初中英语八大时态结构及用法详解

初中英八大时结构及法详英语八大态：1般在时标志：动原形1.表示常或习惯动作常与表度的间状语用：SheoftenspeaksEnglish.Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.2.表示在状态、征、业、能、感等：Heseemstofeelabittoday.Heworksasadriver.3.表真理、客观在、学事实用于言警句：ShanghaitheeastChina.ColumbusprovedthattheearthisWherethereisawill,thereisaway.4.表示在间的动：Herecomesthebus!5.表将来1)表按定计划、排将发生的作（限于某表示来、去动、、开始结束、续”的趋向词）可以与示未的时间语搭使用。见的用法：飞机火车轮船、车等期定点行的通状况如：Thetrainleavesat3’clockafternoon.Howoftendoestheshuttlebusrun?2)在时和件状语句中使用一现在表示将发生事情：Whencomes不willcome),askhimtowaitforme.Ishallgotheretomorrowunless’mtoobusy.2般去时标志动词过式*闭音：元字母a,e,i,o,如果发字母来的则称为音节否则称闭音。1.表示去时所发的动或存在状态表过去的间状连e.g.yesterday,thismorning,justnow,aago,inMay,lastnight/year/week,uponatime,theotherday,before…when…inthe）。如：Jimyoujustnow.LiuwasAmericalastyear.2.表示去常或反发生动作，别是useddo表达句型本身表的就过去常。如WhenIwasaIoftenplayedfootballinthestreet.Shetovisithermotheronceaweek.*注意分sb.usedtodo（某过去常做某，此处to是动不定标志号）和sb.tosth./doingsth.（某人惯于/做事，处to是介）。3.代替般在时，示一婉转、气、貌、商的语。此用仅适于少数词（如want,hope,think,等及情动词could,would。如：Iwonderedifyoucouldhaveawordwithme.IhopedyoucouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.Wouldyoumindmysittinghere?4.虚语气中用一过去表示现或将时间的作或态。常句型：Itisthatsb.did“某人做事了”wouldrathersb.didsth.“愿某人做某”3般来时标志：willshall+动词原形1.表示来生的动或存的状态通常表示将的时状语连e.g.tomorrow,week,inthe等）。：Weshallhavealotofrainnextmonth.Myhusbandwillcomebackinfewdays.2.表倾向性和习性：Fishdiewater.Whenitwarmer,thestarttomelt.3.一将来时的几句式构辨析1)/shall动原形多用表达主愿望必定会生的情（“会如”）*shall助动时一只用于一人2)begoingto动原形表示将发生打算做的事Itisgoingtorain.Wearegoingtohavemeetingtoday.3)beto+动词形表示计划或排即要发生动作HeistovisitJapannextyear.WearetodiscussthereportMonday.4)beaboutto+动原形表示将发生动作意为“上要某事”后面般不跟间状，如：Theplaneisabouttostart.Don’worry.Iamabouttomakeacloseexaminationon4在行时标志：+动词的在分词1.表说话时正在行的作：Sheiswritingaletterupstairs.Whoarewaitingfor?Itisraininghard.2.表现阶段一直进行动作（话时作未必在进）：IMr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.3.表反复出现或惯性动作，往包说话者扬、备、厌等情，通常always,constantly,continually,forever等度副词连用如：Johnisforeveraskingsillyquestionslikeastupid.Heisalwaysthinkingothersfirst.4.表示来1)表按计划、安将要生的动，仅用于部趋向词（如go,come,leave,start,arrive等）。：Uncleiscoming.They'releavingforBeijing.2)在间和条件状从句，现在行时示将来时正发生的情。：Pleaseinwhenyouarepassingmyway.Ifheisstillsleeping,’him5去行时标志：was/+词的现分词1.表过去某一时或一时间正进行动作进行中常的时间语有thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromJanuarytoMarchlast等。：IwasatalkwithLucyatthattime.TheywatchingTVnight.2.表过去反复出或习性的动，往包含说者赞、责备厌恶情绪，常与always,constantly,continually,forever等度副词用。：Mybrotherwaslosinghiskeys.3.表按计划、安过去时刻将发生动作，适用部分趋动词如go,come,leave,start,arrive等。如：HewereleavingforBeijingthisafternoon.4.过进行时有一主要法就是述一事情发的背个动作延的时，另一短动发生）Grannyasleepwhenshewasreading.Itwasrainingwhentheyleftstation.6在成时标志：have+动词的去分词1.