【复习课件】高中英语语法专题复习课件-状语从句(共64张PPT)

状语从句知识梳理一、状语从句的类型及连词从句类型常见连词补充时间状语从句when,as,while,whenever,after,before,till

/until,assoonas,since,once,bythetime,nosooner...than,hardly/scarcely...when,...everytime,themoment,theminute,immediately也可引导时间状语从句从句类型常见连词补充地点状语从句where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere,...

原因状语从句because,since,as,for,nowthat,...seeingthat,consideringthat,inthat也可引导原因状语从句从句类型常见连词补充目的状语从句sothat,inorderthat,...谓语动词前常带有情态动词；incase,forfear(that)也可引导目的状语从句结果状语从句sothat,so...that,such...that,...

从句类型常见连词补充条件状语从句if,unless,so

/aslongas,onlyif,provided,...if不能用whether替换；onconditionthat,suppose

/supposing(that)也可引导条件状语从句从句类型常见连词补充让步状语从句although,though,evenif

/though,

as...由疑问词+ever构成的复合词，“nomatter+疑问词”以及whether...or也可引导让步状语从句。从句类型常用连词补充方式状语从句as,asif/though,...theway,ratherthan也可引导方式状语从句程度状语从句so(that),suchthat,as

/sofaras,as

/solongas,...tothedegree

/extent(that)也可引导程度状语从句比较状语从句than,as

二、引导状语从句的单词或短语1.when1)when引导时间状语从句时，从句的动作既可与主句的动作同时发生，也可先后发生。如：

WhenthefamilycameherefromRussia,theywerepenniless.Whenthemealwasfinished,Rachelwashedup.2)when可以引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。如：

Howcanweexplainittoyouwhenyouwon'tlisten?2.while1)while引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语必须是延续性动词（如work,stay,wait,live等）。如：

Pleasedon'ttalksoloudlywhileothersareworking.2)while引导让步状语从句时，相当于although/though。while和although引导的让步状语从句不用倒装语序，though引导的让步状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装。如：

While

/Although

/ThoughIwasn'tcompletelysure,Ithoughthe'dbeendrinking.Strangethoughitmayseem,Ilikehousework.3.until和till1)until和till都表示“直到”，常可互换，但till一般不用于句首，也不用于强调句中。2)until/till从句与肯定的主句连用时，主句的谓语必须是延续性动词，表示主句的动作一直持续到until/till所表示的时间为止。如：

You'lljusthavetowaituntiltheycallyourname.Neilremainedtheretillhisbrotherarrived.3)until/till从句与否定的主句连用时，主句的谓语是非延续性动词，表示“直到……才”，即主句的动作到until/till所表示的时间才开始。如：

Leodidn'tcomeuntilJameshadgoneoverhislesson.Oncehestartsadecoratingjobhewon'tstopuntilit'sfinished.4)notuntil引导的从句位于句首时，主句须部分倒装。如：

NotuntilIbegantoworkdidIrealisehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.5)notuntil结构可用于强调句中。如：

Itwasnotuntilshecametoseeusthatweknewhermotherwasillinbed.4.as1)as引导时间状语从句时，表示“当……时，随着”。如：

Justasthetwomenwereleaving,amessagearrived.2)as引导原因状语从句时，一般放在句首，表示十分明显的原因。如：

Asitisraining,weshallnotgocamping.3)as引导让步状语从句时，通常用倒装结构。具体情况如下：

a.

“形容词+as+主语+系动词”或“副词+as+主语+实义动词”。如：

Poorashewas,hewashonest.MuchasIlikeit,Iwon'tbuyit.b.

名词+as+主语+系动词（句首的名词前多不带冠词）。如：

Childasheis,heknowsalot.c.

