冠词,数词,名词老师版复习过程

如有侵权请联系网站删除冠词、数词、名词、语法指导一、冠词:在英语中a,an称为不定冠词，泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明是何人或何物。the称为定冠词，主要是对后面的名词其限定作用，因此特指，指代上文出现过的或谈话双方都熟知的人或事物。冠词的用法:辅音音素开头的的单词前astudentaone-eyedman注意以[j][w]发音开始的名词前auniversityaunitayearausedcaraone-year-oldboy以元音发音开始的单数可数名词前anegg anapple注意以辅音字母开始的单词如果发音为元音音素anhouranunimportantmeetinganhonestman特别注意单个字母前使用不定冠词的情况：请大家写出26个英文字母的音标其中读音是以元音音素开头的有辅音音素开头的有填写冠词a/anPleasepayattentiontoyourspelling.Youhavedropped"m”here.Englishteacherworksinuniversity.“e”isin“ni4er” "u"isin“you”.IsitUFOinthesky?OurdaughtersentusSOSforsomemoremoney.Hehas11-year-olddaughter.ShecomesfromEuropeancountry.Writemeonesummaryofthisreport.gotfriendlyreceptionfromthem.精品资料如有侵权请联系网站删除(1)表示上文已提到过的人或物，或特指某人或某物Isthisthebookthatyouarelookingfor?表示特定的物(2)表示世界上独一无二的东西thesuntheearththemoontheChangjiangRiverthePacific太平洋(3)在序数词，形容词最高级前Thegreatesttalkersarealwaystheleastdoers.在形容词最高级前面谚语的巨人往往是行动的侏儒。(4)对两人或物进行比较时起特定作用的比较级前Heisthetallerofthetwochildreninhisfamily.，窸：为什么此句中比较级前要加the?(5)用于“动词+人+介词+the+人体部位”结构中Thewomanhitthemaninthefaceandthemanstruckherontheback..(6)形容词，过去分词前表示一类人或物thewoundedthebeautifulandthetruetheunemployedthedisabled⑺在姓氏复数形式前，表示全家人，或这一姓氏的夫妇俩TheTurnersaresittingatthetable.(8)乐器的名称前Doyouliketoplaytheguitarortheviolin?⑼在逢十的复数数词前，指世纪的某个年代Inthe1970’s,whmygrandfatherwasalreadyinhisforties,hebegantolearnJapanese.(10)国家和民族的形容词前加上定冠词，可泛指这个国家和全民族的全体人员theEnglishtheFrenchtheChinesetheJapanese二、数词表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫做数词。数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词表示人或数目的多少，序数词表示人或事物顺序的先后。基数词的构成精品资料如有侵权请联系网站删除1——12的基数词有各自独立的单词27111213——19的基数词以teen结尾131518(3)20——90等整10基数词以ty结尾2030405080(4)21——99之间非整10基数词在十位数和个位数之间加连字符“-”构成22324399(5)3005000百万十亿(6)101——999的基数词的表达方式“基数词+hundred+and+整10位数+连字符+个位数”83910810015123456789“年代”表示法in+the+逢十的数词复数在20世纪90年代中期 inthemid-1990s/mid-1990’s在18世纪20年代inthe1720s/17207s“在…..岁”的表示法attheageof+基数词或者atage+基数词或者at+据数词李云迪在7岁的时候开始学习钢琴。LiYundistartedtolearnthepiano精品资料如有侵权请联系网站删除序数词的构成和用法：序数词除第一，第二和第三外，由基数词后加th构成。第1第2第3第5第8第9十位数的序数词从10——19的序数词是在原基数词后加th第15第12第19以y结尾的基数词构成序数词以y结尾的基数词构成序数词，先把y改成i在加eth第20第40注意，两位或两位以上的数词，只需把最后一个英文数词变成序数词第21第32第160 序数词前不加冠词的情况1）表示“又一“，”再一”时Youcantryasecondtime.2）被其他限定词修饰ThisisLiMing,sfirsttimetousecomputer.TomorrowIshallholdapartytocelebratemysixteenthbirthday.编号表示法1）PartOneLessonThreeActTwoGateFive2）定冠词the+序数词+事物名词theFirstParttheThirdLessontheSecondActtheFifthGate其他几种数词的构成和用法；①分数表示法分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于一时，分母的序数词要用复数%--NowadaystwothirdsofbusinesslettersarewritteninEnglish.如今2/3的上午信件是用英语写的。It,ssaidthattwothirdsofthewateraroundtheworldispolluted.据说世界上2/3的水都被污染了。