表示个去发生已完的动作现在生影响结果的现在的况（示“已成”。如：Hehasleftthecity.（结果他前不在个城）Someonehasthewindow.（结：户破了2.表示个作开始过去持续到在，可能还继续续下去表示未完成）。Ibusysincelastweek.Hehasourforyears.I’vefinishedhalfsofar.注意瞬动词通常是能用在完成表持性的，其否结构则以。：She’tseenyouages.Hisfatherhasnttouchedbeerforawholeweek.3.表示去现在为反复生的动或多出现的态表示度的副always,often,every等用。：Ioftenheardthatheisthecleverestpersoninthatcompany.4.在时和件状语句中现在完时表将来某完成动作。：I’llgotoyourIhavefinishedmyhomework.Ifithasstoppedsnowinginthemorning,’gothepark.5.与现完时连用常见语能与在完成连用词语很just,already,yet,before,never,ever,等，但常见的：1)since自ItheremanytimessincetheWehaventseeneachothersincelastweek.Wefriendseversince.2)in/for/duringpast/last…years在去最…中I’veillthepastthreeGreatchangeshavetakeplaceinlasttenyears.Ihere(for)thelast/pastmonth.3)sofar到目为止WehaventhadanytroublesoSofarthesearchformissingmiddle-agedwomanhasbeenfruitless.4)upto/untilnow现为止Uptonow’beenquiet.Uptotheworkhasbeeneasy.IheardnothingfromhimUpnowwehaveplantedover2000trees.5)Itis/willbethefirst/second这是/二次…It’firsttime(that)’vebeenhere.Itbethefirsttime’vespokeninpublic.ItisthesecondtimeIhavemethimtoday.6)Thisis+形容词最高…这最…Thisisthebestfilmthat’(ever)seen.6.现在成与一般去时区别1)现在成强调对在的响和结，与在有联；而一过去时调这动作发的时是在过，不及对现的影。如：Ithisfilm.（我经看过这电影）Isawthisfilmyesterday.（我是天看这部电）2)现在成常与模的时状语连（如for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,till/until,uptoalways等），或干脆有时状语；而一过去时与具的时间语连（如yesterday,lastnight,…ago,in1980,inFebruary等。3)现在成表示持时一使用延性动live,teach,work,等而一过去时使用间动词如begin,buy,marry等。如：Hehaslivedinsincelastspring.Mygrandfatherthefiveyearsago.7.易错辨1)考容易把一些间动用现在成时达，这错误。如：(×)Hehasdiedyears.他死了两年。(√)Hehasbeendeadfortwoyears.(√)Hediedtwoyearsago.(×)Thefilmhasbegunfor10minutes.电开十分钟。(√)Thefilmhasbeenfor10minutes.(√)Thefilmbegan10minutesago.(×)Shehasmarriedforthree她婚有年了。(√)Shehasmarriedforthree(√)Shemarriedthreeyearsago.2)考生懂何区分havebeento和goneto，管两均可接地点但havebeento示过某（现在经回了）havegoneto表示到某去了（现还没回）。：ShehasbeentoParis(threetimes).ShehasgonetoParis.7去成时标志：had+动词的过去词1.表示过的某个间或作以前经发的动作已经在的状。如Bytheendoflastweekhehadfinishedwork.HehadleftwhenIarrived.2.表从过去某一间开，一直续到去另一间的作或状。如WehadnotseeneachothersinceIleftBeijing.Thehadbeenonfor5minuteswhenIgottothecinema.3.某些意的动词如intend,think,plan,expect,等）的过去完成时表主语未实现愿望、望、算。如Ihadintendedtovisityounight,butsomeonecalledandtgetaway.Wehadhopedthatwouldcome,butyou’4.（虚语）在条状体句或wishwouldrather后的从中，使过去成时表与过事实相的主愿望。：Thepartywouldn’havebeenperfectifyouhadn’come.IIhadgonewithyoutotheconcertthatday.5.过完成时与一过去1)基本别完时表示过去时间为点以所发生动作存在的态，过去完时强“过去过去，而一过去只表示现在间为起以前所发的事情存在状态。：Hestudiedtheretwoyears他年前那儿学（离在两年Hesaidhehadstudiedtheretwoyearsbefore.说两年在那儿习过（离他说时两年2)特别意两个动如果顺序发，又强调先，或用then,but等连连接时多用般过去。如Whenshemouse,shescreamed.MyahatIlostit.8