英语报刊阅读

presentationTheFutureofAbortionMeMeMedia1.TheFutureofAbortion1.Backgroundknowledge2.Vocabulary3.Sentences1.AboutRoev.WadeRoev.Wade,410U.S.113(1973),isalandmarkdecisionbytheUnitedStatesSupremeCourtontheissueofabortion.

InJune1969,NormaL.McCorveydiscoveredshewaspregnantwithherthirdchild.Sheassertedshehadbeenrapedinordertoobtainalegalabortion.(Texaslawallowedabortionincasesofrapeandincest.)However,shefailedtogainpolicereportaboutherbeingraped.Sheattemptedtoobtainanillegalabortion,butfoundtheunauthorizedsitehadbeencloseddownbythepolice.

Eventually,shewasreferredtoattorneysLindaCoffeeandSarahWeddington.In1970,the2attorneysfiledsuitinaU.S.DistrictCourtinTexasonbehalfofMcCorvey(underthealiasJaneRoe).ThedefendantinthecasewasDallasCountyDistrictAttorneyHenryWadewhorepresentedtheStateofTexas.TheyaccusedtheabortioninjunctioninTexasofinfringingherpravicy.Thedistrictcourt'sdecisionwasbaseduponthe9thAmendment,whichensuredpeople'srightaboutpravicy.Butthecourtdidn'tproposeaninjunctionagainsttheanti-abortionlawinTexas.

ThecaseofRoev.WadelaterreachedtheSupremeCourtin1970.TheCourtissueditsdecisiononJanuary22,1973,witha7-to-2majorityvoteinfavorofRoe.Theythoughtthattheanti-abortionlawinTexasdisobeythe9thand14thamendmentsoftheUnitedStatesConstitution.3.BlackmunHarryBlackmun,SupremeCourtJustice(1970-1994),writeroftheCourt'sopinioninthecaseofRoev.Wade.Heupheldpeople'srightofprivacyandwomen'srighttochoosewhethertodelivertheirbabies.4.Websterv.ReproductiveHealthServicesItwasaUnitedStatesSupremeCourtdecisiononJuly3,1989upholdingaMissourilawthatimposedrestrictionsontheuseofstatefunds,facilities,andemployeesinperforming,assistingwith,orcounselingonabortions.5.WilliamRehnquist16thChiefJusticeoftheUnitedStates.He,onbehalfoftheplurality,assertedthattherighttoabortionwasa"libertyinterestprotectedbytheDueProcessclause"subjecttorestrictionbyanylawswhichwouldpermissiblyfurtherarationalstateinterestsuchasprotectingpotentiallife.6.ArguementsandDivergenceofViews1)Women'sinterestsandstateinterestsAwoman,asajuralpersonprotectedbythestateconstitution,havetherighttochoosewhethertohaveaboby.But,thestatehavetheobligationtoprotectpotentiallives.2)Whenpeople'slifebeginortherightoflifebeginBlackmunpointedthatwhenaperson'slifebeginisnotajuralquestion,whichcanbeansweredbythecourt.Onphilosophy,religion,andscience,itcanbeillustrateddifferently.TheFederalConstitutionhaven'tdefineda"person".But,itimpliescontextuallythatthewordreferstothoseafterbirth.Catholicsthinkalifebeginatfertilization,whenthesoulisinserted.Abortionismurderingapersonalike.7.Juristicsolutions1)Blackmun'sopinionoftrimesterofpregnancy.1-12weeks:Abortionislessdangerousthannormaldelivery.Womenhavetherighttochooseabortion.13-24weeks:Abortionbecomeverydangerous.Thegoverment,inordertoperformtheobligationofprotectingitspeople,isabletorestrictabortion.Butthemethodofrestrictioncanonlyensuefromprotectingthepregnantwomen.24-28weeks:Inordertoprotectpregnantwomenortheirbobiespotentiallives,thegovermentcanforbidabortion,unlesstheabortionistosavethepregnantwomen'slives.7.Juristicsolutions2)Rehnquist'semphaticenforcementRequiredoctorstotestfortheviabilityofafetusat20weeks.Aunbornbabyisalsoajuralperson,whopossessestherightoflife(the14thAmentment).8.PolicalInfluenceAsthisarticlementi1d,right-to-lifersandpro-choicershavebeeninfluencingthepoliticsandelectioninAmerica.Bothsidesevenholdlarge-scaledemonstrationduringtheelection.Sometimes,electorsputtheircandidatesintoadilemma.Words

