2023年全国职称英语等级考试试题及答案综合类A级

职称英语考试综合类(A级)试题及答案第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子背面所

给旳4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近旳词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡对应旳

位置上。

1thesearethemotivesfordoingit.

areasonsbexcuses

canswers13replies

2theriverwidensconsiderablyasitbeginstoturnwest

aextendsbstretches

cbroadensdbends

3manyeconomistshavegivenintothefatallureofmathematics．

aerrorbpuzzle

cattractiondcontradiction

4withimmensereliefistoppedrunning

anob1ittle

cscarcedenormous

5agreatdealhasbeendonetoremedythesituation

amaintainbimprove

cpreservedprotect

6johniscollaboratingwithmaryinwritinganarticle

acooperatingbmarrying

ccombiningdarguing

7hewillconsolidatehispower．

astrengthenbwin

cabandondunite

8manyscientistshavebeenprobingpsychologicalproblems

asolvingbexploring

csettlingdhandling

9.hearingproblemsmaybealleviatedbychangesindietandexercisehabits．

aremovedbcured

ctreateddlessened

10theconclusioncanbededucedfromthepremises

agonebderived

cdonedcome

11thefoodisinsufficientforthreepeople

ascarcebshort

cmarginaldinadequate

12mostofthebutterfliesperishinthefirstfrostsofautumn

adiebdisappear

cmigratedvanish

13butultimatelyhegavein．

aundoubtedlybcertainly

cfinallydnecessarily

14itisacomplicatedproblem．

astrangebcomplex

cdifficultdunusual

15inbritainandmanyothercountriesappraisalisnowatoolofmanagement-

aevaluationbproduction

cefficiencydpublicity

第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文旳内容对每个句子做出判断。假如该句提供旳是对旳信息，请在答题卡上把a涂黑；假如该旬提供旳是错误信息，请在答题卡上把b涂黑；假如该句旳信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把c涂黑。

goingbacktoitsbirthplace

nosportingeventtakesholdoftheworld'sattentionandimaginationliketheolympic

gamesthefootballworldcupfascinatesfansineuropeandsouthamerica；baseball'sworldseriesisrequiredviewinginnorthamerica；andtheworldtabletennischampionshipsattractsthemostinterestinasia．

buttheolympicsbelongtothewholeworld．now，aftertravellingto17countriesover108

years，thesummergamesarereturningtoathens，theplacewherethefirstmodernolympics

washeld．

participationinthegamesislookedonnotonlyasanachievement，butalsoasanhonour,

the16daysbetweenaugust13and29willseearecord202countriescompete，upfrom

sydney's199.afghanistanisback，havingbeenbannedfromsydneybecausethetaliban

governmentdidn'tletwomendosports．thereisalsoaplacefornewcomerseasttimerand

kiribatiatotalof10．500athleteswillcompetein28sports，watchedby53millionticket-paying

viewersaswellasatelevisionaudienceof4billion．

athensistouseitsrichhistoryandculturetomaketheolympicsasspecialaspossible．the

gameswillopenwithcyclingeventswhichstartinfrontoftheparthenonandacropolis

monuments．thefinaleventwillbeahistoricmen'smarathonfollowingthe0rjgihalroutel"unbyphidippidesin490bctobringnewsofvictoryoverthepersians．

theancientstadiumatolympia．firstusedforthegamesnearlythreecenturiesago，will

stagetheshotputcompetitions．andthepanathenianstadium，wherethefirstmodernolympics

washeld，istohostthearchery(射箭)events．

ifthewell-knownancientsitesdeliveragreatsenseofhistorytothegames．the39new

venuesaddamodemtouchtothecityofathensthemainolympicstadium．withagiantglass

andsteelroof，isthelandmark(标志)buildingoftheolympics．

"webelievethatwewillorganizea‘magical'games．"saidathenspresidentgianna

angelopoulos-daskalaki．"ourhistorywiththeolympicgainesgoesbacknearly3,000years,

andathenscouldbethebestever．"16theworldtabletennischampionshipsattractsthemostinterestinasiancountries

arightbwrongcnotmentioned

17participationintheoiympicgamesislookeduponasanhonoraswellasanachievement．

arightbwrongcnotmentioned

18manystateleaderswillattendtheopeningceremony．

arightbwrongcnotmentioned

19thegameswillopenwithcyclingeventsbecausetheseeventswilltakeholdoftheworld'sattention．

arightbwrongcnotmentioned

20thefirstmodernolympicswasheldnearlythreecenturiesago

arightbwrongcnotmentioned

21thepanathenianstadiumisthelandmarkbuildingofolympics．

arightbwrongcnotmentioned

22athenshasbeenproventobethebestolympicgames

arightbwrongcnotmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完毕句子(第23~30题，每题1分，共8分)

