face to face 高英二册第一课

FacetoFacewithHurricaneCamille

ByJosephP.Blank

TeachingAimsToknowthewritingtechniquesofanarrativeTobeacquaintedwithsomeliterarytermsofnarrationTolearntousewordstodescribedisastersandviolenceToappreciatethelanguagefeaturesTolearntowriteastoryaboutdisastersTeachingContentsI.BackgroundknowledgeII.TheliterarystyleIII.detailedstudyofthetextIV.OrganizationalpatternV.languagefeaturesVI.QuestionsforgroupdiscussionCanyounamesomethingasdevastiveashurricanes?

Naturaldisasters1Landmovementdisasters

avalanchesearthquakeslaharslandslidesandMudflowsvolcaniceruptions2Waterdisasters

floodslimniceruptionstsunamis3Weatherdisasters

blizzardsdroughtshailstormsheatwavescyclonicstorms

4Healthanddisease

epidemicfamineNaturalDisastersearthquakeflooddroughthurricanetornadotyphoonsandstormsnowstormsnowslidelandslidetsunamivolcaniceruptionBrainstormingbrainstormingHowmanykindsofwinddoyouknow?Givesomeexamplesandexplaintheirmeaning.windsair--Anatmosphericmovement;abreezeorwind.微风大气的流动；一阵微风或风blast--Averystronggustofwindorair.强风：一阵突然的强风或气流bluster--Aviolent,gustywind.狂风，狂吹breath--微风hardlyabreathofair几乎没有一点风It'sreallysultry.Thereisn'tabreathofair/wind.真的闷热得很,一点儿风也没有。breezeAlightcurrentofair;agentlewind.微风，轻风：轻微的空气流；微风cyclone--Aviolent,rotatingwindstorm.旋风，龙卷风：猛烈旋转的暴风gale--Averystrongwind.大风gust--Astrong,abruptrushofwind.一阵突然强风hurricane--AseveretropicalcycloneoriginatingintheequatorialregionsoftheAtlanticOceanorCaribbeanSea,travelingnorth,northwest,ornortheastfromitspointoforigin,andusuallyinvolvingheavyrains.飓风puff--Ashort,suddengustofwind.一阵风：一阵短促而突然的风tornado--Arotatingcolumnofairusuallyaccompaniedbyafunnel-shapeddownwardextensionofacumulonimbuscloudandhavingavortexseveralhundredyardsindiameterwhirlingdestructivelyatspeedsofupto500miles(800kilometers)perhour.cyclone旋风typhoon台风whirlwind旋风tornado龙卷风waterspout海上龙卷风twister陆地龙卷风breeze微风gale大风zephyr西风monsoon季风drymonsoon冬季季风wetmonsoon夏季季风Inweatherforecastwehavewindy

有风;breezy

微风阵阵;gentlewind和风;galewind

大风heavy/highwind大风;windyanddusty风沙stormywind暴风;gust阵风;piercingwind寒风

lightair

1级风;lightbreeze

2级风;gentlebreeze

3级风;moderatebreeze4级风;freshbreeze

5级风;

strongbreeze

6级风;

moderategale

7级风;freshgale

8级风;

stronggale

9级风;wholegale

10级风;

storm

11级风;hurricane

12级风/飓风Warming-upActivities

WhatisyourideaaboutHurricanes?

Howdangerousarethey?

HaveyoueverbeeninHurricanes?Orhaveyoueverbeenconfrontedwithanynaturaldisaster?Howdoyoufeel?Exchangeyourideas.

WhatdoyouthinkyouwoulddofirstifyouwereconfrontedwithHurricanes?BackgroundKnowledgeHurricane,typhoon,stormNamingofhurricanesandtyphoonsHurricaneCamille,BetsyBackgroundKnowledge1.Hurricane:AHurricaneisatropicalstorminwhichwindsattainspeedsgreaterthan75milesperhour(120km).ThetermisoftenrestrictedtothosestormsoccurringovertheNorthAtlanticOcean.