实义动词+as+主语+助动词（如果没有助动词，则要加上do,does或did）。如：

Tryasshewould,Suecouldn'tgetthedooropen.4)as引导方式状语从句时，意为“如，像，按照”。如：

Hedidnotneedtokeepmovinghouse,ashisfatherhad.5)as引导比较状语从句时，常用于as...as...和notso/as...as...结构中。如：

Theywantpeaceasmuchaswedo.Ican'trunasfastasIusedto.5.nosooner...than和hardly...whennosooner...than和hardly...when意为“一……就……，刚……就……”。主句一般用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。nosooner,hardly位于句首时，主句的主谓语要部分倒装。如：

Thewordshadnosoonerbeenspokenthanherealisedthatheshouldhaveremainedsilent.Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.Nosoonerhadwegottothestationthanthetrainleft.Hardlyhadwebegunwhenweweretoldtostop.6.so...that和such...that

二者均意为“如此……以致于”，so后面接形容词或副词，such后面接名词。名词前有many,much,few,little这些词修饰时，要用so。“such+a(n)+

adj.+单数可数名词+that”可转换成“so+

adj.

+a(n)+单数可数名词+that”。如：TherearesomanygoodbooksinthatbookstorethatIcanhardlyknowwhattobuy.Itissuchabigjob/sobigajobthatwe'llhavetobeverycareful.7.

“疑问词+ever”构成的复合词与“nomatter+疑问词”“疑问词+ever”构成的复合词可以引导让步状语从句，在口语中可用“nomatter+疑问词”代替。如：

We'redeterminedtohaveawonderfulholiday,howevermuch/nomatterhowmuchitcosts.Whatever/Nomatter

whatyoudo,don'tpressthatbutton!常见考点在含状语从句的复合句中，主、从句通常根据实际时间关系来确定动词的时态，但有一点需要注意：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句或由“疑问词-ever”、“nomatter+疑问词”等引导的让步状语从句中，可以用一般现在时表将来。下面就状语从句考点进行归纳总结。一、时间状语从句【考例】Itwasthemiddleofthenight_____myfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.(江西2014)A.thatB.asC.whichD.whenD二、地点状语从句where在地点状语从句中，除了指地点外，还可指处境等。由where引导的地点状语从句与定语从句的区别：where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示（抽象）地点或处所的名词作先行词，而状语从句前没有先行词。1.______heoncefeltlikegivingup,henowhasthedeterminationtopushfurtherandkeepongoing.(2015·安徽)A.WhereB.AsC.IncaseD.Nowthat

句意：在他曾经想要放弃的地方，他现在下定决心去争取进步继续前行。A.那里；B.尽管，当，因为，随着;C.以防；D.既然。where表示地点，引导地点状语从句；as引导让步状语从句常用倒装，即triedashehas;incase表目的；nowthat表原因。这里指让他感到想放弃的地方，故选A。A2.Halfanhourlater,Lucystillcouldn’tgetataxi_____thebushaddroppedher.(2014重庆)A.untilB.whenC.althoughD.whereD三、原因状语从句

引导原因状语从句的常用连词有because,since,as,now(that)等。它们的用法区别是：because语气最强，述说直接原因，说明因果关系，常回答以why开头的问句；since,as和now(that)引导的从句用法相似，表示双方都知道的原因。四、让步状语从句【考例】_____theforestparkisfaraway,alotoftouristsvisititeveryyear.(北京2014)A.AsB.WhenC.EventhoughD.IncaseC五、目的状语从句【考例】Cathyhadquitherjobwhenhersonwasborn_____shecouldstayhomeandraiseherfamily.(浙江2014)A.nowthatB.asifC.onlyifD.sothatD六、结果状语从句

so...that和such...that表示“如此……以致于”,so后面接形容词或副词，such后面接名词。但名词前有many,much,few,little这些词修饰时,要用so。“such+a(n)+adj.+单数名词+that”可转换成“so+adj.+a(n)+单数名词+that”。七、条件状语从句

【考例】Youwillnevergainsuccess_____youarefullydevotedtoyourwork.(湖南2014)A.whenB.becauseC.afterD.unlessD八、方式状语从句

引导方式状语从句的常用连词有as,asif/though。asif/though引导的状语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的假设。如果从句所表达的内容被看作是事实或者有可能是事实时，就要用陈述语气。九、比较状语从句

含as...as...的比较状语从句用在同级比较中,若表否定用notso/as...as...。其中第一个so/as是副词,修饰主句的形容词或副词的原形，后一个as是连词,引导比较状语从句。I.