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务；(1)第23~26题规定从所给旳6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个对旳旳小标题；(2)第27~30题规定从所给旳6个选项中选择4个对旳选项，分别完毕每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡对应旳位置上。

evenintelligentpeoplecanfail

1thestrikingthingabouttheinnovatorswhosucceededinmakingourmodernworldishow

oftentheyfailed．turnonalight，takeaphotograph，watchtv，searchtheweb，jetacrossthe

pacificocean，talkonacellphone(手机)．theinnovatorswholeftusthesethingshadtofindthewaytosuccessthroughamaze(错综复杂)ofwrongtarns．

2wehavejustcelebratedthe125thanniversaryofamericaninnovatorthomasedison's

successinheatingathinlinetowhite．hotheatfor14hoursinhislabinnewjersey，us．hedidmatonoctober22．1879．andfollowedupamonthlaterbykeepingathreadofcommon

cardboardalight(点亮着旳)inanairlessspacefor45hours．threeyearslaterhewentont0light

uphalfasquaremileofdowntownmanhattan，eventhoughonlyoneofthesixpowerplantsin

hisdesignworkedwhenhetamediton，onseptember4，1882．

3"manyof1ife'sfailures．"thesupremeinnovatorsaid．"arepeoplewhodidnotrealizehowclosetheyweretosuccesswhentheygaveup"beforethatmagicalmomentinoctober1879．

edisonhadworkedoutnofewerthan3，000theoriesaboutelectriclight，butinonlytwocasesdidhisexperimentswork．

4noonelikesfailure．butthesmartinnovators1earnfromitmarkgumz,theheadofthe

cameramakerolympusamericainc，attributessomeofthecompany'ssuccessesintechnology

tounderstandingfailure．hispopularphraseis："y0nonlyfailwhenyouquit．"

5overtwocenturies．themostcommonqualityoftheinnovatorshasbeenpersistencethatis

anotherwayofsayingtheyhadtheemotionalabilitytokeepupwhattheyweredoing．walt

disney,thefounderofdisneyland，wassobrokeafterasuccessionoffinancialfailuresthathe

wasleftshoelessinhisofficebecausehecouldnotaffordtheus$1．50togethisshoesfrommerepairshoppioneeringcarmakerhenryf0rdfailedwithonecompanyandwasforcedoutof

anotherbeforehedevelopedthemodeltcar．

6failureishardertobearintoday'sopen．acceleratedworld．hardlyanyinnovationworks

thefirsttime．butanimpatientsocietyandthemediawantinstantsuccess．whenamerican

musicandmoviemasterdavidgeffenhadadifficulttime．acriticsaidnastilythattheonly

differencebetweengeffenrecords(geffen'scompany)andthetitanic(theshipthatwentdown)

wasthatthetitanichadbettermusicactually，itwasn't．afterfouryearsoflosses，geffenhad80manyhits(成功旳作品)hecouldaffordashipasbigasthetitanicantohimself．

第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题背面有4个选项。请根据文章旳内容从每题所给旳4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡对应旳位置上。

第一篇

morethanaridetoschool

thenationaleducationassociationclaims．"theschoolbusisamirrorofthecommunity．"

theyfurtheraddthat,unfortunately,whatappearsontheexterior(外部)doesnotalwaysreflect

therealityofachosencommunity．theyareright．andsometimesitreflectsmore!justaskliesl

