四级Translations翻译训练详解

Translations汉译英，共5个句子，一句一题，句长为15-30词，句子的一部分已用英文给出，要求考生根据全句意思将汉语部分译成英语。

翻译需符合英语的语法结构和表达习惯，要求用词准确。

if从句

主句与现在的事实相反过去式；be-werewould/should/could/might+do与过去的事实相反haddonewould…+havedone与将来的事实相反(1)过去式、were

2)were+todo(3)should+dowould…+do错综时间条件句虚拟条件从句和主句动作发生的时间不一致e.g.IfIhadn’tstoodundertheladdertocatchyouwhenyoufell,you_______________(现在就不能这样笑了）if从句里有were,had,should,could时，可以省略if,把were,had,should,could放在主语之前，用倒装结构。要是你早些告诉我的话，我是不会签那份合同的Ifyouhadinformedmeearlier,Iwouldn’thavesignedthecontract.虚拟语气在从句中的使用Wish宾语从句1）现在were/动词过去式2）过去had+过去分词3）将来would/should/could/might+动词原形2.Ifonly要是……就好了1）现在过去式2）过去过去完成式3.虚拟语气用在suggest等的宾语从句里demand,command,require,order,request,desire,decide,promise,determine,recommend,advise,resolve,advocate…(意念，祈使，态度动词后）(should)+do4.虚拟语气用在suggestion等名词后的主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句中advice,demand,order,decision,proposal,requirement,request,desire,recommendation等+(should)do5.Itis+a.+that…advisable,desirable,necessary,important,essential,proper,strange,urgent,vitalapity,ashame,(should)do6.虚拟语气用在目的状语中forfearthat,incase,lest(should)doe.g.ShealwaysstudieshardlestsheshouldlagbehindTakeyourraincoatincaseitshouldrain.7.asif/though8.Wouldrather/sooner动词原形表示现在或将来情况下的一种主观愿望或选择I’drathergotheretoday2)现在完成式，表示过去的某种选择不恰当Iwouldratherhavestayedathome(thanwenttothedullfilm)特殊句型强调句型Itis/was+被强调的部分+that/who句子的其他部分2.倒装句型否定含义的副词或短语位于句首作状语时neither,never,nor,seldom,hardly,barely,scarcely,notuntil,bynomeans,innocase,innoway,onnocondition…2)only位于句首修饰状语或宾语only位于句首修饰主语时，句子则不要倒装3）虚拟语气的倒装3.比较结构as+形容词/副词原级+asmore+形容词/副词原级+thanSheisshierthanhersisterSheismoreshythanunfriendlyno形容词/副词的比较级+than同……一样

ThecakeisnoworsethantheoneIbakedlastweek.What引导的从句-主语，宾语，表语Whatyoudidhasnothingtodowithme.The+比较级，the+比较级“to”动名词adaptoneselfto/adhereto,stickto,clingto/admitto,confessto/contributeto,/keepto,/leadto/lookforwardto/objectto,beopposedto/taketo/seeto/besubjectto/getusedto,beaccustomedto,/beaddictedto,abandononeselfto/becommittedto,bededicatedto,bedevotedtoHavingspentsometimeinthecity,hehadnotrouble__________(找到去历史博物馆的路）

___________(为了挣钱供我上学），motheroftentakeonmoreworkthanisgoodforher.Theprofessorrequiredthatwe____(我们交研究报告）byWednesday.Themoreyouexplain,_______(我愈糊涂）

Thoughaskilledworker,_________(他被公司解雇了）lastweekbecauseoftheeconomiccrisis2006.6Specialistsininterculturalstudiessayitisnoteasyto________(适应不同文化中的生活）

SincemychildhoodIhavefoundthat______(没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力）

Thevictim______(本来会有机会活下来）ifhehadbeentakentohospitalintime.Somepsychologistsclaimthatpeople_________(出门在外时可能会感到孤独）

Thenation’spopulationcontinuestorise_______(以每年1200万的速度）

2006.121）Thefindingofthisstudyfailedto________(将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内）2）ThepreventionandtreatmentofAIDSis______(我们可以合作的领域）3）Becauseoftheleginjury,theathlete_______(决定退出比赛）4）Tomakedonationorformoreinformation,please________(按以下地址和我们联系）5）Pleasecomehereattentomorrowmorning_______(如果你方便的话）2007.6______(多亏了一系列的发明),doctorscantreatthisdiseasesuccessfully.Inmysixties,onechangeInoticeisthat________(我比以前更容易累了）

Iamgoingtopursuethiscourse,______(无论我要做出什么样的牺牲）

Iwouldprefershoppingonlinetoshoppinginadepartmentstorebecause__________(它更加方便和省时）

ManyAmericansliveoncredit,andtheirqualityoflife__________(是用他们能够借到多少来衡量），nothowmuchtheycanearn2007.12(1)Oureffortswillpayoffifresultsofthisresearch_____(能应用于新的技术的开发）(2)Ican’tbootmycomputernow.something_______(一定出了毛病）(3)Leavingone’sjob,________(不管是什么工作）isadifficultchangeevenforthosewholookforwardtoretiring.(4)_________(与我成长的地方相比）thistownismoreprosperousandexciting.(5)________(直到他完成使命）didherealizethathewasseriouslyill.2008.6Medicalresearchersarepainfullyawarethattherearemanyproblems_______(他们至今还没有答案）

______(大多数父母所关心的）isprovidingthebesteducationpossiblefortheirchildren.You’dbettertakeasweaterwithyou________(以免天气变冷）

Throughtheproject,manypeoplehavereceivedtrainingand_________(决定自己创业）

Theanti-virusagentwasnotknown________(直到一名医生偶然发现了它）

2008.12Soonafterhetransferredtothenewschool,Alifoundthathehad______(很难跟上班上的同学）inmathandEnglish.Ifshehadreturnedanhourearlier,Mary______(就不会被大雨淋了）

Itwassaidthatthosewhoarestressedorworkingovertimeare_______(更有可能增加体重）

_________(很多人所没有意识到的）isthatSimonisaloverofsports,andfootballinparticular.Thestudyshowsthatthepoorfunctioningofthehumanbodyis________(与缺乏锻炼密切相关）

2009.6Youwouldnothavefailedifyou_____(按照我的指令去做）

Despitethehardshipheencount