选用括号内合适的内容填空。Ireallyenjoylisteningtomusic________

(because,unless)ithelpsmerelaxandtakesmy

mindawayfromothercaresoftheday.

（北京2016）2.________(Since,While)onlineshoppinghas

changedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeen

positive.（浙江2016）高考链接becauseWhile3.Mygrandfatherstillplaystennisnowandthen,__________(aslongas,eventhough)he'sinhis

nineties.（北京2016）4.________(Once,Although)thedamageisdone,

itwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandto

recover.（北京2015）5.Itwasthemiddleofthenight________(that,

when)myfatherwokemeupandtoldmeto

watchthefootballgame.（江西2014）eventhoughOncewhen6.Themeaningoftheword

“nice”

changedafew

times________(before,after)itfinallycameto

includethesense

“pleasant”.（安徽2014）7.Halfanhourlater,Lucystillcouldn'tgetataxi

________(when,where)thebushaddroppedher.（重庆2014）8.Cathyhadquitherjobwhenhersonwasborn

________(nowthat,sothat)shecouldstayhome

andraiseherfamily.（浙江2014）beforewheresothat9.Youwillnevergainsuccess________(when,

unless)youarefullydevotedtoyourwork.（湖南2014）10.Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture,

________(though,as)historycannotbe

changed.（江苏2014）unlessthoughⅡ.选择填空。1.Youwon’tfindpapercuttingdifficult_____youkeeppracticingit.(2015·北京）

A.evenif B.aslongas C.asif D.eversince

句意：只要你不断练习，你就不会觉得剪纸很难。A即使，虽然；B只要；C犹如，好像；D自从。结合句意，故选B。B2.Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblem______wecansolveit.(2015·天津)A.while B.after C.before D.as

句意：在我们解决问题前，我们需要找到问题的根源。A当……时候，而；B.在……之后；C在……之前；D正如。由句意可知选C。C3.______scientistshavelearnedalotabouttheuniverse,thereismuchwestilldon'tknow.(2015·安徽)A.OnceB.SinceC.ThoughD.Unless

句意：尽管科学家对宇宙已经了解了许多，但是有许多我们仍然不能知晓的东西。A一旦；B既然，自从；C虽然；D除非。once和unless表示条件，since表示原因或时间；though表示让步或转折。这里是转折含义，故选C。C4.______thejobtakesasignificantamountoftime.moststudentsagreethattheexperienceisworthit. (2015·湖南)A.IfonlyB.AfterC.Although D.Incase

A.Ifonly要是……该多好啊(ifonly常常用来表达强烈的愿望或遗憾，因此，主要用在虚拟语气中，用以表达强烈的愿望或非真实条件。常被译为“但愿”、“要是……该多好啊”等)CB.After在……之后(用作连词是词，它引导的时间状语从句如果具有将来意义，往往要用一般现在时来表示(有时也用现在完成时)，而不能直接用一般将来时)C.Although虽然(表示“虽然”时，不要根据汉语习惯，在后面使用连词but,不过有时它可与yet,still,nevertheless等副词连用)D.Incase万一，假使(引导条件状语从句)；句意：虽然那个工作要花大量的时间，但是许多学生都觉得这种经历是值得的。故选C。5.Thereisonlyonemoredaytogo______yourfavoritemusicgroupplaylive.(2015·四川)A.since B.until C.when D.before

选项A.意为自从；选项B.意为直到；选项C.意为当……时；选项D.意为在……之前。根据句意选择D。句意：就剩一天时间，你最喜欢的乐队将会来现场表演。D专项练习I.