②小数表示法小数点读成O或者zero,小数点后的数字按个位基数词依次读出0.6zeropointsix 5.38fivepointthreeeight28.23twoeightpointtwothree或者twenty-eightpointtwothree③百分数表示法 百分数用基数词加百分号表示，百分号读成percent50%fiftypercent 35%thirty-fivepercent三、名词:精品资料如有侵权请联系网站删除不可数名词：一般情况下专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词均是不可数名词。advice劝告 traffic交通 progress进步trouble烦恼 weather天气 fun乐趣information消息 knowledge矢口识 pollution污染注意：不可数的物质名词表示个体时，需用单位名词(量词)来表示其数量概念。常用的有:apieceofadvice/bread/cake/chalk/cloth/equipment/furniture/information/news/wood/paper/workabarofchocolate/soapabottleofinkapairofscissors/shoes/trousers可数名词规则的复数形式可数名词包括个体名词和集体名词，有单、复数形式。复数名词构成方法如下：直接在名词后加sstudent-students desk-deskshand-hands(2)以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词后加esbus-buseswatch-watchesbrush-brushes特别注意：1)stomach-stomachs胃2)以th结尾的词，直接在后力口s mouth-mouths path-paths mouth-mouths(3)以“辅音字母+O”结尾的名词后加eshero-heroes tomato-tomatoespotato—potatoes不少以o结尾的外来词变复数时只加sradio-radios mango—mangosvideo-videos kilo-kilosphoto-photospiano-pianos有些以o结尾的名词有两种复数形式：zero—zeroes/zeros以oo结尾的名词只加sbamboo—bambooszoo-zoos(4)以“元音+y”结尾的名词，把y变i再加esfactory-factories country-countries(5)以“元音+y”结尾的名词，直接在词尾加sboy-boys toy-toys(6)以f或者fe结尾的名词变复数形式有三种：直接加sroof-roofs屋顶把f或者fe变v再加esleaf-leaves life-livesknife-knives shelf-shelves half-halvesloaf-loavesthief-thieveswife-wives既有规则变化形式又有不规则变化形式handkerchief-handkerchiefs/handerchievesscarf-scarfs/scarves精品资料

如有侵权请联系网站删除可数名词不规则的复数形式：(1)改变单数名词中的元音字母，或其他形式foot—feettooth—teeth mouse—mice child—children(2)表示“某国人”的名词的单、复数形式因习惯不同而异广aChinese—twoChinese单复数相同YaJapanese—twoJapanese重点提醒:Chinese中国的Chinese中国的中国人I'mChinese.I'maChinese.Japanese日本的日本人I'mJapanese.I'maJapanese.・但是对于English,French类词，可以说“I'mEnglish/French"或者“I'ma/aniEnglishman/Frenchman”但不可以说“I'ma/anEnglish/FrenchaGerman—threeGermans词尾加sanAmerican—twoAmericans这类词还有：African,Asian,Australian,Canadian,Italian,European等广anEnglishman—fiveEnglishmen变man为menXaDutchman—fourDutchmen这类词还有：Frenchman,Irishman等缩写，数词，字母和单词的复数形式在词后加s或'sCDs(CD's) someVIPs(VIP's) inthe1990s(1990's) amaninhis40s(40s)Theycamentwosandthrees.他们三三两两地来了。.以“名词修饰名词”的复数形式(1)中心词是man或woman构成的复合名词复合名词前后两个词都是中心词(通常第一个词是man或woman),前后两部分皆变复数形式。mensingers男歌手womenservants女仆mencooks男厨师womendoctors女医生(2)中心词是boy等构成的复合名词复合名词为boy,girl,lady，加另一个词构成，将第二个词变成复数。boyfriend(s)girlfriend(s)ladydriver(s)精品资料

如有侵权请联系网站删除.单复数同形的名词某些动物的名词deersheepfishgoldfish注意fishes表示不同种类的鱼。Wecaughtthreelittlefishes.表示鱼肉时只能用单数形式。Helpyourselftosomefish.某些不可数名词用复数形式表达特定内涵papers报纸，文件 manners礼貌 goods货物 100ks外表glasses眼镜times时代 sands沙滩 forces军队以下短语中的名词常用复数inhighspirits情绪高涨 asfollows如下 taketurns轮流hurtone,sfeelings伤人感情 take/makenotes做笔记 inrags衣衫褴褛“word”一词的及种用法word作“消息”或“通知”时，前面不加a或the，也不用复数形式。WordcamethatthemeetingwouldbeheldonFridayiU知说会议在星期五举行。Pleasesendmewordofyoursafearrival.请你安全到达后就把消息告诉我。