单项填空解题技巧

TechniquesUsedinMultipleChoice（单项选择解题技巧）教学目标：1.复习巩固基础知识在语境中的灵活运用。2.通过分析比较，总结归纳，准确把握命题者的命题思路，采取不同的解题策略，举一反三，提高单选的正确率。3.通过合作，探究，讨论学习，自评和互评相结合，提高学生协作能力，达到互帮互学，共同享受学习成果的学习目的。教学重点：学习如何分析句子，通过训练掌握不同的解题技巧。教学难点：如何排除干扰信息，克服思维定势，战胜陷阱题。AreyoutroubledbytheMultipleChoice?单项填空，你是我的痛！

基础题，人人会做，显不出优势；高难题，人人不会做，拉不开距离；陷阱题，表面看起来很容易，但其中隐含机关，预设陷阱，如果你理解角度不对、分析思路不活、做题方法不当、使用技法不巧等，可能掉入命题人为你精心准备的陷阱。单项填空的命题要点介词搭配1代词1冠词1情景交际2特殊句子结构1/2状语从句（连词）1名词性从句1定语从句1情态动词1非谓语动词2动词时态语态2重庆高考单项填空的命题特征1.知识覆盖面广2.语境地位突出交际性原则明确3.试题题干新颖4.迷惑性较大

灵活性较高Step1Step2

解题要素：分析句子结构回归五大基本句型：

1.主谓2.主谓宾3.主系表4.主谓宾宾5.主谓宾补句子基本成分：主语谓语宾语定语(从句)状语(从句)补语修饰语构成句子基本主干构成句子基本主干分析句子结构，找出句子主句。TheoldEnglishteacher

whoretiredtenyearsagowillgiveusatalkonhowtostudyEnglishwell

whenheisfreenextweek.主句：

Task1：Pairwork修饰语：什么是主句？主句是复杂句中_______________的句子。

不带连接词谓语Shesaw宾语thatherboss,Mr.Foss，wasdeadonthefloor.WhenMrs.Greengottotheofficeearlyyesterdaymorningwhoworksinabigcompany，主语时间状语从句定语从句2.WhenMrs.Green,whoworksinabigcompany,gottotheofficeyesterdaymorning,shesawthatherboss,Mr.Foss,wasdeadonthefloor.PairworkSummary:1.解题时分析句子结构，找到主谓宾.在分析复杂句时，找到主句。

2.注重意群理解(groupmeaning)

第一类出题特点：题干中不明确标示解题关键信息，而是比较巧妙地隐含在句子中。

Step2解题策略：分析以下句子结构，把握命题特点，采取不同的策略。

Task2:比较不同的语境,找到关键词。(pairwork)1.①（原题）

－HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?

－I

havenoidea.He_____itthismorning.②（改编）－HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?

－Yes.He______itthismorning.A.did B.hasdoneC.wasdoing D.haddonecA2.①（原题）

--WhichofthethreewaysshallItaketothevillage?--______wayasyouplease.②（改编）

--Whichofthe

twowaysshallItaketothevillage?--______wayasyouplease.A.EachB.EveryC.AnyD.EitherDC

以语境为切入点,认真思考。不放过任何细节，把握住题干里所隐藏的信息、关键词。把握_______Skill1语境第二类出题特点：题干以疑问句、被动句、强调句、省略句、倒装句,感叹句等形式，避开考生所熟悉的陈述句结构，从而加大难度。有时题干较长,加入了从句、插入语等修饰部分。Task3(Groupwork)

如何还原题干结构，回归基本句型？

1.(2~3mins)Discussyouranswersingroupsandrewritethesentences.Thenwriteyouranswersontheblackboard.

Group1(1—2)

Group2(3—4)Group3(5—6)Group4(7—8)Group5(9—10)Group6(11—12)Group7(13—16)Group8(17—18)2.(小组互评）Thelattergrouptriestochecktheanswersoftheformergroup.(后一组检查前一组的答案。)Ifyouhavedifferentideas,writedownyouranswers.1.Whomwouldyouratherhave___withyou?

A.togo

B.go

C.gone

D.going

测试知识点：使役动词havesb.dosth.

还原为:Youwouldratherhavewhom___withyou.

一、将疑问句改成陈述句2.---Whomdidyou________thepackageatthepostoffice?---Jack.havefetchedB.havefetchC.havetofetchD.havefetching还原为：Ihad__(Jack)__

fetchthepackage.实战演练Whodidtheboss_____hiscarthistime?A.makewash

B.maketowash

C.makewashing

D.makingtowashThebossmadewho/whom_____hiscarthistime.wash3.Timeshouldbemadegooduseof___ourlessonswell.

A.learning

B.learned

C.tolearn

D.learns

Weshouldmakegooduseoftime____ourlessonwell.4.Studentswillbepunishediftheyarefound______cellphonesinclass.AtoplayBplayingCbeingplayedDhavingplayed.

…ifteachersfindthem______cellphonesinclass.二、改被动句为主动句5.

Itwas_____theoldclockthattheoldmanspentthewholemorningathome．

A．repairB．repairing C．torepairD．inrepair6.＿＿＿＿＿whatlittleTomsaidtohismothersounded!A.

WhatreasonableB.

HowareasonableC.

HowreasonableD.Whatareasonable

还原为：Theoldmanspentthewholemorning____theoldclockathome．三、特殊句型还原成正常语序还原为:WhatlittleTomsaidtohismothersounded＿＿＿＿!四、补充省略成分7.----Whatmadeyousohappy?-----_______.A.

Becauseofmypassingtheexam.B.Ipassedtheexam.C.BecauseIpassedtheexam. D.Mypassingtheexam.8.____whendoesthepubstayopen?”

