选修7-unit1-words-重点单词讲解

1.disability.n disable.vt disabled.adj

disability既有可数又有不可数.表示“残疾”用作可数，表示“无能，劳动能力丧失”用作不可数；disable表示“使残疾，使…能力丧失”;disabled表示“残疾的，伤残的”，常用于thedisabled

表“残疾人”选词填空:disability,disable,disabled,disablementHegetsmoneyfromtheGovernmentbecauseofhis____________.The________aretoreceivemoremoney.Anaccident________himfromplayingfootball.Manysoldierswere___________inthewar.disabilitiesdisableddisableddisabled2.Whathavetheydonetotrytoovercomethesedifficulties?他们做了哪些努力来克服这些困难？

trytodosth.与trydoingsth.

trydoingsth.意为试着做某事,而trytodosth.

意为努力做某事2.ambitionn.

野心;雄心

ambitiousadj.有雄心的;野心勃勃的

beambitiousforsth/todosth

对(做)某事怀有雄心/热切的希望

ambitiouslyadv.野心勃勃地

Eg:Aboywhoisambitious/filledwithambitionusuallyworkshard.完成句子:Mothersareoftenhighly_____________(怀有热切的期望)theirchildren.Iam____________________(热切希望能成功)inlife.His____________________________(要做首相的雄心)islikelytoberealized.ambitiousforambitioustosucceedambitiontobecomeprimeministerSuitable1.besuitabletodosthHeissuitabletodothejob.2.Sbbesuitableforsth…Sthbesuitabletosb…..某人适合干某事Heissuitableforthejob.Thejobissuitabletohim.3.Sheisproudtohavetakenpartincompetitionsandtohavebrokenarecordbyrunningtwolapsthisyear.今年她参加了多次比赛，而且打破了两圈(800米)赛跑的纪录。1)proudbeproudofsth.beproudtodobeproudthatYourachievementsaresomethingtobeproudof.Ifeelveryproudto

beasinger.Heisproudthatheisanexcellentteacher.2)tohavedone是不定式的完成形式，这种形式表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前。Shesaidshewassorrytohavemissedyou.她说她是很遗憾没有见到你。Hedoesn’tseemtohavetoldalie.他不像是说过谎的样子。Sheseemstohavebeenanurse.她好像当过护士。3.beneficialadj有益的;受益的bebeneficialto…对什么有益

benefitn.

利益,好处

vt.

有益于,有助于

vi.

受益

AbenefitB有益于….Bbenefitsfrom/byA受益于beofbenefitto…对…有益forthebenefitof为了…的利益阳光对植物有益.Sunshine_____________plants.Sunshine_____________plants.Sunshine__________plants.Plants____________sunshine.isbeneficialtoisofbenefittobenefitsbenefitfrom4.Inotherwords,therearenotmanypeoplelikeme.

换句话说,像我这样的人并不多。

inotherwords

意为“换句话说”

inword

在口头上

inwords

用言语来表达

ina/oneword

简言之,总之Beartheminyourmind!

[考例]Yourperformanceinthedrivingtestdidn’treachtherequiredstandard

—______,youfailed.(NMET1999)A.intheend B.afterallC.inotherwordsD.atthesametime[点拨]

根据句中的“didn’treachtherequiredstandard”和“youfailed”，可知是“换句话说”，故选C。intheend最终，最后；afterall毕竟,终究；atthesametime同时。4.clumsy(1)笨拙的,不灵巧的You,clumsyguy！You’veknockedovermycoffee！瞧你这笨蛋！你碰翻了我的咖啡！(2)不机灵的,不圆滑的Sheisaclumsygirl.她不是一个机灵的女孩.(3)beclumsywithsth/atdoingsth

在…方面不灵巧He_________________chopsticks.He_________________chopsticks.

他使用筷子很笨拙isclumsywithisclumsyatusing

5.adaptvt.

使适应;改编

adapt(oneself)to使(自己)适应

adaptsthfor改编某物

adaptsthfrom根据…改编某物翻译:要把这故事改编成电影很难.It’shardtoadaptthestoryforthefilm.介词填空:Theplayisadapted_______anovel.Thisbookisadapted_______beginners.Whenyougotoanewcountry,youmustadaptyourself____newcustoms.Novelsareoftenadapted______thestage,televisionandradio.fromfortoforadapt:指修改或改变以适应新条件adjust:多指“调整,调节”使之适应fit:多指“大小适合”，引申为“吻合”suit:多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情况”match:指“大小、色调、形状、性质”等相配或相称辨析:adapt,adjust,fit,suit,match1).Youcan’tseethroughthetelescopeuntilitis________toyoureyes.2).Theshoes___mewell.3).Aredjacketdoesn’t______greentrousers.4).Nodish______alltastes.5).Youshould______yourselftothenewenvironment.adjustedfitmatchsuitsadaptExerciseMymottois:liveonedayatatime.(P2)我的座右铭是：活一天算一天。atatimeattimesatonetimeatthesametimeatanytimeallthetimeintimeontimeinnotimefromtimetotimeaheadoftimehaveagoodtime一次，依次,每次有时(过去）有个时期，一度，曾经同时随时一直及时准时立刻时不时地提前玩得很开心