★注意：leaveword留言leaveword留言byword逐字地inotherwords换句话说thelastwords临终的话havewordswithsb与某人吵嘴keep（break）one,sword守（失）信amanofhisword守信用的人inaword简言之eatone,sword收回前言wasteone,swords白费口舌haveafewwordswithsb.与某人说几句名词所有格1.通常在名词后加,s.以s或es结尾的复数名词只在名词右上方加，s这种形式大多表示有生命的名词的所有关系（不要太多）。John'sclothesaremadebyhandinItaly.Therearesomestudents7booksonthedesk.表示两人或多人共有时，只变化最后一个名词的词尾；如果为各自所有，各个名词的词尾都要变化。[Heismyfatherandmother,sfriend.FranksandJane,scarsarebothBens.表示“某人的家” “店铺”的名词所有格后面，一般省略它所修饰的名词。产 atMr.Green7s在格林先生的家,tomyuncle’s到我叔叔家atthetailor's在裁缝店- atthedoctor%在诊所精品资料如有侵权请联系网站删除TOC\o"1-5"\h\z“of+名词”构成的所有格这种结构通常用来表示无生命的所有关系 |,Theleavesofmosttreeswillfallinautumn在秋天，大部分的树叶都会落下。 ！Thereissomethingwrongwiththeengineofthecar.汽车发动机除了故障 ithecontributionofscienceandtechnology科技的贡献 i在下列情况仍用名词后加上’s构成所有格。表示时间，举例，国家，城市，团体，机构等无生命东西的名词，也可以加’s来构成所有格。 ]NewYear’sDay元旦today'snewspaper今天的报纸tenminutes,walk步行十分钟的路程jamile'sdistance一英里的距离China'sindustry中国的工业thestation'swaitingroom候车室itheriver'sbank河岸theearth'ssatellite地球的卫星 |双重所有格的构成和用法：“of+-s所有格/名词性物主代词”构成双重所有格，表示整体中的一个或者一部分。双重所有格的使用条件：（1）双重所有格中带有-s所有格的名词必须是一个明确限定的指人的名词。Davidisafriendofmyfather's.大卫是我父亲的一位朋友。（2）表示部分概念时，of前面的名词必须为不确指的名词，其前面常用不定冠词，数词，不定代词或指示代词等。Manyrelativesofhershavebeenabroad.她的很多亲戚出过国。注意（1）双重所有格修饰的名词与指示代词连用时，往往带有赞赏，不满等感情色彩。Thislittlecatofyoursister,sisreallyadear.你没灭的这只小猫真的很可爱。ThatspeechofMr.Green’sissoboring.格林先生的那个发言真是无聊。注意（2）of前的名词是picture,photo,等时，用of所有格和双重所有格表达的意义不同。Thisisaphotoofmyfather's.这是我爸爸（拥有）的一张照片。Thisisaphotoofmyfather.这是我爸爸（本人）的一张照片。冠词，数词，名词练习：Thereisreportintoday'snewspaper.It'sabouttheInternationalFilmFestival,Shanghai.AaBanCtheD不填Mum,whereismyCDplayer? It'sinwhitebagonyourdeskAa Ban Cthe D不填Heishonestboy,sowealllikehimAa Ban Ctheweatheritistoday!Let'sgooutforawalkAHowfineBHowbadCWhatafineDWhatfineWhereisEnglishbook? MaybeitisonthebookshelfAtheBaCanD不填Bytheway,haveyougote-mailaddress? Ohyes,I'vegotone精品资料如有侵权请联系网站删除AaBanCtheD不填Whatwouldyoulikeforbreakfast,MrScott? Threepiecesofbreadwithcupofblacktea,please.Aa;aB不填；theCa;theD不填;aBobtoldmethathisnextmatchwasagainstteamfromanotherschoolAagirls,Bgirl,sCthegirls,Dgirls,.ThereisbigtableinthediningroomAanB不填CtheDa.dayitis!AWhatafineBWhatfineCHowfineDHowafine.Jackboughtusefulbook.bookisalsoveryinteresting.Aan;TheBa;TheCan;ADa;A.Pleasepayyourattentiontoyourspelling.You,vedropped"d"inthewordWednesdayAanBtheCaD不填. Whatdoyouthinkofthestory? Oh,itisreallyexcitingone.AaBanCtheD不填. What'sdatetoday? It,sJune12A不填BaCtheDan.Asweknow,EnglandisEuropeancountryandSingaporeisAsiancountryAan;anBan;aCa;aDa;an.ThefilmissuchwonderfulsciencefictionthatIwanttoseeitsecondtimeAa;aBa;theC不填;the D不填;a7.It,snotgoodideatodriveforfourhourswithoutbreakAa;aBthe;the Ca;不填 Dthe;a. Cathy!Doyouknowwomaninwhite? Yes.SheisanurseinourhospitalAaBtheC不填Dan.Thecakeswhichtherestaurantservedweredelicious.ThecustomerwouldlikethirdonebecausesecondisrathertoosmallAa;aBa;theCa;不填Dthe;a. Whichofthepoemsdoyoulikebetter? shorterone,ofcourse.Ithinkit,sreallymostinterestingone.AA;theBThe;aCThe;theDA;a. Doyouplaypianoinyourfreetime? No,Ilikesports.IoftenplaysoccerwithmyfriendsA不填；theBa;aCthe;theDthe;不填.AllthestudentsagreetogotoQingdaobyseaandcampbysea.Athe;aB不填；theC不填；不填Da;the.