1.lawyer&juristlawyer:n.apersonwhoistrainedandqualifiedtoadvisepeopleaboutthelawandtorepresentthemincourt,andtowritelegaldocuments(文书).在美式英语中attorney较lawyer正式，尤用于职务头衔jurist:n.

apersonwhoisanexpertinlaw法学家；法律学专家2.acidulous

adj.微酸的；带酸味的；尖酸刻薄的；有讽刺意味的（原意）havingasourtaste带酸味的（引申义）尖酸刻薄的词根：acid酸的，酸味的；含酸的3.arenan.1.anareaofactivitythatconcernsthepublic,especiallyonewherethereisalotofoppositionbetweendifferentgroupsorcountries斗争场所；竞争舞台；活动场所2.aplacewithaflatopenareainthemiddleandseatsarounditwherepeoplecanwatchsportsandentertainment圆形运动场；圆形剧场thepolitical/internationalarena政治/国际舞台与stage之间的区别：Stage的英文释义是：Inatheatre,thestageisanareawhereactorsorotherentertainersperform.意思是指在一个剧院,舞台是一个演员或其他艺人表演的地方，比较具体。而arena主要是指抽象的舞台，比如：给年轻人一个舞台，世界舞台等等。4.Nightmaren.1.afrighteningorunpleasantdream噩梦；梦魇2.(informal)anexperiencethatisveryunpleasantorfrightening令人不愉快的经历nightmarish可怕的；恶梦似的；不愉快的5.Chilln.寒冷：表面意思是指气温低，让人感到凉。更多的时候用这个词是用来表达人的心情失落、感受不到家人、爱人、朋友的温暖。

1.afeelingofbeingcold寒冷；寒意；凉意2.anillnesscausedbybeingcoldandwet,causingfever(=shakingofthebody)着凉；受寒afeelingoffear害怕的感觉5.Chillv.tomakesbverycold使很冷；使冰冷whenfoodoradrinkchillsorwhensbchillsit,itismadeverycoldbutitdoesnotfreeze（使）冷却；（被）冷藏tofrightensb使恐惧；恐吓；吓唬

tospendtimerelaxing放松；休息chillout冷静，冷静下来windchill风寒adj.(especiallyofweatherandthewind尤指天气和风)cold,inanunpleasantway寒冷的；冷飕飕的；阴冷的6.Gambitn.1.athingthatsbdoes,orsththatsbsaysatthebeginningofasituationorconversation,thatisintendedtogivethemsomeadvantage开头一招；开局；开场白openinggambit(=thefirstthingyousay)开场白

2.amoveormovesmadeatthebeginningofagameofchessinordertogainanadvantagelater（国际象棋中为获得优势而采取的）开局让棋法（引申为策略）7.Importn.

aproductorservicethatisbroughtintoonecountryfromanother进口；输入的产品（或劳务）foodimportsfromabroad从外国进口的食物