Incipient([in'sipiənt]初期的)hurricanesusuallyformoverthetropicalNAtlanticOceanandmatureastheydriftwestward.HurricanesalsooccasionallyformoffthewestcoastofMexicoandmovenortheastwardfromthatarea.Anaverageof3.5tropicalstormsperyeareventuallymatureintohurricanesalongtheeastcoastofNorthAmerica,usuallyovertheCaribbeanSeaorGulfofMexico.

2.Typhoon/cyclone:SimilarstormsoccurringovertheWestPacificOceanandChinaSeasarecalledtyphoons.ThoseovertheIndianOceanarecalledtropicalcyclones(旋风).Tornado:alocalizedandviolentlydestructivewindstormoccurringoverlandcharacterizedbyafunnel-shapedcloudextendingtowardtheground

一般只指开阔”陆地上“形成的”龙卷风“，规模一般比hurricane小。

Astormisnamedwhenitreachestropicalstormstrengthwithwindsof39mph,andbecomesahurricaneortyphoonwhenitswindspeedreaches75mph.75m.p.h.storm39m.p.hHurricane/typhoonTheNationalWeatherServiceoftheUnitedStateshasusedgirls'namestoidentifyhurricanesintheAtlantic,Caribbean,andGulfofMexicosince1953andthenamesweregiveninalphabeticalorder.3.HowareHurricanesNamed?Eachnameontheliststartswithadifferentletter,forexample,thenameoftheveryfirsthurricaneoftheseasonstartswiththeletterA,thenextstartswiththeletterB,andsoon.Theletters"Q","U","X","Y"and"Z",however,arenotused.

HowareHurricanesNamed?Asemi-permanentlistof10setsofnamesinalphabeticalorderwasestablishedin1971.

Thispracticeofgivinggirls'namestohurricaneschangedrecently.In1980ahurricanewasgivenaman'snameandwascalledHurricaneDavid.HowareHurricanesNamed?TheyalsobeganusingFrenchandSpanishmaleandfemalenamesatthistime.HurricaneseasonusuallystartsonJune1andendsonNov.30.HowareHurricanesNamed?Oftenwhenanunusuallydestructivehurricanehits,thathurricane'snameisretiredandneverusedagain.Since1954,fortynameshavebeenretired.In1996HurricaneLuiswasretired.HowareHurricanesNamed?HurricanenamesarechosenfromalistselectedbytheWorldMeteorological

(气象的）Organization.Thereisactuallyonelistforeachofsixyears.Inotherwords,onelistisrepeatedeveryseventhyear.HowareHurricanesNamed?4.Howaretyphoonsnamed?TyphoonsaretropicalstormsthatformoverthePacificOceannorthoftheequator.

Hurricanesaregivengirls'namesandtyphoonsareusuallygivenserialnumbers.

Eachofthe14nationsthattyphoonsaffectsubmittedalistofnamesforatotalof141names.Thenamesincludeanimals,flowers,astrological（星相学的）signsandafewpersonalnames.Chinesenamesoftyphoonsconsistoflongwang,yutu,fengshen,dujuan,haima,wukong,haiyan,haishen,dianmu,haitang

(龙王，玉兔，风神，杜鹃，海马，悟空，海燕，海神，电母，海棠）

5.HurricaneCamilleHurricaneCamilleisthestormlashing(striking,attacking)MississippiandLouisianafortwodays,Aug.17-18,in1969.

HurricaneCamilleissaidtobetheworststormevertohitmainlandUnitedStates.Withwindsinexcessof200mphandtidesover20feet,HurricaneCamillesmashedintotheMississippiGulfCoastonSundaynight,the17thofAugustandcontinueditsdevastatingpathuntiltheearlyhoursofMonday,the18th.Thecombinationofwinds,surges,andrainfallscaused256deaths(143ontheGulfCoastand113intheVirginiafloods)and$1.421billionindamage.ThreedeathwerereportedinCuba.

HurricaneBetsyisthestormlashingFlorida,MississippiandLouisianain1965fromSept.7-10,causingthedeathof74persons.HurricaneBetsyTheliterarystyle1.