densonridingtheschoolbushasbeenmorethanaridetoschoolforlieslbrucehardy．sch001busdriverforalthousebuscompanyhasbeenliesl'sbusdriversincekindergartenlastyearwhenliesl'sfamilymovedtoparkesburg，knowingherbuswentbyhernewresidence，sherequestedtoridethesamebusthisyearlieslisaseniorandwillenjoyherlastyearridingthebus．shesays．"it'sbeenagreatridesofar!mybusdriverissoc001andhasalwaysbeenagoodfriendandagoodlistener．sometimeswhenyou'reachildadultsdonotthinkthatwhatyouhavetosayisimportant．mr．hardyalwayslistenstowhatyouhavetosayandmakesyoufeelimportant．"herfriendsashleybatistaandamandawolfcagree．bracehardyhasbeenmakingoctorarastudentsfeelspecialsince1975．thisyearhewillcelebrate30yearsworkingforalthousebustransportation．companypresident。larrya1thouse

acknowledgesbrucehardy'soutstandingrecord．"youdonotcomebyemployees1ikebruce

thesedays；hehasnevermissedadayofworkandhasaperfectdrivingrecord．recognizedin

bythepennsylvaniaschoolbusassociationfordriving350，000accidentfreemiles，

hardy'sreputationismadefurtherevidentthroughtherelationshipshehasmadewiththe

studentsthatridehisbus''

a1thousefurtheradded．"althousebustransportationwasestablished70yearsagoandhas

beenprovidingqualitytransportationeversincemygrandfatherstartedthebusinesswithone

bus．althousebustransportationisdelightedtohavetheopportunitytobringdistinctiveand

safeservicetoourlocalschoolandcommunityandlooksforwardtocontinuingtoprovide

qualityserviceformanymoreyearstocome．''

threegenerationsofbusinessisnotallthecompanyhasenjoyed．thanksto出iverslike

brucehardy,theyhavebeenbuildingrelationshipsthroughgenerations．liesl'smothercaroi

alsoenjoysfondmemoriesofridingbrucehardy'sbustotheoctorarasch001district．

31theword"mirror''inthefirstlinecouldbebestreplacedby

a"vehicle"．

b"device"

c‘‘company"．

d"reflection"

32howlonghasbrucehardybeenworkingforalthousebustransportation?

afor30years．

bfor70years

csincelastyear．

dsince．

33whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrueofbrucehardy?

aheisc001．

bheisagoodfriend

cheisimpatient．

dhehasdriven350，000accidentfreemiles

34whofoundedalthousebustransportation?

alarryalthouse．

balthouse'sgrandfather

cliesl'smother,

dashleybatista．

35whathasalthousebustransportationbeenmainlyaimingat?

amakingasmuchmoneyaspossible．

bbuildingupitsfame

cdevelopingitsbusiness．

dprovidingthelocalcommunitywithqualityservice

第二篇

don'tcountondung

conservationists(自然保护主义者)maybemiscalculatingthenumbersofthethreatened

animalssuchaselephants．sayafricanandamericanresearchers．theerroroccursbecauseofaflawinthewaytheyestimateanimalnumbersfromthepilesofdung(粪)thecreaturesleave

behind．

themistakecould1eadresearcherstothinkthattherearetwiceasmanyelephantsastherereallyareinsomeregionsaccordingtoandrewplumptreofthewildlifeconservationsociety(wcs)innewyorkbiologistkatypayneofcornelluniversityinithaca，newyork，agrees．‘‘wereallyneedtoknowelephantnumbersandtheevidencethatwehaveisquiteindirect，"sayspayne，whoelectronicallytrackselephantscountingelephantsfromplanesisimpossibleinthevastrainforestsofcentralafrica．soresearchersoftenestimateelephantnumbersbycountingdungpilesinagivenarea．theyalsoneedtoknowtherateatwhichdungdecaysbecauseit'sextremelydifficulttodeterminetheserates．however，researcherscountingelephantsinoneregiontendtorelyonstandarddecayratesestablishedelsewherebutresearchersatthewcshavefoundthatthisdecayratevariesfromregiontoregiondependingontheclimateandenvironmentusingthewrongvaluescanleadthecensusastray(离开正道)，saysplumptre

heandhiscolleagueanthonychifunchanjistudieddecayingelephantdungintheforestsofcameroontheyfoundthatthedungdecayedbetween55and65percentmoreslowlythanthedungintherainforestsofneighbouringgabon．ifresearchersusedecayratesfromgabontocountelephantsincameroon，theywouldprobablyfindmoreelephantsthanareactuallyaround．