选用括号内合适的内容填空。1.Ihaveheardalotofstoriesaboutyou________

(since,until)Icamebackfromthecity.2.Youcan'ttravelonthistrain________(unless,

if)youhaveareservation.3._________(Whatever,Whenever)Ihavetogivea

lecture,IgetextremelynervousbeforeIstart.sinceunlessWhenever4.Theicewas_______(so,as)thickthattherewas

nodangeroftheskatersfallingthrough.5.Theywereplayinginthegarden________(when,

while)theyheardascream.6.Iwillshowyouhowtopreparethisdish________

(if,so)youcanprepareitforyourfamily.7.Hehas________(such,so)highmarksthathe

hasappliedforascholarship.sowhensosuch8.Thewomanwalkedoutoftheroom________

(before,until)Ihadachancetoexplain.9.Much________(as,while)Ilikethesnow,itis

goodtogetbacktosomewarmweather.10.CharlesneedstolearnFrench________(since,

although)hiscompanyisopeningabranchin

Paris.beforeassince11.Mysisterstayedatworklate________(inthat,

sothat)shecouldcompletethereport.12.__________(Assoonas,Aslongas)sheentered

theroom,sheknewtherewassomething

wrong.sothatAssoonasII.选用合适的短语填空。inorderthat,asthough,nowthat,incase,aslongas,evenif1._________wekeepplayingwell,we'llkeepwinninggames.2.Shestaredatme________Iwereacompletestranger.3.________thekidshavelefthomewe'vegotalotofextraspace.AslongasasthoughNowthatinorderthat,asthough,nowthat,incase,aslongas,evenif4.She'sgoingtohaveproblemsfindingajob________shegetsherAlevels.5.Themanworeglassesandafalsebeard___________nobodywouldrecognizehim.6.Allthesoldiershadtotaketheirmaskswiththem________therewasagasattack.evenifinorderthatincaseIII.用适当的连词填空。1.________thebathroomwindowbrokeIwashavingashower.2.Ihadnosoonergottowork________mybosscalledmeuptohisoffice.3.Itallhappenedsoquickly________Inevergotagoodlookathisface.4.Scottjoinedthearmysoonafterhis18thbirthday,just________hisbrotherdid.Whenthanthatas5.Youneedtothinktwice________youmakeadecision.6.Theshopkeepersaysthatshe'llhavetoclosetheshop________businessimproves.beforeunlessIV.根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。1.____________________________(随着年龄的增长),youwillgrowwiser.2.Hewillneverpasstheexamination_______

_____________________(除非他努力学习).3._____________________(无论她到哪儿),

therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.AsyougrowolderunlesshestudieshardWherevershegoes4.Hehas_____________________

________/_____________________________(如此有趣的发型)thathegetsalotofattention

whilewalkinginthestreet.5.Sheleavesherbedroomwindowopen,_______

_____________________(无论天气多么冷).suchaninterestinghairstylehowevercolditissointerestingahairstyleV.选用合适的内容完成对话。because,when,sothat,assoonas,althoughOmar:I'msorryI'mnotheretotakeyourcall.PleaseleaveamessageafterthetoneandI'llcallyou1.________Igethome.Martha:Hello,Omar,it'sMartha.I'mafraidIhavetocancelourmeetingtomorrow.Myfather'sjustphonedtosaymymother'sbeentakenill.2.________itsoundsquiteserious,I'llhavetotaketimeofftogoandseeher.assoonasBecausebecause,when,sothat,assoonas,although3.________Imaybeawayforafewdays,IhavemylaptopwithmewhileI'mthere4.________Icandosomework.5.________yougetthechance,givemearingandwe'llsortoutanothertimetomeet.Byefornow.AlthoughsothatWhenVI.选用括号内合适的内容完成下面短文。

ManypeoplehavecometoAmericafor

freedom.ButAfricanslosttheirfreedomandwere

broughttoAmericaagainsttheirwilltoworkinthe

fields.Africansweretakenfromtheirhomesand

putonslaveshipstocrosstheAtlantic.1.________

(As,When)conditionswerehard,manydiedalong

theway.

2.________(Because,Although)theyworked

hardfrommorningtillnight,AsAlthoughtheyreceivedno

money.Infact,theywereoftenbeaten3._______