★EarlyinthemorningwordcamethatMr.Blackhadbeenelectedpresidentofthecompany精品资料如有侵权请联系网站删除A不填；不填Ba;不填Ca;theD不填；the.Celia,whoisonholidaywithherhusband,wantstostayinaquietplace,tastedeliciousfoodandplaytennisAa;aB不填；不填Cthe;theD不填;the.Maryhasabadcold.ShehastostayinbedAaB不填CtheHowmanystudentsarethereinyournewlybuiltschool? Twothousandinclassrooms.AfourBfourthCfortyDthefortiethHowlongisthenewbridge?Doyouknow? Yes,It,sabout.AonethousandonehundredandeightymetersBonethousandandonehundredfiftymetersCtwothousandonehundredfortymetersDonethousandandonehundredfiftymeters★Oursummerholidayiscoming.Twothestudentsinourschoolwillgotothebeach.AhundredBhundredsChundredsDhundredofHowmanypeoplewillcometoBeijingfortheOlympicGamesin2008? It,shardtosay.people,Ithink.AMillionofBMillionsofCTwomillionsofDTwomillionofNowchildren,turntoPageandlookatthepictureinLessonTwo.Atwentieth;oneBtwenty;oneCtwentieth;firstDtwenty;firstWhat,sonefourthandahalf,doyouknow? Yes,it,s.AtwosixthsBtreefourthsConethreeDthreesixthsAboutofthestudentsinGradeNicethisyearwereborninthe.Athreefive;1996sBthreefifths;1990sCthirdfifth;1997Dthirdfifths;1990sWhenhewas,JoewenttotheUnitedStates.AonhistwentiesBinthetwentiesCinhistwentiesDinhistwentyOpenyourbook,andwritedowntheanswersintheformon.Athe101stpage B101pageCPage101st DthePage101AftertheAsianGames,peoplecametoGuangzhouforavisitduringholidaysAthousandBthousandsofCfivethousandsDfivethousandsofThedoctorworkedforaftertwelveo,clockAtwomorehourBtwoanotherhourCmoretwohoursDanothertwohourshavethreepenfriends.Oneistheothertwoare.AJapanese;AmericansBRussian;GermanyCCanada;AustraliaDEnglish;FrenchmanCanIhelpyou,sir? Yes,I'dlikefiveandsomepeas.ApotatoBtomatoesCmeatDbananaHehadsomethingtowritedownandaskedmefor.精品资料如有侵权请联系网站删除AapaperBsomepapersCsomepiecesofpapersDapieceofpaperLind,I,veboughtmany.Nowlet,smakethebirthdaycakeAfresheggsBchocolatemilkCfrozenfoodDapieceofpaperHowlongdoesittaketogettothestation? It,sa walkAsixminute,sBsixminutesCsixminutes,DsixminutesIt's ridefrommyhometothefactory.Atwohoursandhalfs Btwoandhalfhour'sCtwoandahalfhours5 Dtowhourandahalfs★ Didyouandyourfriendsrideyourbicyclestothebeachyesterdayafternoon? Yeah.wehad!AHowafunBWhatfunCWhatafunDHowfunWehaveboughttwoforthecomingpartyAboxofappleBboxesofapplesCboxofapplesDboxesofapplemotherscouldn,tgotothemeeting,becausetheyhavegonetoChengduALiLeiandLucy,s BLiLei,sandLucy'sCLiLei