保单审核实务专题培训

保单审核实务专题培训

主要内容保险单据的出具人Aninsurancedocumentistoappeartohavebeenissuedandsignedbyaninsurancecompanyorunderwriterortheiragentorproxy.Forexample,aninsurancedocumentissuedandsignedby‘AAinsuranceLtd’appearstohavebeenissuedbyaninsurancecompany.(K2-A新增)Whenanissuerisidentifiedas‘insurer’,theinsurancedocumentneednotindicatethatitisaninsurancecompanyorunderwriter.(K2-B新增)保险单据的出具人ThispolicyofInsurancewitnessthatPingAnProperty&CasualtyInsuranceCompanyofChinaLtd,attherequestoftheinsuredandinconsiderationoftheagreedpremiumpaidbytheInsuredundertakestoinsuretheundermentionedgoodsintransportationsubjecttotheconditionsofPolicyaspertheclausesprintedoverleafandotherspecialclausesattachedhereon.中国平安财产保险股份有限公司根据被保险人的要求及其所约定的保险费，按照本保险单背面所载条款与下列特款，承保下属货物运输保险，特立本保险单。保险单据的出具人Aninsurancedocumentsignedbyanagentorproxyistoindicatethenameoftheinsurancecompanyorunderwriterfor[oronbehalfof]whichtheagentorproxyissigning,unlesstheinsurancecompanyorunderwriternamehasbeenidentifiedelsewhereinthedocument.Forexample,when“AAInsuranceLtd”hasbeenidentifiedastheinsurer,thedocumentmaybesigned“JohnDoe(byproxy)onbehalfoftheinsurer”or“JohnDoe(byproxy)onbehalfofAAInsuranceLtd”.(K4新增)保险单据的出具人保险单据的出具人案例：受益人提交的保险单据左下角印就了countersignaturebyassured栏目，但该栏目没有被保险人签字。开证行根据本段拒付，但交单行援引下列内容反驳：A37.Thefactthatadocumenthasabox,fieldorspaceforasignaturedoesnotinitselfmeanthatsuchbox,fieldorspaceistobecompletedwithasignature.保险单据的出具人A38.Whenadocumentincludeswordingsuchas“Thisdocumentisnotvalidunlesscountersigned[orsigned]by(nameofthepersonorentity)”orwordsofsimilareffect,theapplicablebox,fieldorspaceistocontainasignatureandthenameofthepersonorentitythatiscountersigningthedocument.交单行认为，根据上述两段内容，只有保险单据的会签处注明Thisdocumentisnotvalidunlesscountersignedbytheassured时，才必须由被保险人会签。保险单据的出具人K5之“有会签栏位必须会签”与A38之“不会签无效时才会签”对比，谁压过谁？nottransferableunlesscountersigned背景：信用证规定Fullsetofinsurancepolicyfor110pctofinvoicevalueblankendorsed.提交的保险单据被保险人是受益人，没有背书，但在保险单据正面左下角印就了下列语句：ThispolicynottransferableunlesscountersignedbytheAssured.在此处所印就的会签横线上，有被保险人即受益人的签字。问题：开证行以保单没有背书为不符点拒付，不符点成立吗？nottransferableunlesscountersigned

背景：保单被保险人是受益人，保单显示”ThiscertificateisnottransferableunlesscountersignedbyanauthorizedrepresentativeofthiscompanyortheAssured.”并没有副签，但有背书。是否存在不符点？保险单据的出具人Aninsurancedocumentmayshowonlythetradingnameoftheinsurancecompanyinthesigningfield,provideditisidentifiedastheinsurancecompanyelsewhereonthedocument,forexample,whenaninsurancedocumentisissuedandsigned“AA”inthesigningfieldbutshows“AAInsuranceLtd”anditsaddressandcontactinformationelsewhereinthedocument.（K6新增）

保险单据的出具人Aninsurancedocumentthatindicatesthatcoverisprovidedbymorethanoneinsurermaybesignedasingleagentorproxyonbehalfofallinsurersorbesignedbyaninsurerfor[oronbehalfof]allco-insurers.Anexampleofthelatterwillbewhenaninsurancedocumentisissuedandsigned“AAInsuranceLtd,leadinginsurerfor[oronbehalfof]theco-insurers”.

