初中英语八年级上册 Units 13

八年级上册Units1～31.two(num.)→_____(adv.)两次2.health(n.)→_______(adj.)健康的→_________(反义词)不健康的3.different(adj.)→_________(n.)不同；差异；区别→_____(反义词)相同的4.foot(n.)→____(pl.)脚；足twicehealthyunhealthydifferencesamefeet5.tooth(n.)→_____(pl.)牙齿6.ill(adj.)→______(n.)疾病；身体不适→____(同义词)(身体)不舒服的7.west(n.)→_______(adj.)西方的；来自西方的8.important(adj.)→__________(n.)重要性9.famous(adj.)→___________(同义词)著名的10.nature(n.)→_______(adj.)自然的teethillnesssickwesternimportancewell-knownnatural【品词自测】根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空①Ifyouwanttobeingood_______,youshouldeatmore_______food.(health)②There’remany_______betweenBritainEnglishandAmericanEnglish.(different)③Howmany_______doesthemonsterhave?(foot)④Safetyisoffirst_______.(important)答案：①health;healthy②differences③feet④importance1.多久一次 how_____2.至于；关于 as___3.每周两次 _____aweek4.对……有益 begood___5.和……一样 thesame___6.alotof _____________7.haveacold ___________oftenfortwiceforas大量的；许多受凉；感冒8.(be)stressedout ________________9.atthemoment ___________10.getback _____有压力的；紧张的此时；现在回来1.你多久锻炼一次？_________doyouexercise?2.——怎么了？——我感觉不舒服。—_________________?—I’mnotfeelingwell.HowoftenWhat’sthematter3.拥有健康的生活方式很容易，吃营养均衡的食物很重要。_____________ahealthylifestyle,and_________________abalanceddiet.4.我希望我能忘记所有的问题！_____Icanforgetallmyproblems!5.听说(那件事)我很难过(同情)。__________________.6.这次我想做点不同的事。ThistimeIwanttodo_________________.It’seasytohaveit’simportanttoeatIhopeI’msorrytohearthatsomethingdifferent1.频度副词 【见P148】2.情态动词should的用法 【见P150】3.现在进行时表示将来 【见P156】1.hardlyadv.几乎不；几乎没有◆Ihardlyeverexercise.我几乎很少锻炼。①刚才我几乎听不清她说什么。I______________hearwhatshesaidjustnow.②TomcanhardlyspeakChinese,_______?A.canheB.can’theC.doesheD.doesn’the【自主归纳】hardly的用法(1)hardly作为频度副词，表示_____(肯定/否定)意义,用在助动词、情态动词之后及实义动词之前。(2)在含有hardly的反意疑问句中，疑问部分要用_____(肯定/否定)形式。否定肯定【判断抢答】判断下面句子翻译正误鲍勃平时几乎不锻炼，是不是？①Bobhardlyeverexercises,doesn’the?()②Bobhardlyeverexercises,doeshe?()答案：①couldhardly②A×√2.tryv.试图；设法；努力n.尝试；试验◆Itrytoeatalotofvegetables.我尽量吃很多的蔬菜。①Youcantry_______earlyinthemorninganddomorningexerciseseveryday.A.getupB.togetupC.nottogetupD.gettingup②—Theworkistoohardforus.—Nomatterhowharditis,I’llhavea_______.A.thinkB.doC.tryD.play【自主归纳】todo

答案：①B②Ctrytry构成的其他搭配还有：tryon“试穿”haveatry“尝试”，try作名词try_____(todo/doing)sth.意为“尽力、设法干某事”，强调付出一定的努力。trydoingsth.意为“尝试做某事”，但不一定付出很大努力。3.althoughconj.虽然；即使；纵然◆MaybeI’mnotveryhealthy,althoughIhaveonehealthyhabit.也许我不太健康，尽管我有一个健康的饮食习惯。①_______Mr.Greenisstrictwithhisstudents,_______theylovehim.A.Because；soB.Though；butC.Although；/D.If；and②Youshouldn’tstayuptoolate,_______computergamesarefuntoplay.A.andB.becauseC.unlessD.though【自主归纳】although的用法(1)although=though，意为“虽然；即使；纵然”，可以引导让步状语从句。(2)although不能和____用在同一个句子中，但可以和yet用在同一个句子中。but【动脑想一想】除了although/though和but这样的“冤家”连词之外，还有和它们类似也不能用于同一句中的单词。它们是because和so。答案：①C②D4.keepv.保持；使保持某种状态◆Alotofvegetableshelpyoutokeepingoodhealth.大量的蔬菜有助于你保持健康。①Iexerciseeverydaytokeep_______(health).②(2011·乐山中考)Withthehelpofcomputers,peoplewillfinditeasiertokeepthetraffic_______smoothly.A.torunB.runC.running③—Howlongdidyou_______thelibrarybook?—Fortwoweeks.A.keepB.borrowC.lendD.buy【自主归纳】keep的用法(1)keep+(sb./sth.)