JoanandIweregoodfriends.ShewasakindgirlandIcouldgotoherforhelpIhadanydifficultybecauseIknewshewouldalwayssolvetheproblem.Joanwasclever,andshewasdiligent.Shelikedtofinishherhomeworkandthenshecouldhavetimetopractisewriting.Joanalsolikedwalking._______________wewouldtakeawalkalongtheriverbankaftersupper.Joanhadagoodmemory.Onedaysherecitedmorethantwentylongpoems____________whenwewerewalkingalongtheriver.AtonetimeatanytimeintimeatthesametimeaheadoftimeFromtimetotimeatatime7.UntilIwastenyearsoldIwasthesameaseveryoneelse.一直到我大约十岁时,我都和其他人一样。until直到......为止conj.

后接时间状语从句,也可用语强调结构。Peopledon’tknowthevalueofhealthuntiltheylostit.8.Iusedtoclimbtrees,swimandplayfootball.我过去常常爬树、游泳和踢足球。

usedto表示过去经常的或持续的行为,现在已经不再发生。常用助动词did帮助构成否定句和疑问句。也可用usedn’t构成否定。Youusedtosmoke,usedn’tyou?/didn’tyou?usedto与wouldusedto指过去的状况,也可指习惯,现在并非如此，而would多指过去动作的反复,与现在无关。Hewouldgototheparkassoonashewasfree.Heusedtobeanaughtyboy.usedtodo,beusedtosth./doingsth.和beusedtodousedto表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，但现在已不再发生或存在。beusedtosth./doingsth.

表示“习惯于”beusedtosth.

意为“被用来做某事”cutout

删（省/切）掉；戒掉（不好的习惯等）Let’scutouttheunimportantdetails.我们来把不重要的细节删掉。You’dbettercutoutsmoking.你最好把烟戒掉。

cutdowncutupcutacrosscutthrough

cutoff砍倒，削减；切碎；抄近路穿过；剪断、（抄近路）穿过；切断（联系），中止（供应）1.Hewas____________fromhisfellows.2.He__________________thefieldssoasnottobelate.3.Youcan__________onothereveningactivitieslikewatchingTVandgetmoresleep.4.Ifyouwanttokeepit,youcan___________thepicturewiththescissors.cutoutcutdowncutacross(through)cutoff6.breathn.呼吸;气息

outofbreath上气不接下气

holdone’sbreath不出声;屏息

getone’sbreath(again/back)喘过气来;恢复过来

loseone’sbreath喘不过气来;呼吸困难

takeadeepbreath作一次深呼吸

takesb’sbreathaway使某人大吃一惊

breathevt.呼吸

breathingadj.呼吸(着)的

breathlessadj.屏息的1.Iwasall_____whenIgottothetopofthemountain.A.heldmybreathB.outofbreathC.takenadeepbreathD.takenmybreathaway2.We_____whileMrEvansreadtheexamresults.A.tookadeepbreathB.outofbreathC.gotourbreathbackD.heldourbreath

everytime可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。类似词有：

thefirst/lastime,themoment,theminute,theday,theyear…

译一译：1.EverytimeIturntohimforhelp,heisalwaysgenerous.2.IwasreallyscaredthefirsttimeIsawasnake.3.IgotstartedthemomentIreceivedyourletter.4.IsentyouthenewstheinstantIheardit.5.Hissonwasbroughtintotheworldthedayhewentabroad.7.absencen.缺席;不在(某处)absenceofmind心不在焉;神不守舍

absentadj.缺席的;不在的vt.使缺席;使离开

beabsentfrom缺席;不在

完成句子:MrGreenwillbeincharge__________________(在我离开期间).Whywereyou__________________(旷课)yesterday?in/duringmyabsenceabsentfromschool生气angry8.annoy惹恼,使…感到生气annoyed生气的(修饰人)(adj)annoying令人生气的(修饰物)(adj)Iwas

atthe

news.annoyedannoying常见用法beannoyedwithsb.for/at(doing)sth.对(某人)为(某事)而生气beannoyedat/about/bysth因…而生气这些苍蝇正使我感到烦恼.Theseflies_____________me.夜间不要大声唱歌,以免打扰邻居.Don’t______yourneighbours_____singingloudlyatnight.因为玛丽忘了给她打电话,她就很生玛丽的气.She_______________Mary___forgettingtocallher.areannoyingannoybywasannoyedwithfor9.