Typeofliterature:Apieceof_________.Simplydefined,narrationisthetellingofastory.Apieceofnarrationismainlydevelopedintheactual________sequence.Thewritertellsthereaderswhathappensfirstandwhatnext.timenarrationTheliterarytermsnarrationstorytellingextendednarrationnovelshistoriesbiographiesautobiographiestraveloguesLiterarytermsofnarration:Protagonist(主角)leadingcharacterAntagonist(反面主角)thepeopleorforcesprotagonistsfightagainstSuspense(悬念)thestateofuncertaintyInterposition(插入)thepassagewhichisputbetweentheactionThepurposeistoaddmoreinformationtocreatesuspenseFlashback(倒叙，闪回)interruptionofchronologicalsequencebyinterjectionofeventsofearlieroccurrenceClimax(高潮)themostexciting,importantinterestingpartonthestoryDenouement[dei'nu:mɔŋ]

(小说或戏剧的结局)

theendingofastoryAgoodstoryhasabeginning,amiddleandanend,eventhoughitmaystartinthemiddleoratsomeotherpointintheactionandmovebackwardtotheearlierhappenings.

Organization:

beginingdevelopmentclimaxendTheessentialsofnarration:1)_____________(time&place)2)_____________3)_____________SettingCharactersPlot－time－place－character(protagonist/antagonist)－action(incidents,events,etc.)－conflicts(suspense,tension)－climax－denouement

Theessentialsofnarration:3.Organization(discussion)

：Howmanypartsdoesthearticlefallinto?Analyzethestructure.OrganizationPartI(paras.______)Introduction_______________PartII(paras.___________)development&climaxstruggleagainsthurricaneclimax(Para27)PartIII(paras._______)conclusionthesceneandreliefworkafterthestorm1-6settingofthestory7–2728-39Introductory(Para.1–6)timeplacebackgroundconflict:manversushurricanesmaincharacter:JohnKoshakJr.OrganizationoftheTextThewriterbuildsupandsustainsthesuspenseinthestoryandgiveslogicalmovementtothesequenceofhappeningsbydescribingtheincidentsindetailandvividly,showinghowtheKoshaksandtheirfriendsstruggledagainsteachonslaught(attack)ofthehurricane.Development(Para.7–27)OrganizationoftheTextThewriterdescribestheseactionsintheorderoftheiroccurrence.Thisnaturaltimesequenceorchronologicalorderholdsthestorytogether.ThestormreachesitsclimaxinParagraph27andfromthereonthestorymovesrapidlytoitsconclusion.Thefamilysurvivedthestorm.OrganizationoftheTextInthelastParathewriterstateshisthemebehindhisstoryinthereflectionofGrandmotherKoshak:“Welostpracticallyallourpossessions,butthefamilycamethroughit.WhenIthinkofthat,Irealizewelostnothingimportant.”OrganizationoftheText4.Theme

___________aremoreimportantthan_________________.Humanlivesmaterialpossessions

ThemeManvs.naturePartISettingofthestoryDetailedStudyofthetextWhatarethefirst6paras.mainlyabout?

What’sthemeaningof“facetoface”?Whatdoyouthinkofthewordingofthetitle?WhatwasJohnKoshakJr.’sjob?WhatarethereasonsforJohn’sdecisionofstayinginsteadoffleeing?Whatpreparationsdidtheymake?Paras.1-6

Whatarethefirst6paras.mainlyabout?timeplacecharactersconflict:manversusnaturesuspense:thecomingofaviolenthurricaneDiscussiononthetitle:facetoface(with):confrontingeachotherTheconfrontationisgenerallyconnectedwithsomethingdangerous,difficultorhardtoresolve.Connotingasenseof________________E.g.facetofacewiththeenemy,thetiger,theproblem,etc.Theheadingpresentsthearticleas_______andas__________aspossibletoattracttheattentionofwould-bereaders.urgencyanddangervividlyforcefullyPara.1Doespara.1haveatopicsentence?Howisthepara.developed?What’sthefunctionofthelastsentence?Jr.Jr.isthe____________of“junior”.ThistermisgenerallyusedintheUnitedStatesandisputafterthenameofa______toindicatehehasthesamefirstnameashisfather.ThetermSr.(senior)issometimesputafterthenameofthefather.Thisisdoneonlywithmen’snames.abbreviationsonIfthenamecontinuesintothethirdgeneration,Romannumerals(I.,II.,III.,etc.)areused.Thishappensmainlyamongbig,rich,upperclassfamilies.e.g.,JohnRockefellerI,JohnRockefellerII,andJohnRockefellerIII.Warningshadsounded:Radioandtelevisionhadbroadcastwarningsaboutthehurricane.TheNationalWeatherServiceoftheUnitedStatesbroadcastwarningsofpotentialhurricanes.August17:HurricaneCamilledevastated(destroy)theareafortwodaysAugustl7,l8.