+形容词或介词短语,可表示“让(某人/物)保持某种状态”；(2)keep(sb./sth.)_____(do/doing)sth.意为“(让某人/物)不断做某事”；keep(sb./sth.)fromdoingsth.意为“阻止、防止(某人/物)做某事”；(3)keep可替代borrow,表示延续意义，可以与一段时间连用。答案：①healthy②C③Adoing5.untilconj.&prep.直到……之时；在……之前◆Istudylateeverynight,sometimesuntil2am.我每晚学习到很晚，有时到凌晨两点。①Iwon’tgiveuptrying_______Isucceed.A.ifB.untilC.whenD.after②Tomwenttobedafterhefinishedhishomework.(改为同义句)Tom_______gotobed_______hefinishedhishomework.【自主归纳】until的用法(1)until=till，后面可以接时间(短语)或从句。(2)not...until...意为“直到……才……”。(3)当until引导时间状语从句时，从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。【判断抢答】判断下面句子翻译正误直到雨停了，他们才回家。①Theywenthomeuntilitstoppedraining.()②Theydidn’tgohomeuntilitstoppedraining.()答案：①B②didn’t;until

×√6.howoften多久一次◆Howoftendoyouexercise?你多久锻炼一次？①—Iwonder_______you’llwaterthiskindoftree.—Onceaweek.A.howoftenB.howlongC.howfarD.howmuch②—_______haveyoulivedinChina？—Since2011.A.HowlongB.HowmuchC.HowoftenD.Howsoon答案：①A②Ahow_____“多久一次”，对动作发生的频率进行提问how_____“多长时间”，对介词for或since引导的时间状语进行提问how____“多久才……”，一般用于将来时，对介词in引导的时间状语进行提问howmuch“多少；多少钱”，用于提问不可数名词的数量或商品的价格howfar“多远”，对事物间的距离进行提问oftenlongsoon【自主归纳】7.begoodfor对……有益◆Shesaysit’sgoodformyhealth.她说这对我的健康有益。①Myfatherisgood_______sports,andheoftensaysthatplayingsportsalotisgood_______ourhealth.A.at;forB.with;atC.for;withD.on;to②Mikeisgoodatrunning.(改为同义句)Mike______________inrunning.③—Whatisyourcousingoodat?—She’sgoodat_______(play)theviolin.【自主归纳】begoodat/begoodwith/begoodfor的用法辨析begood__擅长；在……方面做得好(=dowellin)begood___有益于，反义短语bebadfor(对……有害)begoodwith与……相处得好；善于应付……的atfor答案：①A②doeswell③playing8.—What’sthematter?——怎么了？—I’mnotfeelingwell.——我觉得不舒服。①你怎么了，汤姆？What’s_____________________you,Tom?②Motherasksmysister_______withher.A.whatiswrongB.whatwrongisC.whatthematterisD.whatthematter【自主归纳】不一样的“怎么了？”(1)What’sthematter(withyou)?=What’s______(withyou)?=What’sthetrouble(withyou)?=What’syourtrouble?(2)当what’swrong/thematter作宾语从句时，其语序不变，而what’sthetrouble作宾语从句时，语序要改为陈述语序。答案：①thematterwith②Awrong9.It’seasytohaveahealthylifestyle,andit’simportanttoeatabalanceddiet.拥有健康的生活方式很容易，吃营养均衡的食物很重要。①It’sinteresting_______(play)gameswithourteachers.②Moststudentsthink_______isimportanttolearnmathwell.A.itB.theyC.thisD.that【自主归纳】it作形式主语时常用于两种句式结构：Itis+adj.+ofsb.+todosth.形容词描述行为者的性格、品质，如kind，friendly，nice，right，clever，polite，careless，cute等Itis+adj.+forsb.+todosth.形容词描述事物的特征、性质，如easy，difficult，interesting，funny，dangerous，important，impossible，useful等【一言巧辨异】It’sinterestingforustoplaygameshereinthepark,butIthinkit’simpoliteofustomakesomuchnoise.我们在公园里做游戏是很有趣，但我觉得我们这么吵闹是不礼貌的。答案：①toplay②AⅠ.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词1.(2012·宁波中考)TomandJerryr_______theirbikestoUncleMa’sfarmtwiceamonth.2.(2012·无锡中考)AuderyHepburnwas_______(活跃的)inthefilmindustryfornearly40years.答案：1.ride2.active3.(2012·黄冈中考)Theyoungmanfounditdifficulttohavedinnerbecausesomeofhis_______(牙齿)hadbeenpulledout.4.(2011·南充中考)Hespendsmorethananhour_______(锻炼)everyday.5.(2011·苏州中考)Wevisitthehomefortheelderly_______(一次)amonth.答案：3.teeth4.exercising5.onceⅡ.单项选择1.(2012·济南中考)—Howoftendothestudentsplaysports?