NotwithstandingtheprovisionsinparagraphsK2,K3andK4,aninsurancedocumentwhichindicatesthatcoverisprovidedbymorethanoneinsurerneednotshowthenamesofeachinsurerorthepercentageofcoverofeachinsurer.（K7新增）

保险单据的出具人Document470/TA.759Aninsurancepolicywiththefollowinginformationwaspresentedunderadocumentarycredit.Suminsured:USD284,311.79(110pctoftheinvoicevalue)Co-insurance: Total SumInsured ABCInsuranceLtd. %60 USD170,587.07 XYZInsuranceLtd. %40 USD113,724.72 Total %100 USD284,311.79 保险单据的出具人TherequirementinUCP600isforaninsurancecompanyorunderwriterwhoiscoveringtherisktoissueandsigntheinsurancedocumenteitherintheirownnameorforittobesignedfororontheirbehalfbytheiragentsorproxies.保险单据的出具人Whenaninsurancedocumentindicatesthattherisksarecoveredbytwoormoreinsurers,theinsurancedocumentmustbesignedbyalltheinsurersoroneinsureronbehalfofotherco-insurers.Alternatively,separateinsurancedocumentsmaybepresentedsignedbyeachco-insurerindicatingbypercentageorotherwisethevalueoftheircoverandstatingthateachinsurerwillbearitsshareoftheliabilityseverallywithoutanypre-conditionsrelatingtoanyotherinsurancecoverarrangedforthesameshipment.保险单据的出具人Inthisparticularcasetheinsurancepolicysubmittedindicatesthattherisksarecoveredbytwodifferentinsurers.Therefore,andinordertocomplywithUCP600sub-article28(a),theinsurancepolicymustbesignedbyboththenamedinsurersortheirrespectiveagentsorproxies;orbyoneinsureronbehalfoftheotherinsurer,forexample“ABCInsuranceLtdasleadinginsurerandforandonbehalfoftheco-insurer”.保险单据的出具人举例：由一个代理人代理所有保险人签字TomBrook(私人签字)ABCCompanyasagentfortheinsurersAAANDBB由一个牵头保险人代理所有共同保险人签字BlackSmithAAInsuranceLtdLeadinginsureronbehalfoftheco-insurers保险单据的出具人保险单据签字如下：BLACKSMITHXYZbrokerasagentofABCInsuranceLtdleadinginsurerForandonbehalfoftheco-insurers如此签发是否可接受？保险单据的出具人ICCR278分析与结论：Theinsurancedocumenttowhichthisqueryrelateswouldseemtobesignedbythebrokersasagentsofthenamedinsurancecompany,ABCInsuranceLtd,asleadinginsureralsoforandonbehalfoftheco-insurers,andimpliestheirjointliability.Thereisnodiscrepancy.保险单据的出具人Whentheinsurancedocumentindicatesthatithasbeenissuedinmorethanoneoriginal,alloriginalsmustbepresented.(UCPART.28-B)Whenacreditrequirestheinsurancedocumenttobeissuedinmorethanoneoriginal,orwhentheinsurancedocumentindicatesthatithasbeenissuedinmorethanoneoriginal,alloriginalsaretobepresentedandaretoappeartohavebeensigned.（K8修改）保单正本份数背景：

国外出口商提交的保单显示正本份数为1却提交2份正本保单，这可以提不符吗？

DATEAninsurancedocumentthatincorporatesanexpirydatemustclearlyindicatethatsuchexpirydaterelatestothelatestdatethatloadingonboardordispatchortakinginchargeofthegoods(asapplicable)istooccur,asopposedtoanexpirydateforthepresentationofanyclaimsthereunder.(旧版PARA.175)Aninsurancedocumentisnottobeindicateanexpirydateforthepresentationofanyclaimsthereunder.(新版K9)DATECASE:Periodofinsurance:from01/01/2014to12/31/2014,anyclaimsforlossbytheftorpilferagemustbecompletedwithin10daysofexpiryoftheinsuranceandthatclaimsoutsidetheexpiryaresubjecttoagreementandadditionalpremium.DATEThedateoftheinsurancedocumentmustbenolaterthanthedateofshipment,unlessitappearsfromtheinsurancedocumentthatcoveriseffectivefromadatenotlaterthanthedateofshipment.(UCPART.28-E)Whenaninsurancedocumentindicatesadateofissuancelaterthanthedateofshipment(asdefinedinUCP600articles19‐25),itistoclearlyindicatebyadditionornotethatcoverageiseffectivefromadatenotlaterthanthedateofshipment.（K10-B）WarehousetowarehouseAninsurancedocumentthatindicatescoveragehasbeeneffectedfrom“warehouse-to-warehouse”orwordsofsimilareffect,andisdatedafterthedateofshipment,doesnotindicatethatcoveragewaseffectivefromadatenotlaterthanthedateofshipment.(K10)R766/TA709rev保单上的仓至仓条款问题背景：