“Aboutmidnight.”A.Since

B.Before

C.Until

D.After

______

mademesohappy.Thepubstaysopen_______aboutmidnight.That9.Hebelievesinhimself，______，

inmyopinion,isof

themostimportance．

A．thatB．whichC．whatD．As10.Nobodybelievedhisreasonforbeingabsentfromtheclass_____hewasill.

A．whyB．whereC．thatD．because()

五、去掉插入语、分词结构、从句等()

将不熟悉的疑问句，倒装句，被动句，强调句等还原为熟悉的陈述句；也可将残缺的部分补出或将插入语等多余的部分删除。Oh,Isee.Skill2把句子__________还原或化简第三类出题特点：利用思维定势的影响设计的题目是最容易让我们上当的题目。11.Iwillspendawholeevening_____inyourroomwaitingforthethieftoarrive.

A.locking

B.inlocking

C.beinglocked

D.locked12.Thecountrylifehewasusedto__greatlysince1992.change B.haschangedC.changing D.havechanged

正确分析句子结构，正确理解意群，避免定势思维，记住常见的、重要的词、词组及句型加以反复训练，以加深印象，以避免思维定势的干扰。Skill3避免定势思维

第四类出题特点：英汉在表达习惯，思维方式等方面具有很多不同，出题者常利用汉英差异出题。13.---It’sgettinglate.I’mafraidImustbegoingnow.

---OK.______A.Takeiteasy.B.Goslowly.C.Staylonger.D.Seeyou.14.I’msorry,_____Iwon’tbeabletocometonight.

A.for

B.and

C.but

D.then15.

I'llcometoseeyouif_____.

A.you'reconvenientB.itisconvenientforyouC.youfeelconvenientD.itisconvenientwithyouHewantstomovehouse,becausehehatesthe_____here.A.crowdedtrafficB.crowdedtrafficsC.busytrafficD.busytraffics

留心英汉表达差异,平时要多读﹑多比较﹑

多归纳，用英语思维，避免Chinglish。Skill4克服母语干扰第五类出题特点：利用标点符号或连词出题。比较：Tomhasmanyfriends;___canhelphim.A.fewofwhichB.fewofwhomC.fewofthatD.fewofthem

17.Tomhasmanyfriends

,___canhelphim.A.fewofwhichB.fewofwhomC.fewofthatD.fewofthem

18.______thepiecesofclothwithaloosestitch(针)beforefinallysewingthemtogether.Join

B.TojoinC.Joining

D.Joined比较：Don’twasteyourmoneyonsillythings—______it.A.tosave

B.saveC.saving

D.havingsaved

借助标点符号或连词，正确分析句子结构。它们往往决定句子后半部分是完整的句子还是句子成份，从而判断所填答案是连词还是代词，是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。Skill5注意标点符号和连词提示单项填空的解题要素：分析________注意___________（Groupmeaning）解题策略：把握____________________句子克服_________克服________干扰注意________________提示Step3Summary语境信息还原或化简思维定势母语标点符号和连词句子结构意群理解Teacher’sAdvice:●高考单选题强调交际性及语用性，因此复习过程中应注重语法在交际性习题中的活用，同时要注意词的搭配﹑动词短语及常用习语的积累。●对变式题，易错题进行收集整理，总结规律，做到举一反三。●反思本课内容，写下你的学习心得。Practicemakesperfect!Step4拓展与巩固Homework（分析句子，运用所学解题技巧完成以下练习）见学案1.Howbeautifullyshesings!Ihaveneverheard_____voice.

A.abetter

B.abest

C.thebetter

D.thebest（变式题1)

“I’veneverfoundabetterjob.”“_______.”

A.Idon’tthinkso

B.Toobad

C.Congratulations

D.Don’tworry(变式题2)“Whatdoyouthinkoftheservicehere?”“Oh,______.Wecouldn’thavefoundabetterplace.”

A.toobad

B.sorry

C.wonderful

D.impossible2.Everyoneknowsthat_______isdangeroustoplaywithfire,but_______isdifficultistopreventchildrenfromplayingwithfire.

A.it,it

B.what,what

C.it,

what

D.what,it（变式题）Yes,______isdifficulttofindajobnowadays,but_____ismoredifficultistrytofindsuchajobwithahighsalarybutlittlethingstodo.

A.it,it

B.what,what

C.

what,it

D.it,what

3._______tothetopofthehill,andyoucanseethewholeofthetown.Get

B.Toget

C.Getting

D.Havinggot（变式题1)___someofthisjuice—perhapsyouwilllikeit.

A.Try

B.

Trying

C.Totry

D.Tohavetried（变式题2)

Whystandtherewatching—_____andhelpus!

A.come

B.coming

C.tocome

D.tobecoming4.Beforegoingabroadhedevotedallhecould______hisoralEnglish.A.improve

B.toimprove

C.improving

D.toimproving（变式题1）Hespenteveryminutehecould_____spokenEnglish.A.practise

B.topractice

C.practising

D.practised（变式题2）Heranasfastashecould_____tocatchtheearlybus.A.tohope

B.hope

C.hoping

D.hoped（变式题3）Everyoneinourclasswasworkinghardanddoingwhatwecould_______agoodcollege.

A.enter

B.toenter

C.entering

D.entered5.Howhappyweare!

Theholidaywehavebeenlookingforward_______atlast.

A.tohascome

B.tohavecome

C.tohavingcome

D.hascome（变式题1)Themanyoureferredto_____justnow.

A.comes

B.come

C.coming

D.came（变式题2)

Thetheoryhesticksto______tobeofnouseinourstudies.

A.proves

B.prove

C.proving