GulfofMexico:

MosthurricanesinthisareaareformedovertheCaribbeanSeaandtheymoveovertheGulfofMexicotostrikethegulfstatesoftheUSFlorida,Mississippi,Louisiana,etc.lashtostrikewithgreatforce;tomoveviolentlyorsuddenlye.g.Thewaveslashedtherocks.Therainwaslashingagainstthewindows.pummel['pʌml]

:tobeatsuddenly;toattackvigorously;ortohitwithrepeatedblowsItwascertain...theKoshakslived:

TheKoshakswillhavetoputupwithmanyonslaughtsofthefiercestorm.Gulfport:seaportinMiss.Miss.:abbreviationforMississippi

Pummel:tobeatorhitwithrepeatedblows.连续地打E.g.Thethiefwaspushedandpummeledbyanangrycrowd.beat

最为常见，指使用手脚或工具等重复敲击；pound打击的力度比beat更大；pummel暗示用拳头连续不停地殴打某人；thrash

原指用连敲打谷物，现指连续重击；flog暗示用皮带或鞭子抽打而予以惩罚；whip往往与flog相同，尤其强调抽打的动作。TheKoshakswillhavetoputupwithmanyonslaughtsofthefiercestorm.theKoshaks:

Whenan"s"isaddedtoasurnameandusedwiththedefinitearticle"the",theterm,then,standsforthewholefamily.e.g.theKoshaks:theKoshakfamily,alltheKoshaksinthefamilytheBrowns:theBrownfamilyFledinlandtosaferground:

Ranawayfromthecoasttotheinteriorofthecountrywheretheywouldbesafer.saferground:Thehurricanelosesforceasitblowsinlandandpeopleawayfromthecoastaresafefromtidalwavescausedbythehurricane.coastalcommunities:peoplelivingtogetherintowns,cities,villages,alongthecoastaged3to11:Theyoungestchildwasthreeyearsoldandtheeldest11yearsold.Theotherfivewereolderthan3andyoungerthan11.(Howmanypeoplearethereinthebigfamily?)endanger:

poseathreatto;presentadangertoAwarendangersmillionsoflives.

战争危及无数人的生命。Hishealthisendangeredbyoverwork.

他的健康因劳累过度而受到损害。Para.1:SummaryTopicsentence:JohnKoshakJr.knewthatHurricaneCamillewouldbebad.

Howistheparagraphdeveloped?

ThetopicissupportedbyfactsorreasonsshowinghowJohnKoshakJr.knewthatHurricaneCamillewouldbebad.

Whatarethefacts?radioandTVwarnings;alotofcoastalpeoplefledinland

Thefunctionofthelastsentence:servingasatransitionLeadingtothenextpoint:Whythedecisionwasmadenottoabandonhishome.IntroducingtheothercharacterswhoaretogetherwiththeKoshaks:

John’sparentsandCharlesHillJohnKoshak’sparentsleftCaliforniaandcametoGulfporttolivewiththeirson.IncapitalistcountriesespeciallyintheU.S.,children,whentheygrowupandstartworking,generallyliveawayfromtheirparents.(culturaldifference)LasVegascityistheseatofClarkCountyinSouthNevada.In1970ithadapopulationof125,787.Itsnightclubsandcasinos(娱乐场)areworldfamous.Revenue(收入)fromhotels,gambling,entertainmentandothertourist-orientedindustriesformsthebackboneofitseconomy.LasVegasPara.3-4Whatisthispara.mainlyabout?John,37:ellipticalsentenceJohn,whowas37yearsold,Whosebusinesswasrightthereinhishome:Hisbusinessoffice,workshop,etc.wereallinhishome.