保单的签发日期晚于货物的装运日期，但保单上批注有"fromwarehousetowarehouse"条款。

问题：

就时间问题而言，该保单可接受吗？

R766/TA709rev保单上的仓至仓条款问题ICC银行委员会的两种观点：一种认为，既然是Warehousetowarehouse，则表明保险自出口方仓库已经开始，显然涵盖了运输单据的装运日期，因此是可接受的；另一种观点则认为，尽管Warehousetowarehouse的空间范围大于运输单据的运输范围，但保险单据直至签发才生效，因此签发日期晚于装运日期仍是不能接受的。R766/TA709rev保单上的仓至仓条款问题分析及结论：

第28条e款规定：保险单据的日期不得晚于发运日期，除非保险单据表明保险责任不迟于发运日生效。

如果保单表明保险范围系仓至仓，则保单日期晚于装运日期是可接受的。“仓至仓”或类似条款表明保险责任从货物运入规定仓库那一刻就开始了。此时保单日期已无关紧要，因为保险已早于装运日期开始。

审单人员无需了解具体的保险条款，比如ICC(A)是否包含仓至仓条款。如果保单日期晚于装运日期，保单上必需清楚地注明仓至仓条款，方才符合第28条e款。

R766/TA709rev保单上的仓至仓条款问题CIC的海洋运输货物保险条款（1981.1.1.)

责任起讫

:本保险负“仓至仓”责任，自被保险货物运离保险单所载明的起运地仓库或储存处所开始运输时生效，包括正常运输过程中的海上，陆上，内河和驳船运输在内，直至该项货物到达保险单所载明目的地收货人的最后仓库或储存处所或被保险人用做分配，分派或非正常运输的其他储存处所为止。”R766/TA709rev保单上的仓至仓条款问题DURATION

TransitClause

8.8.1SubjecttoClause11below,thisinsuranceattachesfromthetimethesubject-matterinsuredisfirstmovedinthewarehouseorattheplaceofstorage(attheplacenamedinthecontractofinsurance)forthepurposeoftheimmediateloadingintoorontothecarryingvehicleorotherconveyanceforthecommencementoftransit,continuesduringtheordinarycourseoftransitandterminateseither8.1.1oncompletionofunloadingfromthecarryingvehicleorotherconveyanceinoratthefinalwarehouseorplaceofstorageatthedestinationnamedinthecontractofinsurance,”

DATEIntheabsenceofanyotherdatestatedtobetheissuancedateoreffectivedateofinsurancecoverage,acountersignaturedatewillbedeemedtobeevidenceoftheeffectivedateoftheinsurancecoverage.K11新增保单的副签日期可以视为保险生效日期吗？背景：

保单没有显示出具日期，也没有生效日期。

保单底部印就文句："Notvalidunlesscountersignedbytheinsuredortheinsurancecompany"，其下有副签和日期（13/10/2009）。