2.theactofbringingaproductorserviceintoonecountryfromanother（产品、劳务的）进口，输入，引进importcontrols进口管制animportlicence进口许可证importsofoil石油的进口importance重要性4.the~(ofsth)themeaningofsth,especiallywhenitisnotimmediatelyclear意思；含意v.1.tobringaproduct,aservice,anidea,oonecountryfromanother进口；输入；引进2.togetdatafromanotherprogram,changingitsformsothattheprogramyouareusingcanreadit导入；输入；移入8.Scrapasmallpieceofsth小片；小块scrapsoffood食物碎屑sththatyoudonotwantanymorebutthatismadeofmaterialthatcanuseagain废物（尤指可回收再利用的）ashortfightorargument（非正式的）争吵，吵架。togetridofsththatyoudonotwantit丢弃；抛弃

scrapmetal废金属steelscrap钢屑，废钢料

scrapiron.铁屑；废铁ascrapofpaper.碎纸片scrapsteel废钢Sentences

1.LastweektheSupremeCourt'sconservativemajorityspoke.Ina5-4decisionwrittenbyChiefJusticeWilliamRehnquist,thecourtupheldtheconstitutionalityofaMissourilaw.上周，最高法院通过了保守党多数的议案。在以5票对4票通过的由最高法院院长威廉伦奎斯特起草的决定中，最高法院确认密苏里州的一项法律是合乎宪法精神的。2.Foronething,therulingrepresentedthefirstrealcrackinthelegalfoundationofRoe,andthelanguageofthemajorityopinionstronglysuggestedthattheRehnquistcourthopestoscrapRoeentirely.一方面，该仲裁显示出了罗案法律基础的第一次真正的裂缝。并且大多数的意见是强烈要求伦奎斯特法庭能够完全废除罗案。3.Tosome,theneweraofabortionpoliticsmeantelectoraltongwarswithabortionasthesolelitmustestofacandidate'sworth—ano-winpropositionforanypoliticianwhoseconstituencyisdividedontheissue.对于一些官员来说，堕胎政治进入新时代，这意味着选举的派系战，堕胎问题是对候选人价值的石蕊实验—对于自己的选民在这个问题上分为两派的政客而言，这是无法取胜的事。4.Thepublicbacksmandatorytestsoffetalviabilitybya21percentmargin,anditoverwhelminglyopposestheuseofpublicmoneyorpublicfacilitiestoterminateapregnancyunlessthemother'slifeisendangered.Italsosupportsmorestringentmedicalstandardsforabortionclinics,eveniftheincreasedcostsforcemanyclinicstoclose.公众以百分之二十一的差额多数支持强制性的胎儿生存能力测试。绝大多数反对使用公家设备或者公款堕胎，除非孕妇的生命受到危及。该议案还提议要对提供堕胎服务的诊所设立更严格的医疗标准，尽管该措施会迫使很多诊所关闭。5.Theresult—acautiousmuddleatthebrinkofnewconstitutionallaw—promptedabristlingattackbyJusticeAntoninScalia,apassionatefoeofabortion."TheWebstercasepreservesachaosthatisevidenttoanyonewhocanreadandcount,"Scaliawrote."Wecannowlookforwardtoatleastanothertermwithcartsfullofmail...andstreetsfullofdemonstratorsurgingus...tofollowthepopularwill…."结果必然会引发一场新的宪法边缘混乱之争，这立刻遭到另外一名坚决反对堕胎的司法部高官AntoninScalia的猛烈攻击.他写道：“韦伯斯特案子制造的混乱状况任何懂常理的人都能看出来，我们就准备在下届会议上收到数车的邮件吧，而且会有满街的示威游行者们敦促我们服从民意….”2.MeMeMedia1.Backgroundknowledge2.Wordsandsentences(Paragraph1to10)3.Wordsandsentences(Paragraph11to20)iMediaAformofmediawhichispersonalizedandtailoredtofitthepreferencesofitsuser.一种为使用者个人专门定制的满足他的喜好的媒体。Tailored：

adj.定做的；裁缝做的；剪裁讲究的Forms

1.collaborativeprojects(Wikipedia)2.blogsandmicroblogs(twitter)3.contentcommunities(youtube)4.socialnetworkingsites(facebook)Collaborative:adj.合作的，协作的FacebookAllowsuserstopostandsharetopicsofpersonalinterest