right:exactly,preciselythere(inhishome)allofMagnaProducts'...onthefirstfloor:MagnaProducts:nameofthecompanyownedandrunbyJohnKoshakJr.

correspondence:letters

engineeringdrawings:diagramsandsketchesformachinesartwork:designs,models,picturesforthevarioustoysfirstfloor:

inU.S.,thegroundfloor;

inEuropeandGreatBritain,thefloorabovethisHurricaneBetsy

thestormlashingFlorida,MississippiandLouisianain1965fromSept.7-10,causingthedeathof74persons

demolish:destroy;ruin;pulldown;teardown;smashtopiecesDemolish/destroy/raze/annihilateannihilate[ə'naiəleit]v.killinlargenumbers

Demolish:toteardown,smashtopiecesE.g.severalhousesweredemolishedtomakewayforthenewroad.destroy

最常见，主要强调破坏力度直达和彻底程度，一般不带感情色彩或修辞色彩；demolish和raze通常用于巨大物体，如大型建筑物等，demolish常用引申义指任何复合体的被毁，raze几乎无一例外地用于指建筑物的被毁。annihilate在这些词中所表示的损坏程度最为强烈，字面意思是化为乌有，但在实际上往往用于指对人或物的严重损伤，如：annihilateanenemyforce.Koshakhadmovedhisfamilytoamotel:

motel:ahotelspeciallybuiltfortravellingmotorists,madeupofseparateroomsorsmallhouses,eachwithspaceforacarablend(合成词),formedbycombiningpartsofmo(torist)+(ho)tel(initialofoneandendoftheother)Blendsmotel(motor+hotel)汽车旅馆boatel(boat+hotel)气艇游船旅馆brunch(breakfast+lunch)早餐午餐并一顿吃chunnel(channel+tunnel)运河地下道slurb(slum+suburbs)市郊贫民区talkthon(talk+marathon)冗长的演说sitcom(situation+comedy)情景喜剧comint(communications+intelligence)通讯情报sportscasters(spots+broadcaster)体育节目广播员masscult(mass+culture)平民文化

magalog

magalog(magazine+catalog)杂志目录We'reelevated23feet:InBritishEnglishonewouldprobablysay"We're23feetabovesealevel."We'reagood250yardsfromthesea:We’reatleast250yardsdistantfromthesea.agood:meaning"atleast”,"full"足足(程度\数量)e.g.wewaitedagoodsixhours.我们足足等了三个小时.从这到火车站足足有五个小时的车程.他父母亲狠狠地揍了他一顿.Wewaitedforagoodthreehours.Itisagoodfivehourstodrivetotherailwaystation.Hisparentsgavehimagoodbeating.Theplacehasbeenhere...everbotheredit:(Personification)Thehousehasbeenheresince1915,andnohurricanehasevercausedanydamagetoit.wecanbattendownandrideitout:

Metaphor,comparingthehouseinahurricanetoashipfightingastormatsea

Wecanmakethenecessarypreparationsandsurvivethehurricanewithoutmuchdamage.

batten:n.astripofwoodusedinconstructionandoftenusedintheolddaysinshipbuilding压条;条板batterndown:v.tofastencanvas（帆）overthehatchesofaship,especiallyinpreparingforastorm用板条钉住;封舱

battendownthehatchesrideitout:(ofaship)tostayafloatduringastormwithouttoomuchdamage;lastsafelythrough(badweather)意为抵挡住（狂风等的）袭击，不受多少损伤的坚持到最后脱险

ReasonsforstayHedidn’tthinkhisfamilywasinanyrealdanger.HisformerhousehadbeendemolishedbyHurricaneBetsyforitstoodonlyafewfeetabovesealevel.Hispresenthousewas23feetabovesealeveland250yardsawayfromthesea.Hispresenthousewasinabetterconditionthanhisformerhouse.Hethoughttheywouldbesafehereasinanyplaceelse.2.Besides,hehadtalkedthematteroverwithhisfatherandmotherandconsultedhislongtimefriend,CharlesHill,beforemakinghisdecisiontostayandfacethehurricane.3.Heisaself-employedbusinessman.

