学位英语三级知识点1

学位英语三级知识点1重点语法现在完成进行时

Overthepastdecades,seaice____intheArctic(北极)asaresultofglobalwarming.A.haddecreasedB.willdecreaseC.hasbeendecreasingD.isdecresing

答案：C

过去的数十年间，北极的海洋冰川由于全球变暖而一直递减。2.条件状语从句:“主将来，从一般”Ifit____tomorrow,wewillstayindoorstohaveourtrainingclass.rainsB.rainC.willrainD.rained

答案：A3.情态动词+现在完成时

musthavedoneshouldhavedonecouldhavedonewouldhavedoneExercises:1.He____havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldn’tbeenjoyinghimselfbytheseaside.shouldB.mustC.wouldn’tD.can’t答案：B2.Tom,you’retoolazy!Thework_____havebeenfinishedyesterday.A.wouldB.shouldC.mustD.could答案：B3.Withoutyourhelp,I_____haveachievedsomuch.A.can’tB.shouldn’tC.wouldn’tD.musn’t

答案：C4.强调句型：Itis（was）＋被强调的部分＋that(who)…被强调的部分为“物”时用that，为“人”时用whoItwasonMondaynight

thatallthishappened.Itisme

whoheblamed．Exercise:Itwasin2005____webegantointroducethisnewtechniqueintoourcompany.whichB.thenC.whenD.that

答案：D5.虚拟语气（1）wish+过去时：表示现在或将来的愿望

wish+过去完成时：一个过去没有实现的愿望

IwishIwereastallasyou.Ididn’tgototheparty,butIdowishIhadbeenthere.Exercise:----Didyouseeheroffthedaybeforeyesterday?----No,butIwishI_____.wereB.didC.hadD.would

答案：C(2)wouldrather+过去时，表示“宁愿，宁可”

Iwouldratherallofyoucamenextmonthforadinner.Exercise:“ShallIgiveyouachequefor＄10?”AB“I’dratheryougiveme＄10innotes.”CD答案：Cgivegave(3)Itis(high)time(that)+过去时

(早)该…了

Don’tyouthinkitistimeyougaveupsmoking?Exercise:Itisabouttimethatwegotosupper,forwestillABChaveameetingtoattendthisevening.D

答案：Bgowent(4)A.隐含表示说话人主观意见的词，后面用(should)do

suggest,advise,propose,recommend,insist,require,request,demand,desire,order,commandPolitemannersinChinademandthatapersonstandupwhenanyoneentersaroom.B.Itisimportant/necessary/urgentthat…(should)do

Itisvitalthatenoughmoneybecollectedtogettheprojectstarted.

Exercises:1.Mysuggestionyesterdaywasthatameeting____todiscussthematter.A.shouldholdB.mustbeheldC.wouldbeheldD.beheld答案：Dbeheld=shouldbeheld2.Idon’tthinkitadvisablethatTom____tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.A.beassignedB.isassignedC.willbeaddignedD.hasbeenassigned答案：A(5)incase,lest,forfearthat引导的状语从句，should+动词原形Hetookhisraincoatforfearthatitshouldrain.他把雨衣带身上以防下雨。6.倒装结构

(1)否定词在句首：bynomeans,innocase,scarcely…BynomeanswillJaneagreetomovetoanewplacefarawayfromherworkplace.(2)Only开头

OnlybypracticewillyoubeabletoimproveyourspokenEnglish.(3)nor,neither,so位于句首，句子倒装

SolittledidIknowaboutthestockexchangethatthelecturewascompletelybeyondme.7.同位语从句TheinformationwhichshewasinjuredinABtheaccident

wasgivenbyLiz.CD答案：A

whichthat同位语从句常跟在fact,evidence,information,idea,news后面，用that引导从句

e.g.Thefactcameupthatspecificspeechsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesasyoungas6mounthsold.8.关系词的选择(1)非限制性定语从句Acontainerweighsmoreafterairisputin,it

ABCDprovesthatairhasweight.答案：Ditwhich(2)先行词是thetime,themoment,关系词用when(3)先行词是situation,关系词用where(4)whoorwhom?

定语从句中，指人的先行词我们用who或者whom做连接词，who用来做从句的主语，whom用来做从句的宾语.Thisisanursewhowearsawhiteskirt.ThisisthepersonwhomIjustsaw.Heisthedriver_____Iwanttolookfor.Thisisthefriend______Ioftenvisit.Ihaveafriend______hasmuchmoney.It’sathief_______wascaughtbyus.Kateisastudent_______studieswell.6)Thisisthesportsman_____everyonesayswillwinthegoldmedal.whomwhomwhowhowhowho9.反意疑问句

(1)在haveto结构中，反意疑问句要用助动词do/does/didWehadtowaitalongtimetogetourpassport,didn’twe?(2)含有否定词hardly,scarcely,never,seldom等，反意疑问句要用肯定。

Younevertoldmeyouhaveseenthefilm,didyou?(3)祈使句中，反意疑问句用willyouDon’tforgettowritetome,willyou?

