2021高中英语 Unit 3 Computers grammar课件 新人教必修2

Unit3ComputersPeriod

4语法专题课

Lead-inAreyoufamiliarwiththesecomputers?Canyoucallthem?palmtoplaptop/notebookdesktopPCWWPCwrist-worn/wearablePCAwrist-wornPChasbeeninventedrecently.Apen-likecomputerhasalreadybeendeveloped.ThenewcampusofQufuNo.1MiddleSchoolhasalready

beenbuilt.Thehouseshavebeendestroyedbythestorm.I.Readthesentencesfromthetext,payingattentiontotheunderlinedparts.OvertimeIhavebeenchangedquitealot.2.…,Ihavebeenusedinofficesandhomessincethe1970s.3.…IneverforgetanythingIhavebeentold!4.Sincethe1970s,manynewapplicationshavebeenfoundforme.5.Ihavealsobeenputintorobotsandusedtomakemobilephonesas…

Task1.Presentation

II.

Translation

1.Twowindowshavebeenbroken．

2.Thecarhasnotbeenrepaired．

两个窗子被打破了。

这辆汽车还没有被修好。

3．

─Havethecarsbeenrepaired？─No，theyhaven’t．

4．

Howlonghas

herworkbeenfinished？

这些汽车修好了吗？不，还没有。

她的工作完成有多久了？

讲解归纳1.构成：主动语态被动语态现在完成时

have/hasdoneThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice

（现在完成时的被动语态）have/hasbeendone2.现在完成时被动语态的各种句式：[肯定式]

have/has＋been＋done

Yourcomputerhasbeenrepaired.你的电脑已经修好了。[否定式]