Implication:Howgreatthelosswouldbeifthehousewasdestroyed.4.Hehasabigfamily.Itwouldbeverydifficulttomovethechildrenandoldcouple.

Whatpreparationsdidtheymake?Whatfor?Whatpreparationsdidtheymake?

TopicsentenceinPara.4–methodicallyFilledbathtubsandpails—forwaterCheckedoutbatteriesandflashlights—forlightsPortableradio—forcontactoftheoutsideworld,forinformationFuel—forelectricpowerGenerator—forpowerRefrigerator—forfoodThemenmethodicallypreparedforhurricane:Topic(thefollowingarethefactstoillustratethetopic)Themeninthehousemadeallthenecessarypreparationstofightthehurricaneandtheywentabouttheirworkinasystematicandorderlymanner.Sincewatermains...andpails:Theywereafraidthewatersupplymightbecutoffsotheyfilledthebathtubsandpailswithwater.main:aprincipalpipe,orlineinadistributingsystemforwater,gas,electricity,etc.SupportingdetailsApowerfailure...forthelantern:powerfailure:abreakdowninthesupplyofelectricitycheckout:toexamine(thebatteriesandfuel)andseeiftheywereallrightJohn'sfathermoved...totherefrigeratorgenerator:generator:adynamo;asmallmachineforproducingelectricitywiredseverallightbulbs:connectedseverallightbulbsbywiretothegenerator;whenthegeneratorproducedelectricity,thesebulbswouldlightup.preparedaconnection:Preparationswerealsomadetoconnect,whennecessary,therefrigeratortothegenerator.

grayclouds...ontherisingwind:scud:runormoveswiftly;glideorskimalongeasily疾行，飞驰；掠过

Birdsscudacrossthelakesurface.scuddedin:driveninlandbythewindGulf:theGulfofMexicorisingwind:windthatwasgettingstrongerandstronger

Thespeedofthesecloudsisanindicationoftheswiftnesswithwhichthestormisapproaching.Aneighbor...withtheKoshaks;whosehusbandwasinVietnam.

Thiswasl969.ThehusbandofthisneighborwasintheAmericanarmyfightinginVietnam.sitoutthestorm:tostayuntiltheendofthestormVietnamWaraprolongedwar(1954-1975)betweenthecommunistarmiesofNorthVietnamwhoweresupportedbytheChineseandthearmiesofSouthVietnamwhoweresupportedbytheUnitedStatesAnotherneighbor...ofhisdog?:

Thedashinthissentenceindicatesthatsomewordshavebeenleftoutandthestructuralpatternhasbeenchangedfromastatementtoanindirectquestion.Thesentencemightreadasfollows:"AnotherneighborcamebyonhiswayinlandandaskediftheKoshakswouldmindtakingcareofhisdog."破折号后的部分既非直接引述邻人的原话，有没按间接引述的要求转述邻人的问话，而保留直接问话的形式，其意在于既节省文字，又从中显出邻人那种形色匆匆，慌不择言的狼狈相，让人感到一种紧张迫切的气氛，也烘托出即将来临的飓风的凶猛可怕。comeby:AmericanEnglish,topayavisitPartIIStruggleagainstCamilleParas.7-27ThewritersustainsthesuspenseinthestorybydescribingindetailandvividlytheincidentsshowinghowtheKoshaksandtheirfriendsstruggledagainsteachonslaughtofthehurricane.DevelopmentFocusofthestudy:1)diction:useofone-syllablewordsdescriptionsofwind,hurricane(water,destructionforce)house(roof,wall,window,floor,stairs)2)sentencelevel:useofshortandellipticalsentences3)translationofpassivesentences(para.19)4)understandingthemindofpeopleatcrisis.Questions(Para.7):Whatdoestheword“whip”(Windandrainwhippedthehouse)mean?Whatare“storm-shatteredpanes”?What’stheimpliedmeaningofthesentence“thewindmountedtoaroar”?Whatarethewordstheauthorusedtodescribewind?“Windandrainwhippedthehouse.”Strongwindandrainwaslashingorstrikingthehouseasifwithawhip.Here“whip”isusedmetaphorically.Windandrainactlikeaperson.(Personification)stayaway:keepfarawayfrom;nottogonearconcernedabout:anxious,uneasy,worriedaboutglassflyingfromstorm-shatteredpanes—smallpiecesofglassflyingaroundintheairwhenthepanesofawindowareshatteredbythestorm.shatter:breaksuddenlyinpieces;severelydamageorutterlydestroy砸碎；彻底破坏Stayaway...storm-shatteredpanesThewindmountedtoaroar:—Thesoundofthewindgetslouderastheforceofthewindincreases.Theroaringsoundindicatesthewindhasreachedhurricanestrength(over75mph).mountgouporadvance