Itletsconsumerstakepartinpromotinganddistributingmediacontent

They'reabletochoosewhatcontenttoproduce,share,viewanddistributetwitterOneofthemostimportanttoolsusedontwitteristhehashtagTwitterusersareabletohelppromotecontentoftopicalinterest“Withhashtags,wecanreachpeoplethatwenormallywouldn'tgetintroducedtoorhaveinourbodyoffollowers.”Trendingtopicsoccurwhenalargenumberofpeopletweetaboutthemhashtag:散列标签AuthorWarrenBergerisanAmericanjournalistandwriter.HisbookAdvertisingTodayin2001waslatelyincludedinalistofthe“50alltimebestbooksaboutmedia”.EPPC(p6l2)TheEthicsandPublicPolicyCenter(EPPC)isapoliticallyconservativeWashington,D.C.-basedadvocacygroup.Foundedin1976,thegroupdescribesitselfas“dedicatedtoapplyingtheJudeo-Christianmoraltraditiontocriticalissuesofpublic”.JeffJarvis(p12l4)JeffJarvisisanAmericanjournalist,professor,publicspeaker.HeadvocatestheOpenWebandarguesthattherearemanysocialandpersonalbenefitstolivingamorepubliclifeontheinternet.Nowheisalsoaco-hostonThisWeekinGoogle,aliveshowwhichcoversGoogleandcloudcomputing.ParagraphonetotenWordsaisle[ail]

n.通道，走道；侧廊upbeat['ʌpbi:t](upbeatsongs)

n.兴旺；上升；弱拍

adj.乐观的；上升的;cheerfulandhappychronicle['krɔnikl]n.编年史，年代记；记录

vt.记录；把…载入编年史wasteland[‘weistlænd,-lənd](televisionwasteland泛滥的电视节目)

n.荒地，不毛之地；未开垦地，荒漠；（精神或文化bubble['bʌbl]

n.气泡，泡沫，泡状物；透明圆形罩，圆形顶

vi.沸腾，冒泡；发出气泡声

vt.使冒泡；滔滔不绝地说bud[bʌd]

n.

芽，萌芽；蓓蕾，骨朵；未成熟的人，少男少女；〈美〉刚进社交界的姑娘

vi.

发芽，长出蓓蕾；开始发育；

<植>芽接上的）贫乏techie

['teki]

n.高科技专家；热衷电子学的电子迷；技师

fray[frei]n.争论；打架；磨损处

vt.使磨损；变得令人紧张、急躁

vi.被磨损demographic[,demə'græfik,-kəl]

adj.人口统计学的；人口学的gamut

['gæmət]

n.全音阶；全音域；整个范围braces

['breisiz]

n.背带；吊带（brace的复数）trace

[treis]

vi.追溯；沿路走

vt.追踪，查探；描绘；回溯

n.痕迹，踪迹；微量；[仪]迹线；缰绳thumb

[θʌm]

vt.翻阅；以拇指拨弄；作搭车手势；笨拙地摆弄

vi.用拇指翻书页；竖起拇指要求搭车

n.拇指proliferation

[prəu-,lifə'reiʃən]

n.增殖，扩散；分芽繁殖pundit

[‘pʌndit]

n.行家，权威，专家；dub

[dʌb]（dubbed被译为）

vt.配音；轻点；打击；授予称号

n.笨蛋；鼓声notwithstanding

[,nɔtwiθ'stændiŋ,-wið-]

adv.尽管，仍然

prep.尽管，虽然

conj.虽然gadget

[gæ,dʒets]

n.小配件；小工具gizmo

['gizməu]

n.小发明（等于gismo）fuel

[‘fjuəl]