thiscouldmeanestimatesincameroonareatleasttwiceashighasthosederivedfrom

decayratescalculatedlocally，saysplumptre"howeveraccurateyourdungdensityestimate

mightbe．thedecayratecanseverelyaffecttheresult"plumptrealsosaysthatthedung-pilecensusshouldbecarriedoutoveraregionsimilarinsizetoanelephant'snaturalrangetheusualtechniqueofmonitoringonlysmall，protectedareasdistortsnumbersbecauseelephantsmoveinandoutoftheseregions，hesays"iftheelephantpopulationincreaseswithintheprotectedarea，youcannotdeterminewhether1tisarealincreaseorwhetheritisduetoelephantsmovinginbecausetheyarebeingpoached(入侵偷猎)outside．"

plumptresaysthatsimilarproblemsmayalsoaffectotheranimalcensusstudiesthatrelyonindirectevidencesuchasnests，tracksorburrows(地洞)36theword"threatened"inthefirstsentenceofthefirstparagraphcouldbebestreplacedbya‘‘endangered"

b"frightened"

c"killed"

d"angered"

37whydoresearchersestimateelephantnumbersinanareabycountingdungpiles?

abecauseelephantsaredifficulttocatch

bbecauseitisnotpossibletocountelephantsfromaplane．

cbecauseitisnotpossibletokeeptrackofelephants．

dbecauseelephantsareshyanimals

38pilesofdungcan'tberelieduponwhenitcomestoestimatingelephantnumbersbecause

atheyaredifferentinsize

btheyscatteranovertheregion．

ctheyaredifferentindecayrate．

dtheyaredifferentinquality．

39accordingtoplumptre，theregionoverwhichadung-pilecensusiscarriedoutshouldbe

asmallenough

bwellprotected．

ccarefullymonitored．

dlargeenough

40thefirstword"he"inparagraph6refersto

aandrewplumptre

bkatypayne．

canthonychifunchanji．

dthewriterofthearticle．

第三篇

morethanjustmoney

whenpatriciarochesterdecidedtogobacktoschoolaftertenyearsasastaffnurseat

torontowesternhospital．heremployernotonlycheeredheron．butalsopaidhertuitionandgaveheradayoffwithpayeveryweektostudy．throughoutheryearsatthehospital，rochester

hasalsotakenworkshopsoneverythingfromcoachingpeerstocareerdevelopment--courses

thatshebelieveshavehelpedheradvanceatwork．"i'mnowheadofthementoring(指导)

programfornewhires．studentsandstaffnurses．"shesays．"there'salotofroomforpersonalimprovementhere．"

perhapsasimportant，rochestersaysheremployersupportsandvaluesherwork．‘‘ifyouputinovertime．"thenursepointsout．"yougetyourmeals-they'11orderinpizzaorgreekfoodorchinese．"andifstaffersfeelstiffandstressedfromtoomanyhoursontheward．theycancallforaflee15-minuteshoulder-and-neckmassage(按摩)orevensignupforaneight-week

eveningcourseonmeditationskillsandstress-relief．ifthat'snotenough，employeescantake

advantageoffivefamilydaysayearthatcanbeusedifthekidscomedownwiththefluoran

agingparentneedsferryingtoanimportantdoctor'sappointmentandtheyhaveaccesstoa

rangeofperks(好处)suchasspecialratesonhotelrooms，drugstorepurchases，andscholarships

foremployees'children．

youmightwonderhowanorganizationcanprovidesuchresourcesandstillsurvive．but

universityhealthnetworkisoneofanumberofprogressiveemployersincanadathathave

discoveredthatinvestinginstaffisgoodbusiness．

ifsuchinitiativeshelpcompaniescutdownonturnover(人员更替)alone，they'rewell

worthwhile．saysprembenimadhu，avice-presidentattheconferenceboardofcanada．itcosts

anywherefrmn$3．300torehiresupportstaff，anaverage$13，300fortechnicalstaffanda

whopping(巨款)$43，000foranexecutiveposition，accordingtoonestudyofconferenceboardmembersinnovativeinitiativeshelpcompaniesattracttalentedemployees，cutdownonsickdays