Let’s与Letus区别

Let’shurryupandtrytogettotherailwaystationintime,shallwe?Pleaseletushavemoretime,willyou?(4)从句中，反意疑问句和从句的谓语一致

IheardthatyoureallyhadawonderfultimeatJohn’sbirthdayparty,didn’tyou?Exercises:1.Hiswifehadthefrontdoorpaintedgreenyesterday,____she?didB.didn’tC.hadD.hadn’t答案：B2.DearHelen,pleaseforgivehimforhisAB

rudeness,canyou?CD答案：Dcanyouwillyou10.主谓一致(1)虽然形式以-s结尾，但表示单数意义

physics,maths,news,means(2)动名词，不定式，从句做主语时,谓语动词用单数

Whenandwherethenewhospitalwillbebuiltremainsamystery.(3)Anumberof…谓语动词用复数

Thenumberof…谓语动词用单数

Thenumberofmistakesmadebyhimwassurprising.(4)主语+aswellas,alongwith,togetherwith,including,accompaniedby+名词谓语动词与主语保持一致

(5)名词前有each,every,manya修饰时，谓语动词用单数

Inourcountryeveryboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducation.(6)就近原则

notonly…butalso,neither…nor,either…or…,谓语与最邻近的主语一致。

NeitheryounorIaminterestedinthemovie.Exercises:(1)Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_____tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered(2)ProfessorSmith,alongwithhisassistants,_____ontheprojectdayandnighttomeetthedeadline.A.workB.workingC.isworkingD.areworking

答案：A;C11.非谓语动词一些惯用语中的动名词

a.can’thelpdoing=can’thelpbutdob.It/Thereisnousedoing做…没有用

c.beworthdoing…做…是值得的

d.bebusydoing…忙于…e.enjoy/feellikedoing…喜欢/想…d.What/Howaboutdoing…?…如何？

e.havedifficulty/trouble/problemindoing…

(2)动词不定式跟不定式做宾语的常用动词有:(p81)persuade,intend,pretend,manage,want

动词+宾语+不带to的不定式做宾语see,watch,let,have,make,wouldrather,hadbetterhave/letsb.dosth.(3)动词不定式的被动式

have/getsth.donemakeoneselfunderstoodExercises:1.Isthereanypossibilityofgettingtheprice_____further?A.reducedB.reduceC.reducingD.bereduced2.Theyaregoingto

havetheservicemenAB

installedanelectricfanintheofficeCDtomorrow.

答案：A;C(4)分词（现在分词，过去分词）现在分词表示主动或正在进行过去分词表示被动或动作完成Feelingtiredafterahardwork,shefellintobedandwentstraighttosleep.Todaythepolicecanwatchcarsrunningonroadbyradar.Giventime,he’llbecomeafirst-classtennisplayer.WefoundthecakeeatenbyTom.Exercise:______atthebusstop,hefoundalotofpeoplewaitingthere.ArrivedB.ArrivingC.BeingarrivedD.Toarrive答案：B重点词汇倍数和分数倍数：twice两倍threetimes三倍分数：half一半aquarter四分之一

twoniths九分之二eightpercent百分之八

(1)倍数/分数+as+adj/adv+as…Thetrainticketisthreetimes

as

cheep

astheplaneticket.(2)倍数/分数+thesize,weight,height,amountof…Theearthis49timesthesizeofthemoon.(3)倍数/分数+比较级…+than…Thegrainoutputis8percenthigherthisyearthanthatoflastyear.Exercise:Hewouldhavepaid____forthehouseifthesalesgirlhadinsistedbecausehereallywantedit.twiceasmuchB.muchastwiceC.asmuchtwiceD.twicemuchas

答案：A

2.一些常考的固定动词词组

(1)lookinto研究，调查

lookafter照顾，照管

lookover（仔细）检查

lookthrough翻阅，看一遍

lookback（upon）回想，回顾

lookdownon（upon）看不起

lookfor寻找

lookforwardto盼望

lookout查出,找出

lookout（for）注意，当心，提防Itisreportedthatthepolicewillsoonlook_____thecaseofthetwomissingchildren.uponB.afterC.intoD.out

答案：C(2)putaway收起来,抛弃

putup举起,提供

putoff推迟,拖延

putdown放下,拒绝

putin插话

putback,放回(3)callfor需求，需要

callon/upon拜访，号召

calloff取消

calup召集，使人想起

callback召回(4)runout用完，耗尽

runover浏览

runafter追赶

runaway逃跑(5)layoff解雇，裁员

layout设计

laydown建造，制定Thefactoryhadtolayoffanumberofemployeesbacauseoftheeconomicdeclineinthecountry.(6)bringabout造成，引起

bringup提出，养育

bringout取出TheInternethasbrought_____bigchangesinthewaywework.aboutB.outC.backD.up答案：A

(7)liein，lieto，lieonShanghailiesintheeastofChina.TaiwanliestotheeastofChina.RussialiesonthenorthofChina.(8)spend,pay,cost,takespend的主语是“人”

spendtime/moneyonsth