have/has＋not＋been＋done

Thedeskshavenotbeencleaned.这些桌子还没有擦干净。[疑问式]Have/Has＋主语＋＋been＋done?—Hasthedoorbeenpainted?那扇门粉粉刷了吗吗？—No，ithasn’t.不，还没没有。[特殊疑问式]疑问词＋＋have／has＋＋主语＋＋been＋doneHowlonghasherworkbeenfinished？她的工作作完成有有多久了了？3.现现在完成成时被动动语态的的主要用用法1)表示过去去发生的的动作对对现在造造成的影影响与结结果。当当动词为为短暂动动词时，，可与already或yet连用，但但不能与与for或since引导的表表示一段段的时间间状语连连用。例例如：I’msorry，butthelettershaven’’tbeentypedyet.很抱歉，，这些信信件还没没有被打打印出来来。(结果是，，现在还还拿不到到这些信信件)Theworkhasalreadybeenfinished.工作已完完成了。。(结果是，，现在不不用做这这项工作作了)2)表示一个个被动的的动作或或状态开开始于过过去，持持续到现现在，并并有可能能持续下下去，常常与for或since引导的时时间状语语连用，，或用于于Howlong...？句型中中。例如如：Theplanhasbeendiscussedfornearly2hours.这项计划划已被讨讨论了近近两个小小时了。。3)用在时间间或条件件状语从从句中，，表示将将来某时时已完成成的动作作，即用用现在完完成时的的被动语语态代替替将来完完成时的的被动语语态。Youcangohomeassoonasyourtaskhasbeenfinished.你的任务务一完成成就可以以回家。。Ⅰ.完成句子子1．由于大大雪，高高速公路路已经被被封闭。。Thefreeway_______________becauseoftheheavysnow.答案：hasbeenclosed2．对不起起，先生生，这次次展览的的门票已已经全部部卖完了了。Sorry，sir，alltheticketsfortheexhibition________________.答案：havebeensoldoutTask2Testyourself!3．这座城市明明年将建多少少座大楼？Howmanyhighbuildings________________inthiscitynextyear?答案：willbebuilt4．为了多种一一些谷物，很很多树被砍掉掉了。Largenumbersoftrees______________togrowmoregrain.答案：havebeencutdown5．我喜欢这部部科幻电影，，它已经在电电视上播了三三次了。Ilikethissciencefictionfilmandit_____________threetimesonTV.答案：hasbeenbroadcastⅡ.单项填空1．Hissisterlefthomein1998，and_______since.A．hadnotbeenheardofB．hasnotbeenheardofC．hadnotheardofD．hasnotheardof解析：选B。考查时态态及语态。。句意为：：他姐姐1998年离家出走走，从此杳杳无音信。。根据句中中since可知本题需需用完成时时，同时根根据句意可可知需用现现在完成时时的被动语语态。故选选B项。2．Thenewdictionariesareveryuseful.They________welland________already.A．sell；havebeensoldoutB．sold；hadsoldoutC．sell；selloutD．aresold；havebeensoldout解析：选A。第一空sell说明主语的的性质，为为不及物动动词用法，，不能用于于被动语态态；第二空空根据副词词already可知“已卖完了”；且sellout(售完)与dictionaries间为被动关关系，故选选A项。3．—Canwesitatthetablenearthewindow?—I’msorry，butit________already.A．wastakenB．tookC．hastakenD．hasbeentaken解析：选D。it代指thetable，和take之间是被动动关系；又又根据already和句意可知知用现在完完成时，故故答案选D项。4.IwanttobuythiskindofclothbecauseI_______thecloth________well.A．havetold；washedB．havebeentold；washesC．havebeentold；washedD．wastold；washed解析析：：选B。根根据据句句意意“因为为我我被被告告知知这这种种布布很很好好洗洗”可知知第第一一空空用用完完成成时时的的被被动动语语态态；；第第二二空空表表示示主主语语具具有有的的属属性性，，用用主主动动表表被被动动，，故故用用washes。Correctthefollowingsentences.1.Apersonalcomputerhasboughtbyus.2.Whathasbeenhappenedtoyou?Apersonalcomputerhasbeenboughtbyus.whathashappenedtoyou?Task3Extension3.Ourcomputerjusthasbeenjoinedtotheinternet.4.ThechildhasbeentakengoodcarebyGrandmaWangalltheseyears.Ourcomputerhasjustbeenjoinedtotheinternet.ThechildhasbeentakengoodcareofbyGrandmaWangalltheseyears.5.Howlonghasthebookbeenborrowed?Howlonghasthebookbeenkept?1.使使用现在在完成时时的被动动语态要要注意以以下几点点:1)现在完成成时的被被动语态态的两个个助动词词，即have/has和been，两者缺缺一不可可。2)只有及物物动词才才有被动动语态，，不及物动动词（词词组）没没有被动动语态,如:happen,takeplace,die,appear,disappear,fail,remain,lie,last,sit,stand,breakout,cometrue,belongto等等．Conclusion:3)副副词的的位置often,usually,always,never,hardly,seldom等副词置置于have/has和been中间。如如:[误]Suchamanhasbeenhardlybelieved.[正]Suchamanhashardlybeenbelieved.4)许许多不不及物动动词加介介词或副副词构成成的短语语动词，相相当于及及物动词词，也可可以有被被动语态态。但短语动动词是一一个不可可分割的的整体，，变为被被动语态时，，不可丢掉掉构成短短语的介介词或副副词。如：e.g.Anoticehasbeenputuponthewall.5)非延续性性动词，，如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等构成的的现在完完成时的的被动语语态不能能与表示示一段时时间的状状语连用用。若要要表达相相应的意意思，则则要改换换动词或或时态。。Ⅰ.用括号内内动词或或词组的的适当形形式填空空1．Morethan5,000usedbikes__________________(collect)sincethetwobrotherssetuptheorganisation.答案：havebeencollected2．Sincethecauseofthisdisease________________(discover)，nowweneedtodevelopthemedicinetotreatit.答案：hasbeendiscoveredTask4Consolidation.3．Overthepasttenyears，thistown__________(hit)twicebyearthquakes.答案：hasbeenhit4．—Willthelecturebeheldat4o’clockthisafternoon?—No.It__________________(putoff)tilltomorrowafternoon.答案：hasbeenputoff5．Hernovelisverypopularamongpeopleofallages；sofarit____________(translate)into25languages.答案：hasbeentranslatedII.Choosethebestanswers.1.Allthepreparationsforthetask____,andwe’rereadytostart.A.completedB.completeC.hadbeencompletedD.havebeendone2.----Howlong____atthisjob?----Since1990.A.wereyouemployedB.haveyoubeenemployedC.hadyoubeenemployedD.willyoubeemployed3.Whenandwheretogofortheon-sa