(whichcostcanadianbusinessesanestimated$17billionayear,oranaverageof$3，550per

employee)andkeepemployeesmoreinterestedintheirwork．withthesubstantialtalentshortagethatalreadyexistsincanadaandtheprospectofmassretirementoverthenextfiveyears-asmanyas50or60percentinsomesectors-benimadhusaysthatintelligentemployersareputtingarenewedfocusonthepeoplewhoworkforthem．

41whenrochesterdecidedtogotoschool，heremployer

apersuadedhertochangehermind

bfiredher．

ccheeredheron．

ddiscouragedher．

42whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasawaytoeaseone'sstiffnessandstress?

atotakeaneight-weekeveningcourseonmeditationskillsandstress-relief．

btocallforaflee15-minuteshoulder-and-neckmassage．

ctousefivefamilydays

dt0askforsickleave

43investmentinstaffhasbeenmotivated

atoattractthepublic'sattention

btoreducestaffturnover,

ctosolvelabordisputes．

dtoshowofffinancialresources

44canadahasbeenshortof

atalentedpeople．

btimber．

cfleshwater．

dmoney．

45inparagraph2，thephrase"comedownwith''couldbebestreplacedby

a"shakeoff'

b"getridof\''．

c"get"．

d‘‘cure"．

第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)

阅读下面旳短文，文章中有5处空白，文章背面有6组文字，请根据文章旳内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡对应旳位置上。readwithgreaterspeeddoyouhavedifficultyreadinginclass?ifso,aspecialreadingprogramthathelpsmatch

soundswithletterscouldspeedupyourbrain．

atleastoneoutofeveryfiveelementaryschoolstudentsintheushastroublelearningt0read，evenwhenthestudentsaregoodatothersubjects．____(46)researchersfromyaleuniversity,us,studiedagroupofchildrenfromnewyorkandconnecticutstate．aspartofthestudy，37strugglingreadersreceivedspecialtutoringeveryday,instructorsworkedwiththemonrecognizinghowwrittenlettersrepresentunitsofsoundcalledphonemes(音素)____(47)bytheendoftheschoolyear，thesechildrencouldreadfasterthanbefore．theyalsomadefewermistakes，andunderstoodmoreofwhattheyreadthantheycouldearlierintheyear,aspartoftheirstudy，theresearchersusedaspecialmachinetotakeactionphotosofthestudents'brains．

___(48)thisisthesamepartofthebrainthatbecomesactivewhengoodreadersread．thisactivatedbrainareaappearstoincludeastructurethathelpspeoplerecognizefamiliarwrittenwordsquickly．inlowerlevelreaders，thisstructureremainsinactive．

ayearlater,thebrainstructurewasstillworkinghardinthestudentswhohadgonethrough

thespecialtutoring，andtheycontinuedtodowellinreadingtests．___(49)however，someresearchersstilldoubtthestudy_____(50)

amanyadultsareinterestedinmatchingsoundswithletters

bthestudentsalsopracticedreadingaloudandspelling

cthebiggestchallengeformanyofthesekids，scientistssay,ismatchingsoundswithletters．

danothergroupinthestudywhowentthroughamoretraditionalreadingprogramdidn't

showthesameprogress．

ethepicturesshowedallincreaseinactivityinthebackofthebrainontheleftside

ftheybelievethatreadingwithoutmakinganynoiseorlinkingwordstosoundsismore

efficient．

第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)

阅读下面旳短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文旳内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡对应旳位置上。

malloffewwords

everyonechasessuccess，butnotallofuswanttobefamoussouthafricanwriterjohnmaxwellcoetzeeis__(51)forkeepinghimselftohimselfwhenthe63-year-oldwasnamedthenobelprizewinnerforliteratureearlierthismonth，reporterswerewarnedthattheywouldfindhim"particularlydifficultto___(52)"．

coetzeelivesinaustraliabutspendspartoftheyearteachingattheuniversityofchicago

heseemed___(53)bythenewsthathewontheus$13millionprize

"itcameasacompletesurprise．1wasn'tevenawaretheywereduetomaketheannouncement，hesaid．

his___(54)ofprivacyledtodoubtsastowhethercoetzeewillattendpnize-givinginstockholm，sweden，ondecember10.butdespitebeingdescribedas____(55)totrackdown，thecriticsagreethathiswritingiseasytogettoknowbornincapetown，southafrica，toallenglish-speakingfamily，coetzee___(56)hisbreakthroughin1980withthenovel"waitingforth