2023年全国10月自考高级英语试题及答案课程代码00600

绝密★考试结束前全国10月高等教育自学考试高级英语试题课程代码：00600请考生按规定用笔将所有试题旳答案涂、写在答题纸上。所有题目用英文作答（英译汉题目除外）。选择题部分注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己旳考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹旳签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定旳位置上。2.每题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目旳答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦洁净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。I．Eachofthefollowingsentencesisgivenfourchoicesofwordsorexpressions．Choosetherightonetocompletethesentence．(15points，1pointforeach)1．Thepresidingjudgedescribedtheterroristattackasan______crime．A．alluring B．abusiveC．abnormal D．abominable2．Thebillionaire______hisonlydaughterhisentireestate．A．deprived B．entrustedC．presented D．bequeathed3．Through______teethshetoldherex-supervisortoleaveimmediately．A．sneezing B．clenchedC．shivering D．drenched4．Despiteallthegoodwillintheworld，theMiddleEastpeaceprocessremainsas______andfrustratingasever．A．elusive B．evasiveC．inclusive D．conducive5．Thetwogreattennisplayerstogethermakea(n)______combination．A．sizeable B．affordableC．perishable D．formidable6．Helivedquietlywithawomanwhowasneitheryoungnorold，neither______norpretty．A．sociable B．irritableC．homely D．snobbish7．TheseTVviewersshowa(n)______lackofunderstanding．A．generous B．irresistibleC．lamentable D．good-natured8．Heshowedgreat______ofcharacterwhenherefusedtoacceptthebribes．A．force B．abilityC．strength D．potential9．Iwillgobacktomypeacefulhousealthoughitishumbleand______．A．cozy B．meanC．worn D．shabby10．Whentheauthorityoffathersbeginsto______，politicalpowergenerallycollapses，aswell．A．falter B．filterC．rumble D．ramble11．Theglassremained______afterbeingdropped．A．intact B．contentC．abstract D．compact12．I______thisspeechtothememoryofthesewomenandchildren．A．devote B．promoteC．dedicate D．indicate13．Trytodosomephysicalactivitythreetimesaweekfor______health．A．opium B．optimumC．minimum D．maximum14．Theyneedtobe______atcollaboratingwithcolleaguesoutsidetheirowndepartment．A．adopt B．adeptC．adapt D．abrupt15．Hedeterminedwhowouldgofirstwithacoin______．A．toss B．flingC．twist D．throwReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandcompletethesucceedingthreeitemsII，III，IV.ToKillorNottoKill(1)Capitalpunishmenthasbeenineffectsincethe1600’s．However,in1972theU．S．SupremeCourtruledthatthedeathpenaltywascruelandunusualpunishment，whichwasunconstitutionalaccordingtotheEighthAmendment．Itwaspublicopinionthatthecurrentmethodsofexecution，hanging，electrocution，andfacingafiringsquad，weretooslowandpainfuluponthepersontobeexecuted．TheU．S．SupremeCourtreversedthisdecisionwhenacleanerwaytobringaboutdeathwasfoundin1976．Thiscleanerwayis(2)Manypeoplehavearguedforandagainstcapitalpunishmentsinceitwasreinstituted．Somesaythedeathpenaltyiswhatthecriminaldeserveswhileothersobjecttoitbecausedeathisirreversible．Ifeelthedeathpenaltyisagoodformofjusticebecauseonlyabout250peopleayeargetthedeathpenaltyandtheyareguiltybeyondadoubtanddon’tdeservelivingwiththepossibilityofparole．(3)ThesentencingjudgeorjuryareorderedbytheSupremeCourttolookforspecificaggravatingandmitigatingfactorsindecidingwhichconvictedmurderersshouldbesentencedtodeath．Someofthesemitigatingfactorsarethedefendant’smotivation,character,personalhistory,andmostofallremorse．Everyyearapproximately250newoffendersareaddedtodeathrow．In1994therewere2，850personsawaitingexecution．Yetnomorethanthirty-eightpeoplehavebeenexecutedayearsince1976．Thisisaridiculouslylownumbercomparedto199personsexecutedin1935．