2020北京海淀高三二模英语

2020北京海淀高三二模英语本试卷共10页，120分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。第一部分:知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节语法填空(共10小题;每小题分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ADuringmychildhood,wheneverthesundroppedandtheblueskycameup,myfatherandIwouldclimbthemountainnearourhouse.Walkingtogether,wehadalotofconversationsthrough1Ilearnedmanyvaluablelessons.Healwaysstressedtome,"Youshouldhaveobjectivesandcapacitylikethemountain."Thishas2(large)influencedmylife.3themountain-climbing,wecouldn'thavehadenoughtimetospendtogetherbecausemyfatherwasbusy.BYouhaveprobablydreamedabout4youwouldchangetheworld,onlytofindthatitseemsimpossible.However,youmayhavethepower5(make)theworldbetterwithbabysteps.That'stheideabehindtheBAChallenge,whichisapublicservicecampaignco-initiatedbyAlibabaandSinaWeibo.Itaskspeopletodosomethingpositiveandthenrecordthechangesbeforeandafter.Sinceitsfirst6(appear)onSinaWeiboonSept.2ndtheBAChallengehasattractedmillionsofviewersandparticipants.7theselittlethingsmaybeeasilyignoredinourdailylives,theyarewellreceivedbymanyviewers.CThere'snothingbetterthanflyingtoaforeigndestinationtovisittheattractionsit8(have)tooffer.Millionsofpeoplearedoingthesame,andwhynotTheworldhasanamazingvarietyofmust-seesights,frombreathtakingnaturalscenerytoimpressiveoldcities.Buttheproblemisthattoomanyofus9(visit)thematthesametime,puttingpressureonthesedelicateandancientplaces.That'swhyanumberofbeautyspotsandhistoricsiteshavebeenintroducingchargesorrestrictionsonthenumberoftourists.Therearemanyreasonsforthis:toreduceovercrowding,tomanagewearandtearonoldbuildingsandtotidyupthemess10（leave）behind.第二节完形填空（共20小题;每小题分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。HowRunningHelpedMeTurnMyLifeAroundrveneverbeenanathlete.Asidefromexcellingatallacademicdisciplinesatschool,mymaingoalwasto11PEatallcosts.Inmytwenties,IwentforanoccasionalyogaorZumbaclass,butthatwasreallythesummaryofallmyathleticaccomplishments.Thatwasuntiltheendof2016,whenIwasunexpectedlylaidoff.The12ofgettinganewjobsoonwerenotinmyfavorand13thoughtsofnotbeinggoodenoughstartedtokickin.Iwasfeelingquitedepressedbutpushedmyselftogoand14fortheTCSNYCMarathonrunnersasthecoursewasgoingthroughourneighborhood.However,whilebeingthere,Igotphenomenal15fromalltherunners,smiling,applaudingandhigh-fivingconstantly.Notarunnermyself,IthoughtmaybeIcouldgiverunninga16,justtotry,tousemyneglectedgymmembershipandseewhereit17me.AndsoItried.Iwenttomylocalgymthenextmorningandgotonatreadmill（跑步机）」wasoutofbreathbyminutefive,butI18down,walkedforabitandthenrestarted.Icamebackthenextday,hopingto19afewminuteslonger.Bytheendoftwoweeks,Icouldrunfor30minutes,whichwasahuge20.WhileIsawmybodystartingtolookmoretoned,Ialsonoticedmynegativethoughtsdidn'toccurthat21.Anditsparkedathought-whatifIcouldsetarunning22andsignupformyfirst-everraceIdidandracessortofbecameanewhobby.Inthemeantime,Iwasableto23afewfreelance（自由职业的［projects.Theyofferedmeagood24，and,mostimportantly,thetimetoworkoutforthebigrace.Also,whenIwasgoingforinterviews,Istartedtofeelvery25inmyabilities,experienceandskills.