allinall总而言之

aboveall首先;最重要的是

afterall毕竟;终究

firstofall首先

notatall根本不;别客气

forall虽然;尽管

inall总共;总之选词填空:allinall,aboveall,afterall,forall,inall________herwealth,sheisnothappy.Youmust,_________,beloyaltoyourcountry.Therearefivehundredbooksontheshelf______.Everyonemakesmistakes,and_________,heisonlyachild.Thebookhassomeweakspots,but_________Iconsideritasuccess.Forallaboveallinallafterallallinall

Idon’thavetimetositaround

feelingsorryformyself.

我没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。

tositaround在句中作定语，修饰time，意思有“无所事事;闲坐

;围成一圈而坐

;坐着不干，袖手旁观”

Somepeoplearesittingaroundwhileothersaredoingallthework.

有些人坐着无所事事,而另一些人却在干所有的工作。

feelingsorryformyself是一个现在分词短语,在句中作状语,表示伴随的情况。

Hesatthereinsilence,doingnothing.

Aswellasgoingtothemoviesandfootballmatches,…

此句中，aswellas相当于inadditionto，除了……

当AaswellasB的短语为主语时，谓语动词与A保持一致。

1.Hiswifeaswellashischildren_______invitedtotheparty.2.Hischildrenaswellashiswife_______invitedtotheparty.waswere

与aswell比较：

aswell也，还，同样常放在句末作状语，前面不用逗号分开

IcanseehowEnglishisusedineverydaylifeaswell.

有时也放在句首，常用逗号隔开

Aswell,IcanseehowEnglishisusedineverydaylife.worth作表语不作定语worthy做表语及定语worthwhile作表语及定语worth的用法:1.beworth(…钱）值…钱2.beworth+n.值得…3.beworthdoing

（不用被动，主动表被动）=beworthyof

beingdone/beworthytobedone例句：1.Thebookisworth50yuan.2.Thebookisworthourattention.3.Thebookisworthreading.4.Thebookisworthofbeingread/toberead.

worthy的用法aworthy+名词beworthyof+名词beworthyof+doing(beingdone)/todo(tobedone)例句1.aworthycause崇高的事业2.Thebookisworthyofourattention.3.Thebookisworthyofbeingread/toberead.worthwhile可以做表语及定语aworthwhile+名词Itisworthwhiletodo/doingsth例句：aworthwhilecause崇高的事业Itisworthwhiletoreadthebook/readingthebook.嘲笑,取笑laughatsb.10.makefunofItisnotpoliteto

thedisabled.makefunofmakefunofsb.makefoolsofsb.laughatsb.playajokeonsb.teasesbaboutsth.11.conduct

n.行为;品行vt.指挥;管理

conductoneself为人;表现

conductor

n.管理人;指挥;售票员完成句子:Theguide_________________________(带领游客参观了)themuseum.I’mgladtosee____________________(你在校的行为)hasimproved.Thereporterwascriticizedfor__________________(不专业行为).conductedthevisitorsroundyourconductatschoolunprofessionalconduct12.resign.

vt,vi.

resignfrom

从……辞职

resignas

辞去作为……的职务eg:Sheresigned

assecretaryafterthreeyears.Heresignedfromajob.（常与to连用）听从，顺从，甘心于短语:resignoneselfto使(自己)听任,顺从翻译:他只好听天由命了. Heresignedhimselftohisfate.当AaswellasB的短语为主语时,谓语动词与A保持一致.如:Hiswifeaswellashischildrenwasinvitedtotheparty.HeaswellasIwantstogoboating.Air,aswellaswater,isneededtomakeplantsgrow.空气和水都是植物生长所必需的。13.Aswellasgoingto…

aswell也,还,同样常放句末作状语,前面不用逗号分开;有时也放于句首,后面常用逗号分开.如:IcanseehowEnglishisusedineverydaylifeaswell.Aswell,IcanseehowEnglishisusedineverydaylife.14.assistance(n)

(v)

(n助手)①.Ourgovernmentoftenofferseconomic(经济上的)

topoorfamilies.②.It’sverykindofherto

meindoingmyhomework.assistv.assistsb.indoingsth.assistsb.withsth.assistsb.todosth.assistassistantassistanceassist

15.courage(n)勇气

(v鼓励)

（n鼓励）

(adj令人鼓舞的)

（adj受鼓舞的）encourageencouragementencouragingencouragedIdidn’tdaretospeakEnglishinclassduetomylackof

,soIfailedinmyEnglishtest.Myfatheralways

metotryspeakingEnglishloudlyinfront