(4)Thereasonforthisslowexecutionrateistheprocessofappeals．Fromsentencingtoexecutionthereisaboutaseven-to-eight-yearwait．Theconvicts’casesarereviewedbythestatecourtsandthroughthefederalcourts．Withallthisopportunityforthecasetobeturnedoverorthesentencetobechangeditisalmostimpossibleforaninnocentpersontobeexecuted．OnlytwopeoplehavebeenprovedinnocentaftertheirexecutionintheUnitedStates．Thesewrongfuldeathsoccurredin1918and1949．Sincethenthejusticesystemhasundergonealotoffinetuningmakingthisextremelyunlikelytoday.(5)Oneargumentagainstthedeathpenaltyisthatitcostslesstoimprisonsomeoneforlifethantoexecutethem．Thisisagoodpointthathasa1otofimpactonalotofpeople’sviewsregardingcapitalpunishmentsincetheyaretheonesfootingthebill．throughtaxes．IpersonallywouldnotmindpayingthelittlebitextrajustsoIknowforsurethatthere’sone1essmurdereronourplanet．Ifthedeathpenaltywasdoneawaywith，prisonerswhoshouldhavebeenexecutedwillbemixedinwithotherinmates．Itwouldbepossibleandnottoounlikelyforthemtokillanotherinmateorpossiblyaprisonguard．Ifsomeoneislinedupforexecutionthentheymorethanlikelydeserveit．Theyhavecausedagreatdealofgrieftothefamilyandfriendsofthevictimorvictimsanditseemsliketheonlywayjusticecouldbeservedisforthecriminaltodie.(6)Forthepersontosimplygotojailseemsunfair．Theretheywilleatthreemealsaday,gettowatchcableTVandbefriendotherinmates．Theyliveaprettydecent1ifeinprisonandtheydon’tdeserveit．OutofthefiftystatesintheUnitedStates37haveandusecapitalpunishment．Outofthesamefiftystatesonly18have1ifeimprisonmentwithoutparole．Intheother32statesapersonwhoshould’vebeenexecutedcanbereleasedafteras1ittleas20yearsinprison．(7)Therearecertainstandardsthatarefollowedingivingoutcapitalpunishment．Thedefendantcannotbeinsane,andtherealorcriminalintentmustbepresent．Also，minorsveryrarelyreceivethedeathpenaltybecausetheyarenotfullymatureandmightnotknowtheconsequencesoftheiractions．Finallythementallyretardedareveryseldomexecuted．Thereasonfornotexecutingtheretardedisthattheyoftenhavedifficultydefendingthemselvesincourt,haveproblemsrememberingdetails，locatingwitnesses，andtestifyingcrediblyontheirownbehalf．(8)Ifcapitalpunishmentwerecarriedoutmoreitwouldprovetobethecrimedeterrentitwaspartlyintendedtobe．Mostcriminalswouldthinktwicebeforecommittingmurderiftheyknewtheirown1ivesareatstake．Asitturnsout，asveryfewpeopleareexecuted，sothedeathpenaltyisnotasatisfactorydeterrent．Duringhighlypublicizeddeathpenaltycasesthehomiciderateisfoundtogodownbutitgoesbackupwhenthecaseisover．(9)ThomasEdison，afamousscientistandAmericanhero，helpeddevelopandextensivelypromotedtheelectricchair．Theelectricchairwasapopularmethodofexecutionfromthe1930stothe1970s．Thedeathpenaltyisapunishmentthatwillremainactiveforalongtimeinthefuture，evenwithallthecriticism．Itisanancientwayofdealingwithextremelyseriousoffencesthatplagueourcountrytoday．Hopefullytheappealsprocesswillbeshortened，butremaineffective，somorecriminalscanbeexecuted，makingprospectivecriminalsthinktwice．II．Inthissection，therearetenincompletestatementsorquestions，followedbyfourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD．ChoosethebestanswerandblackenthecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.(20points，2pointsforeach)16．Thedeathsentencewasinstitutedsome______yearsago．A．200 B．300C．400 D．50017．Accordingtothefirstparagraph，peoplegenerallythoughtthat______．A．lethalinjectionwaspainfulbutquickB．deathpenaltywascruelandthereforeshouldbeabolishedC．facingafiringsquadwasacleanerwayforcapitalpunishmentD．themethodsthenusedtobringaboutdeathwereslowandpainful18．