（fuelled被刺激）

vi.得到燃料

vt.供以燃料，加燃料

n.燃料；刺激因素banter

['bæntə]

n.（善意的）戏谑；逗弄

vt.善意地取笑；逗弄

vi.开玩笑；谈笑Phrasessealoff封闭；把…封锁起来listeningbooth音乐世界tuckaway

藏起来；畅饮；大吃

Tomakechildrencomfortableinbedforsleep.turnone’sbackon不理睬abubblingstewofavarietyofkeeptabsononeanothertowatchsb.carefullytocheckwhathe/sheisdoingAbbreviationsDVR（digitalvideorecorder）数字视频录像机RSS（ReallySimpleSyndication）真正简易聚合[一种用于共享新闻和其他Web内容的数据交换规范，用它可以订阅博客和新闻等]On

her

computer

web

log,

or

“blog,”

she

types

an

online

journal

chronicling

daily

news

of

her

life

(recipes,

family

updates,

or

“whatever

floats

my

boat”

),

then

shares

it

all

with

the

web.在她的电脑网络日志，或者“博客”，她写了在线日志来记录她生活中的一系列新鲜事（食谱，家庭更新，或者“一切我想写的事”），然后把它们都分享到网络上。SomecomplexsentenceArbritron’sseniorvicepresidentBillRosesaysthestudyshowsthattheappealofdo-it-yourselfmediaisalreadycrossingdemographiclinesandwillcontinuetospread.Arbritron的高级副总裁BillRose说这项研究表明做自己的媒体这个呼吁在各个人种中都有反应并且会继续扩散。RosenandotherstracethebeginningsoftheiMediarevolutiontotheinventionoftheTVremotecontrol,whichmarkedthefirstsubtleshiftofmediacontrolawayfrombroadcastersandintothehandsoftheaveragecouchpotato.Rosen和其他人追溯媒体革命的开始到电视遥控器发明的历程，这个发明标志着媒体控制的第一次巧妙的改变，使得其从播报器到了平常爱看电视的人手中。Observerssaythetrendhasbeenfuelledbyrestlesscreativityamongthosepeopleformerlyknownastheaudience–whowillnolongersitstillformass-produced,

one-size-fits-allmedia.观察家说原先是受众的那些人所具有的永不停止的创造力促进了这一变革，他们不再愿意坐等媒体大量生产的所有受众全都一样的内容。KeysentenceAllofthesenewdevelopmentsnotwithstanding,there’smoretotheiMediacrazethangadgets,gizmosandadditionalchannels.Thereismoreto…than…There

is

more

to

lifethanbasketball篮球并不是生命的所有Paragrapheleventotwentyunleash[英][ʌn'li:ʃ][美][ʌnˈliʃ]vt.解开…的皮带;

放纵;

解除…的束缚;

发泄;

释放；Utopia乌托邦grassroots[英]['gra:sˌru:ts][美]['gra:sˌru:ts]n.基层，基层民众;

草根;

adj.基层的;

草根的;

乡村的;

envision[英][ɪn'vɪʒn][美][ɛnˈvɪʒən]vt.想像，预见，展望;

scenario[英][sɪˈneəri:ˌəʊ,-ˈnɑ:-,-ˈnær-][美][sɪˈnɛriˌo,-ˈnɑr-,-ˈnær-]n.（行动的）方案;

剧情概要;

分镜头剧本;

fret[英][fret][美][frɛt]n.[建筑]回纹饰，状饰物;

烦躁，烦恼;

腐蚀处，磨损处;

弓上木头的毛病;

v.磨损，腐蚀;

焦急;

使烦恼;

用回纹装饰;

vi.烦恼;

磨损;

焦急;

mass-marketadj.销售量大的；畅销的;pent-up[英][ˌpentˈʌp][美][ˈpɛntˈʌp]adj.被压抑的;

被抑制的;

幽闭的;

郁结;

fractious[英][ˈfrækʃəs][美][ˈfrækʃəs]adj.易怒的，急躁的;

narrow-minded[英][ˈnærəʊˈmaɪndɪd][美][ˈnæroˈmaɪndɪd]adj.心胸狭窄的，偏执的;

adv.目光短浅地;

hostile[英][ˈhɔstail][美][ˈhɑstəl,-ˌtaɪl]adj.敌人的，敌对的;

怀有