薪回村扶贫的事迹。3．WhatdidtheyoungtalentsdotohelpthepeopleinBaiyunVillage?_______________________________________________________________________精讲解析34．Inyouropinion,shouldQinYuefeiworkinthecountrysideorfindawell-paidjobinabigcity?Why?_______________________________________________________________________4．本题是主观题，两个观点根据自己的想法选择即可，并说明理由，故填Ithinkheshouldworkinthecountryside.Becausehehasachievedhisself-worthandservedsocietyinhisway./Ithinkheshouldfindawell-paidinbigcities.Becauseifhegetsawell-paidjobinabigcity,hecanhavemoregoodchancestomakeuseofwhathelearnt.Hecanliveabetterlife.(答案不唯一，仅供参考)本文主要讲述了秦玥飞放弃高薪回村扶贫的事迹。阅读原文44HaveyouseenthehitTVseriesMinningTown（《山海情》）?IttellsthestoryofpeoplewhomovefrommountainsinNingxiatobuildnewhomesontheplains（平原）inthe1990s.TheylearntogrowmushroomsfromexpertsfromFujian.SomeofthemgotoFujianfactoriestomakemoney.Intheend,theygetridofpoverty（贫困）.Theshowisbasedonatruestory.ItisagoodexampleofChina’s“pair-up”practice.In1997,FujianandNingxiapairedupaspartnerstofightagainstpoverty.ThenameMinningcomesfromtheshortnicknamesforFujian(Min)andNingxia(Ning).Sincetheworkstarted,Fujianhassent183officialsandaround2,000expertsinscienceandtechnology,education,andmedicalcaretoNingxia,accordingtothelocalgovermment.ThepopulationofMinninggrewfrom8,000to66,000.In2020,theyearlydisposable（可支配的）incomeofitspeoplereachednearly15,000yuan.Povertyisabigproblemaroundtheworld.ButChinahasdoneagoodjobofdealingwithit.Chinahasfounditsownwaytofightagainstpoverty.Insteadofjustgivingmoneytopoorpeople,ithastriedtoeducatepeopleandgivethemthetoolstheyneedtoliftthemselvesoutofpoverty.MinningTowniswithoutdoubtagoodexampleofit.精讲解析41．IsthestoryofMinningTownatrueoneoramade-upone?_____________________________________________.1．根据第二段“Theshowisbasedonatruestory”可知，这是一个真实的故事。是肯定回答。故填Yes,it’satruestory。本文讲述《山海情》所反映的闵宁镇脱贫致富的真实故事，讲述中国通过教育人们并给予他们需要的工具让他们摆脱贫穷的社会现实。精讲解析42．HowdidthepeopleinMinninggetridofpoverty?Theygetridofpoverty_____________________________.2．根据“How”可知表达用“by+doing”的结构表达方式。根据第一段“The