Amethodofexecutionthatisnotmentionedinthisarticleis______．A．hanging B．injectionC．decapitation D．electrocution19．Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword“remorse”inParagraph3?A．regret B．rebellionC．revulsion D．recklessness20．Twopersonsputtodeath，onein1918andtheotherin1949，werefoundtohavebeen_____．A．insane B．wronglykilledC．mentallyretarded D．executedwithouttrial21．Theexpression“footingthebill”inParagraph5canbebestreplacedby______．A．payingthecost B．askingforpaymentC．causingtheexpenses D．refundingtheexpenses22．Inthepassage，theauthorimpliesthat______．A．morethan15statesintheUnitedStatesdonotusecapitalpunishmentB．1ifeimprisonmentwithoutparoleisaheaviersentencethancapitalpunishmentC．intheUnitedStatesthosewhoshould’vebeenexecuted1iveamiserablelifeinprisonD．intheUnitedStatesapersonwhoshould’vebeenexecutedmightbesetfreeafteronly20years’imprisonment23．Theexpression“atstake”inParagraph8means______．A．atrisk B．atissueC．inamess D．outofcontrol24．Theauthordoesnotmentionthat______．A．capitalpunishmentfacesalotofcriticismB．thedeathpenaltywillcontinuetobecarriedoutC．extremelyseriousoffencesaretroublingtheUnitedStatesD．thedeathpenaltyisamodernwayofhandlingatrociouscrimes25．Itisobviousthattheauthorofthisarticle______．A．doesnotobjecttoabolishingcapitalpunishmentB．showssympathytothoseguiltyofunpardonableevilC．isinfavorofsentencingthosecommittinggravecrimestodeathD．believesthatmanyofthosecondemnedtodeathdonotdeservetheirpunishment非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹旳签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。III.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseandwritethetranslationonyourAnswerSheet．(10points，2pointsforeach)26．Somesaythedeathpenaltyiswhatthecriminaldeserveswhileothersobjecttoitbecausedeathisirreversible．27．Sincethenthejusticesystemhasundergonealotoffinetuningmakingthisextremelyunlikelytoday．28．IpersonallywouldnotmindpayingthelittlebitextrajustsoIknowforsurethatthere’sonelessmurdereronourplanet．29．Theyhavecausedagreatdealofgrieftothefamilyandfriendsofthevictimorvictimsanditseemsliketheonlywayjusticecouldbeservedisforthecriminaltodie．30．Ifcapitalpunishmentwerecarriedoutmoreitwouldprovetobethecrimedeterrentitwaspartlyintendedtobe．IV．AnswerthefollowingessayquestioninEnglishwithin80～100words．WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.(10points)31．Doyouarguefororagainstcapitalpunishment?Listthreeofyourarguments．V.Thefollowingparagraphsaretakenfromthetextbooks，followedbyalistofwordsorexpressionsmarkedAtoY.ChoosetheonethatbestcompleteseachofthesentencesandwritethecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.Onewordorexpressionforeachblankonly．(25points，1pointforeach)WhenIwasgraduatingfromcollege，mygenerationalsofoundtheworldina32．Theeconomicmachineryhadbroken33almosteverywhere：Inthiscountrynearlyaquarterofthe34wasoutofwork.Amajorwarseemedall35likely．Asacollegenewspapereditoratthattime，Iprotestedagainstthis36asvehementlyasstudentactivistsareprotestingtoday．Iwonderifthisblandnessofourdietdoesn’texplain37somanyofusareoverweightandevendangerouslyso．Whenthingshadflavor,weknewwhatwewereeatingallthe38—anditsatisfiedus．A39ofmymother-in-law’swildstrawberryjamwillentirelysatisfyyourjamdesire．But，ofthe40tinnedorglass-packedstrawberryjam，youneedhalfacupfultogetthe41ofwhatyou'reeating．Literacymaynotbeaninalienablehumanright，butitis42thatthehighlyliterateFoundingFathersmightnothavefoundunreasonableoreven43．Wearenotonlynotattainingit44anation，statisticallyspeaking，butwearefallingf