—_______.A.TwiceadayB.SincelastnightC.FortwohoursD.Amonthago【解析】选A。考查交际用语。由题中问句“Howoftendothestudentsplaysports?”可知，此处提问动作发生的频率，故选Twiceaday“一天两次”。2.(2012·重庆中考)Helenwassoexcitedatthenewsthatshecould_______sayaword.A.everB.almostC.hardlyD.always【解析】选C。考查副词的用法。ever“曾经”，almost“几乎”，hardly“几乎不”，always“总是”。句意：Helen得知这个消息太激动了以至于几乎说不出话来。故选C。3.(2012·福州中考)MrsBrownisnice.Everydayshetriedtocook_______formeduringmystayinCanada.A.somethingdifferentB.anythingdifferentC.nothingdifferent【解析】选A。考查不定代词的用法。something一般用于肯定句，anything一般用于否定句。当形容词修饰不定代词时需后置。句意：布朗夫人很好，我待在加拿大期间她尽量每天给我做不同的饭。故选A。4.(2012·重庆中考)Ididn’tbelievehecoulddrive_______hetoldme.A.onceB.whileC.sinceD.until【解析】选D。考查连词的用法。not...until...意为“直到……才……”。句意：直到他告诉我我才相信他会开车。【归纳总结】

辨析maybe/maybe(1)maybe是副词，“或许；大概”，表示推测，通常用于句首，在句中作状语。例如：Maybeheiswaitingforyounow.或许他现在正在等你。(2)maybe是情态动词may后加动词原形be,“或许是；可能是”，也用来表示推测，在句中作谓语。例如：—Whereismyruler?我的尺子在哪儿？—Itmaybeonthedesk.它可能在桌子上。5.(2011·雅安中考)—Where’sourmathteacher?—Idon’tknow._______he’sgonehome.A.MayB.MaybeC.MaybeD.Maybeis【解析】选B。句首表示推测“可能；也许”用maybe。6.(2011·河北中考)We’dbetterwait_______moreminutes.IthinkJeffwillcomesoon.A.afewB.fewC.alittleD.little【解析】选A。minutes“分钟”，是可数名词的复数形式；由后一句“IthinkJeffwillcomesoon(我认为杰夫很快就会来)”可推知最好再等几分钟。7.(2011·贵阳中考)—What’sthematterwithTina?—_______.A.SheisawayB.SheiscoolC.ShehasasorethroatD.Sheshouldtakesomemedicine【解析】选C。考查交际用语。根据问句“蒂娜怎么了？”判断选择“她喉咙痛”。8.(2011·阜康中考)—WecangotoJinanRailwayStationbybus.—Whynot_______thereforachange?A.trywalkingB.tryingtowalkC.totryandwalkD.totrywalking【解析】选A。Whynotdo...?“为什么不做……呢？”是固定句式。由change“变化”可知尝试改变，看看结果如何。9.(2011·温州中考)—I’mgoingtoHainanonvacationnextweek.—_______.A.HaveagoodtimeB.NotatallC.ThankyouD.Ihavenoidea【解析】选A。对方要远行时，常用Haveagoodtime./Havefun./Enjoyyourself.等句子表示祝愿。10.(2011·邵阳中考)—Mygrandfatherwasillinhospitallastweek.—_______.A.Idon’tthinksoB.I’msorrytohearthatC.That’sagoodidea【解析】选B。考查交际用语。由“Mygrandfatherwasillinhospitallastweek.”可知，爷爷上周生病住院了。在英语中当听到他人生病等不好的消息时，要表示同情。故选B项。Ⅲ.完成句子1.(2012·潍坊中考)我们不知道如何照顾自己。(lookafter)____________________________________________________2.(2012·兰州中考)平衡的饮食能使你保持健康。Eatingabalanceddietcanmakeyou______________.答案：1.Wedon’tknowhowtolookafterourselves2.keep/stayhealthy3.(2012·随州中考)昨天早晨李明八点才起床。LiMing_______getup_______eighto’clockyesterdaymorning.4.(2011·成都中考)安迪曾抱怨说他和别人同样工作，但报酬却不一样。(thesameas;pay)____________________________________________________答案：3.didn’t;until4.Andycomplainedthathedidthesamejobasothersbutwaspaiddifferently.5.(2011·威海中考)我有一些有趣的事情要告诉你。____________________________________________________6.(2011·宜宾中考)吃得太多对健康有害。_______toomuchisbad_______yourhealth.答案：5.Ihavesomethinginterestingtotellyou./Ihavesomethingthatisinterestingtotellyou.6.Eating;for调查报告是近几年中考书面表达的新型题目，其中多以初中生身边的事物为调查内容。在写作此类话题作文过程中可以在原有提示内容的基础上结合身边现实情况加以佐证补充。【典题示例】(2011·福州中考)目前中学生早餐问题已经引起社会关注，你所在学校的学生会在5月20日“全国学生营养日”开展问卷调查，其结果令人担忧。请你根据调查结果写一篇短文，倡导营养早餐。提示词：regularly,active,junkfood(垃圾食品),abalanceddiet,asaresult学生比例早餐情况健康状况55%有规律地吃早餐身体健康，精力充沛25%吃垃圾食品营养不均衡20%没有吃早餐感到饥饿，上课无法认真听讲，容易生病要求：1.所写内容必须包括表格中所提供的信息，并发表自己的看法。2.所给的提示词必须全部用上，可适当发挥。3.词数80左右。文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数。BreakfastIsImportant