Igotmyfull-timejob26atmydreamcompanyjustacoupleofweeksbeforethehalf-marathon.AlthoughIgotan27fromovertrainingrightbeforetherace,Istillwentforitandstillfinishedwithinmy28time.Istillhavealongrunning29aheadofme-I'dlovetoworkonmyspeed,mytechniqueandIdreamofrunningamarathonoutsideoftheUS.Runninggivesme30thatIcandoanythingIsetmymindto.11.A.attendB.avoidC.pursueD.postpone12.A.optionsB.plansC.hopesD.odds13.A.darkB.deepC.criticalD.random14.A.callB.lookC.cheerD.stand15.A.sympathyB.pleasureC.luckD.energy16.A.liftB.shotC.breakD.choice17.A.meetsB.leavesC.takesD.drops18.A.cameB.fellC.wentD.slowed19.A.lastB.walkC.restD.function20.A.creditB.impactC.successD.opportunity21.A.readilyB.frequentlyC.normallyD.occasionally22.A.goalB.limitC.recordD.standard23.A.createB.secureC.approveD.continue24.A.serviceB.positionC.futureD.income25.A.absorbedB.interestedC.confidentD.confused26.A.offerB.permitC.scheduleD.application27.A.awardB.honorC.injuryD.issue28.A.appointedB.expectedC.originalD.spare

29.A.showB.routeC.distance29.A.showB.routeC.distanceD.journeyA.faithB.considerationC.evidenceD.guidance第二部分:阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AYoumayhaveseentheterm"bulletjournal"floatingaroundonline,butwhatexactlyisabulletjournalThisarticlewillhighlighttheusesforabulletjournalandwhythey'regreatforpeoplewhowishtobemoreorganized.WhatisabulletjournalAbulletjournalisaplannersystemwhichallowsyoutoplanforthefuture,trackthepastandkeepyourlifeorganizedwithlistsseparatedbybulletpoints.Itisaplaceforyoutocreateclear,yetsimpleto-dolistsandaplacetokeepanoteofyourlifegoalsandaspirations.WhatdoesithelpwithAbulletjournalisperfectforpeoplewholikewritingliststokeepthemselvesorganized.They'regreatfordoingasahobbyandyoucangetcreativewiththewayyoupresentyourlists.They'realsoperfectforpeoplewhoconstantlywritedownto-dolistsormakehand-writtennotes.WhyisitimportantAbulletjournalisimportantbecauseweallfeelbetterwhenourlifeisorganized.Organizationcanreducestressandmakeyouhappier.Havingyourlifeinorder,youwillknowexactlywhatyouhavetodoeverydaysothatyoucanrememberallofyourlifegoals.HowtocreateabulletjournalTheinstructionswillhelpyouembarkonyourbulletjournal.Step1.FindorbuyablanknotebookA.Weeklyexpenses.A.Weeklyexpenses.B.Appointmentswithadentist.Anynotebookwithblankpageswilldobecauseifyouaresomeonewhoiscreativeandartistic,youcandecoratethenotebookanywayyoulike.Step2.FindorbuypensIt'sbesttostartoffsimpleandchooseapenthatyoufindeasytouseandthatyouwouldfeelcomfortablewritingwitheveryday.Step3.MonthliesInthissection,youcanputalistofimportantdatesforthatparticularmonth.Step4.DailiesandWeekliesPutallofyourdailyorweeklytasksinthissectionsothatyoudon'tforgetanythingthatyouhavetododuringthatdayorweek.Step5.LifeGoalsKeepalifegoalssection.Thiscanincludedifferentcollectionsofgoals,suchascareer,relationships,placesyouwishtovisitandsoon.Nowstartyourbulletjournal!Bulletjournalsareintendedforthosewhohopeto.keeplifeinorderB.leadarelaxinglifeC.highlighttheirprogressD.reducetheirworkloadKeepingbulletjournalshelpspeople.developartistictasteB.getridofstressC.buildabettermoodD.giveupahobbyofthefollowingismostlikelytobeincludedinabulletjournalC.Weatherforecasts.C.Weatherforecasts.D.Passwordstoyourcomputer.BStuttering（口吃）hasnothingtodowithintelligence.IknowthisbecauseIstutter.Ifittakesmeawhilelongertosayaword,it'snotbecauseIcan'tremembertheword;it'sbecausetheneural（神经的）pathwaythattransformswordsinmyheadintosoundsinmymouthiswireddifferently.Anddifferences,ofcourse,arethebestwaytogetnegativeattentioninoursociety.Takingextratimetogetmywordsoutcansurelybefrustrating,butthat'snothingcomparedtothemiseryofdealingwithpeople'sreactions.Almostallchildrenwhostutterarediscouragedfromspeakinginonewayoranother.It'susuallynotasdirectassomeonewalkinguptothemandsaying,"Hey,stutteringkid!Keepyourmouthshut!"Butwhenyourvoicecausesadultsandpeerstosnicker（窃笑）orrolltheireyes,it'sprettydiscouraging.Growingup,Ilearnedtoavoidspeakingwheneverpossible.Ihatedwhatcameoutofmymouth,fullofawkwardbreaksandpauses.IfiguredwhateverfutureIhad,itprobablyinvolvedavowofsilence.TodayI'matouringauthorandcomedian.Ittookme30-somethingyearstogetoverstuttering.DidIstopstutteringNo!Icouldn'tstopifIwantedto.ButIstoppedwantingtostop.Insteadofwastingallmytimeandenergytryingtomeetunattainablestandards,Ilearnedthatit'sOKtostutter.AndIlearnedbyexample.IattendedtheNationalStutteringAssociationconferenceandmetallkindsofpeoplewhostutter-peoplewhodidn'thatethemselves,whodidn'tsilencethemselves.Theystuttered,andtheywereOKwithit!Irememberwatchingthemandthinking,"That'swhoIwanttobe!"There'sapopularsayingincomedy:"Yourweaknessisyourstrength.”WhenIfirstenteredmylocalopen-micscene,Iwasquicklymetwithsome"smart"guyslookingtoscoreacheaplaughatmyexpense.Irememberintroducingmyselftoonecomedianandstutteringonmyname,asIusuallydo.Eagertodemonstratehissmartness,hereplied,"IsthatNinawithfiveNs""No,"Isaid,"it'sNinawithtwoNs!"Justlikethat,Ihadcreatedajokeastheresultofsomeonemakingfunofmystutter.Tothisday,wheneverIneedinspirationforanewjoke,IjustthinkaboutalltheridiculouscommentsIgetfromnon-stutteringpeople.It'sacomedygoldmine!Ittakestheauthorlongertosayawordbecauseshehas.acomparativelylowIQtroubleinorganizingideasarelativelysmallbrainproblemsinherneuralsystemWhatannoystheauthormostaboutherstutteringis.theunfriendlyreactionsofothersthedifficultyinmemorisingwordsherunpromisingfutureasastuttererherembarrassingpausesduringtalksTheauthorgotoverstutteringby•adjustingherattitudetowardsitgettinghelpfromnon-stuttererstellingherselfconstantlytostopitsilencingherselfwheneverpossibleParagraph5ismainlyabouttheauthor's•successasacomedianrespectforothercomediansresistancetoothers'strengthacceptanceofherimperfectionCTheancienttaleoftheCountryMouseandtheTownMousewasonlythefirsttoemphasizeruralfolk'ssupposedsimplicitywhencomparedwithmoresophisticatedurbanites.However,neuro-scientistsannouncethat,infact,itiscitylivingthatcandullthewits.ThenewstudyledbyDr.SpiersatNantesUniversitydescribeshowtheyusedadatasetfrom4millionpeopleofacomputergame,whichtestsnavigatingskillsbyaskingplayerstomemoriseamapshowingthelocationofcheckpointsandthenmeasuringhowwellplayerscanfindthem,guidedonlybytheirmentalmap.Dr.Spiersandhiscolleaguesexaminedthe4millionpeoplefrom38countries,andfoundthatthestrongestindicatorofahighscorewasaplayer'sage-olderpeopleperformedrelativelypoorly,whichagreeswithwhatresearchersknowaboutage-relatedcognitivedecline.Butthebenefitofrurallivingwasstrongenoughtooffsetomeofthat.Datashowedthata70-year-oldwhogrewupinthecountrysidehadthenavigationalabilitiesofanaverage60-year-oldacrossthedataset.Thereisahugegapbetweenthenavigationskillsofruralandcitypeople,andtheresearchersthinktheyknowwhy.Dr.Spierssaysthatthebrain'snavigationalabilitiesprobablyweakeninthelesschallengingcityenvironmentbecausetheyarenotbeingusedasmuch.Althoughcitiesmayappearmoreelaborate,theyalsofeaturemorecluestohelpresidentsfindtheirway,suchasnumberedstreets.Inthecountryside,however,onefieldtendstolookmuchthesameasanother,sotherearefewerexternallandmarkstohelpguidetheway.Neuroscientistsalreadyknowthatlivingandworkinginmorecomplexenvironmentscaninfluencethefunctionandstructureofthebrain.BrainscansofLondontaxidrivers,whohavegainedanencyclopedicmemoryofthecity'sstreets,showthattheytendtohaveanenlargedhippocampus-aregionofthebrainactingasaneuralGPS,sensingpositionandpathonaninternalmapoftheenvironment.Theharmfuleffectofcitylivingonnavigationisprobablymostseriousinpeopleunder16-18,Dr.Spierssays,becausetheirstill-developingbrainsrespondandchangethemostaccordingtoexternalstimuli.Andwhilepeoplewholiveincitieswithyoungchildrenshouldnotbealarmed,thestudydoesraisesomeinterestingideasforurbanplanners:keeptheircitydesignsnotsosimpleperhaps.Andforeveryoneelse,itmightbeanideatoturnoffmapsonthephone.studyledbyDr.Spiersshowsthat.theseniorsscorehigheratcomputergamesrurallifebenefitspeople'ssenseofdirectionparticipantsarebetteratfindingwaysincitiestheyoungremembercheckpointsbetterinmapsunderlinedword"offset"inPara.2mostprobablymeans.achieveB.confirmC.reduceD.replaceWhatisthepurposeofthepassageTointroduceanewwayofdrivertraining.Toexposethedrawbacksoflivingintheurbanarea.Toshowthecontrastbetweenlivesinthecountryandcity.Topresentenvironments'impactonone'sabilitytolocateplaces.WhatisthebesttitleforthepassageLostintheCityBrainWeakenedinCitiesNavigatingtotheCountrysideTheNegativeEffectsofCityLivingDCommunitiesacrosstheworldarestartingtobanfacialrecognitiontechnologies.Theeffortsarewellintentioned,butbanningfacialrecognitionisthewrongwaytofightagainstmodemsurveillance（监视［.Generally,modernmasssurveillancehasthreebroadcomponents:identification,correlationanddiscrimination.Facialrecognitionisatechnologythatcanbeusedtoidentifypeoplewithouttheirconsent.Onceweareidentified,thedataaboutwhoweareandwhatwearedoingcanbecorrelatedwithotherdata.Thismightbemovementdata,whichcanbeusedto"follow"usaswemovethroughoutourday.Itcanbepurchasingdata,Internetbrowsingdata,ordataaboutwhowetalktoviaemailortext.Itmightbedataaboutourincome,ethnicity,lifestyle,professionandinterests.Thereisanentireindustryofdatabrokerswhomakealivingbysellingourdatawithoutourconsent.It'snotjustthattheyknowwhoweare;it'sthattheycorrelatewhattheyknowaboutustocreateprofilesaboutwhoweareandwhatourinterestsare.Thewholepurposeofthisprocessisforcompaniestotreatindividualsdifferently.WeareshowndifferentadsontheInternetandreceivedifferentoffersforcreditcards.Inthefuture,wemightbetreateddifferentlywhenwewalkintoastore,justaswecurrentlyarewhenwevisitwebsites.Itdoesn'tmatterwhichtechnologyisusedtoidentifypeople.What'simportantisthatwecanbeconsistentlyidentifiedovertime.Wemightbecompletelyanonymous（匿名的）inasystemthatusesuniquecookiestotrackusaswebrowsetheInternet,butthesameprocessofcorrelationanddiscriminationstilloccurs.Regulatingthissystemmeansaddressingallthreestepsoftheprocess.Abanonfacialrecognitionwon'tmakeanydifference.Theproblemisthatwearebeingidentifiedwithoutourknowledgeorconsent,andsocietyneedsrulesaboutwhenthatispermissible.Similarly,weneedrulesabouthowourdatacanbecombinedwithotherdata,andthenboughtandsoldwithoutourknowledgeorconsent.Thedatabrokerindustryisalmostentirelyunregulatednow.Reasonablelawswouldpreventtheworstoftheirabuses.Finally,weneedbetterrulesaboutwhenandhowitispermissibleforcompaniestodiscriminate.Discriminationbasedonprotectedcharacteristicslikeraceandgenderisalreadyillegal,butthoserulesareineffectualagainstthecurrenttechnologiesofsurveillanceandcontrol.Whenpeoplecanbeidentifiedandtheirdatacorrelatedataspeedandscalepreviouslyunseen,weneednewrules.Today,facialrecognitiontechnologiesarereceivingtheforceofthetechbacklash（抵制），butfocusingonthemmissesthepointWeneedtohaveaseriousconversationaboutallthetechnologiesofidentification,correlationanddiscrimination,anddecidehowmuchwewanttobespiedonandwhatsortsofinfluencewewantthemtohaveoverourlives.AccordingtoPara.2,withfacialrecognition,•one'slifestylechangesgreatlyone'semailcontentisdisclosedone'sprofilesareupdatedintimeone'spersonalinformationisreleasedWecanlearnfromthepassagethat.discriminationbasedonnewtechsurveillanceisillegaldifferentbrowsingdatabringindifferentadvertisementsusingmobilesanonymouslykeepsusfrombeingcorrelateddatabrokerscontrolthecurrenttechnologiesofsurveillanceTheunderlinedpart"thepoint"inthelastparagraphprobablyrefersto•people'sconcernovertheirsafetythenatureofthesurveillancesocietyproperregulationofmasssurveillancetheimportanceofidentificationtechnologyTheauthorwrotethispassageto.callforbanningfacialrecognitiontechnologiesadvocatetheurgentneedforchangesinrelatedlawsinformreadersofthedisadvantagesoffacialrecognitionevaluatethreebroadcomponentsinmodernmasssurveillance第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Onceconsideredanoptionallifestylechoice,recyclinghasbecomeacommonplaceactivityinmostareas.Onetypeofrecycling,calleddowncycling,involvesre-purposingamaterialintoanewproductoflesserquality.46Downcyclingisalsoknownasdownstreamrecycling.Itismostcommonintermsofindustrialmaterials.Theseproductslosetheirvalueastheyarerecycled,whichlimitstheircapacityfornewuse.47Whitewritingpaper,forexample,isoftendowncycledintocardboard;oncedowncycledtothisnewform,itcannolongerbeusedaswhitepaperagain.Anotherexampleofdowncyclingincludestheuseofplasticcomponents.Givingproductsanewlifeisconsideredagoodwaytoreusematerialsandavoidwaste.Oncedowncycledtotheirfullcapacity,however,thesematerialsareeventuallysodegradedth