seeminglyapparently;asifWithmops...spreadingwater:

Thehousewasleakingverybadly.TheKoshakshadtousealltheutensilstheycouldlaytheirhandson(mops,towels,pots,buckets)tofightagainsttheleakingwater.ThisisthefirstonslaughtoftheHurricane.At8:30...thegenerator:powerfailed:thesupplyofelectricitywascutoffPop:(slang)father;alsoafamiliartermofaddresstoanyelderlymanturnedonthegenerator:startedtheirgeneratortoproducetheirownelectricpowerPara.8Frenchdoorsgun-likereportsdisintegrateFrenchdoorsFrenchdoors:twoadjoiningdoorsthathaveglasspanedfromtoptobottomandtheyopeninthemiddleblewin:burstopenbythestorm,thetwoadjoiningdoors(oftheFrenchdoors)flewinwardsgun-likereports:loudexplosivenoiseslikegunsbeingfired(Simile)TheFrenchdoors...windowsdisintegrated.disintegrate:

collapse,crumble,fallapart;

breakintomanysmallpiecesandbedestroyed崩溃；瓦解windows

disintegrate:windowsbrokeup;windowsbrokeintopiecese.g.SincetheSovietUnion

disintegrated,theColdWarcametoanend.Para.9blast1.(anexplosion)burst,explosion爆炸2.astrongrushofwind,airorrain一阵；一股ablastofwindfling:

throwsth,oneselfwithalotofforce抛\扔

eg.

Tomseizedtheglassonthetableandflungitatme.Theyouthgothimbythefrontofhisshirtand

flung

himtotheground.

throw;cast;toss;hurl;pitchthrow最为常见,指通过手臂快速推动某物;cast的意义通常比throw更古老;toss指轻轻地或随意地扔掉;hurl和fling都意味着用劲掷,但hurl暗示所投的物体移动速度快,而fling择指投掷的力度大,足可以打破地面;pitch暗示在明确的目标或方向下进行投掷;shove

pushwithaquick,ratherviolentmovementE.g.Hedraggedherouttothedoorandshovedherintothestreet.Thecarwon'tstart.Canyougiveitashove?push;thrust;propelpush指用力推动所接触的人或物;shove指粗暴地推开挡路的人或物,使劲推动重物;thrust指突然用力地推,使透过某物;propel指推进,推动;Thegeneratorwasdoused,andthelightswentoutWatergotintothegeneratorandputitout.Itstoppedproducingelectricitysothelightsalsowentout.douse[daus]

(dowse):1)infml.

toputout;turnoffthelight熄灭2)(in,with)immerse,soak,submerge,drench;toputintowaterorthroughwaterover浸泡E.g.Hedousedtheclothes

insoapywater.Thatwatertastedsalty:WhenCharlielickedsomedropsofwateronhislips,hefoundtheytastedsaltylikeseawater.Fromthisheconcludedtheywereinrealtrouble.Why?surgeBecauseitseemedthattheseawaterhadreachedthemalthoughtheywere23feetabovesealeveland250yardsfromthesea.waterwasrisingbytheminute:

Waterwasrisingeveryminute.Or:Waterwasrisingminutebyminute.Para.10“Everybodyoutthebackdoortothecars.”Whatdoestheellipticalsentenceshow?showingthetensionandurgencyofthemoment.Thefullsentence