装运日期也是13/10/2009。问题：

1、保单没有显示出具日期或生效日期，可接受吗？

2、副签日期可作为保险生效日期吗？

保单的副签日期可以视为保险生效日期吗？分析及结论：

UCP600第28条e款规定：保险单据的日期（dateoftheinsurancedocument）不得晚于发运日期，除非保险单据表明保险责任不迟于发运日生效。

ISBP681第13段规定：即使信用证没有明确要求，汇票、运输单据和保险单据也必需注明日期（mustbedated）。

上述条款中的”date”并不仅限于单据的出具日期，也包括单据生效的日期。

如果没有其他表明为出具或生效的日期，保单的副签日期可作为保险生效的日期。

保单生效日期是否晚于装运日？

案例背景：提单SHIPDATE:2014-4-18

保险单据显示出具日2014-4-15

保险单含"非被保险人双签无效",因此被保险人双签,显示双签日:2014-4-20

保单生效日期是否晚于装运日？

分析Adocumentindicatingadateofissuanceandalaterdateofsigningisdeemedtohavebeenissuedonthedateofsigning.（A13）Thereferenceto“date”insub-article28(e)andISBPpublicationisnotconfinedmerelytotheissuancedateofadocument,butcanalsoincludeadateuponwhichadocumentdecomeseffectiveorvalid.Thedateofthecountersignatureisthedatethattheinsurancebecomesvalid(oreffective)andistobetakenintoconsiderationbybankswhendeterminingcompliancewiththetermsandconditionsofthecreditandUCP600article28.AmountofcoverandpertcentageThereisnorequirementforinsurancecoveragetobecalculatedtomorethantwodecimalplaces.K13新增AmountofcoverandpertcentageDocument470/TA.687rev开证行拒付:Insurancecert.No.xxxxxxxxxxxshowstheamountUSD102,762.02notcovering110pctofinvoicevalueUSD93,420.02.ThecorrectinsuranceamountshouldbeatleastUSD102,762.022whichmustnotberoundeddownfrom3placesofdecimals.Amountofcoverandpertcentage分析与结论Itisinsuranceindustrypracticethatinsurancedocumentswillevidencecoveragetoamaximumoftwodecimalplaces.Thispracticerecognizesthatintheeventofaclaimtheinsurancecompanyortheiragentwillnotbeinapositiontoeffectpaymentthatwouldincludeacurrencyunitthatwenttoathirddecimalpoint.Theminimumcalculationintheexamplesshownwouldbe:InvoicevalueUSD93,420.02+10%i.e.,USD9,342.00=USD102,762.02Itisnotpossibletopayafractionofthesmallestunitofcurrency.Internationalstandardbankingpracticeistocalculateto2decimalplacesThisisnotadiscrepancy.irrespectiveofpercentage

Ifacreditrequirestheinsurancecovertobeirrespectiveofpercentage,theinsurancedocumentmustnotcontainaclausestatingthattheinsurancecoverissubjecttoafranchiseoranexcessdeductible.（PARA177）Aninsurancedocumentmayindicatethatcoverissubjecttoafranchiseorexcess(deductible).However,whenacreditrequirestheinsurancecovertobeirrespectiveofpercentage,theinsurancedocumentisnottocontainaclausestatingthattheinsurancecoverissubjecttoafranchiseoranexcess(deductible).Aninsurancedocumentneednotstate“irrespectiveofpercentage”.（新版K14）irrespectiveofpercentageItisbecauseofamountsexcludedbybothtermsthattheapplicantmayrequesttheinsurancedocumenttoevidencethatclaimsarepayableirrespectiveofpercentage.Ifsuchaspecificrequirementisshown,adocumentcheckermustbesatisfiedthataspecificnotationtothiseffectisshownontheinsurancedocument,notwithstandingthatthestandardtermsofsomepoliciesprovideforclaimstobepayableirrespectiveofpercentage.----节选自CDCS教材2012年版本P269irrespectiveofpercentage免赔率或免赔额的表述：1.NosurveyrequestedforclaimlessthanUSD500orequivalentinothercurrencies;2.Deductible0.5%oftheinsuredvalueperclaim;3.SubjecttoUSD500excess;4.Subjecttoanexcessof1%ontotalsuminsuredorminimumHKD3500(whicheveristhegreater)inrespectofeachandeveryclaim;5.Subjectto1.5%franchise.Amountofcoverandpertcentage和之前的ISBP681PARA174相比，K16Insurancecoveringthesameriskforthesameshipmentistobecoveredunderonedocumentunlessmorethanoneinsurancedocumentispresentedindicatingpartialcoverandeachdocumentclearlyreflect,bypercentageorotherwise：a.thevalueofeachinsurer’scover;b.thateachinsurerwillbearitsshareoftheliabilityseverallyandwithoutpre-conditionsrelatingtoanyotherinsurancecoverthatmayhavebeeneffectedforthatshipment;andc.therespectivecoverageofthedocumentwhentotaled,equalsatleasttheinsuredamountrequiredbythecreditorUCP600sub-article28(f)(ii)InsuredpartyandendorsementAninsurancedocumentmustbeintheformasrequiredbythecreditand,wherenecessary,beendorsedbythepartytowhoseorderclaimsarepayable.Adocumentissuedtobearerisacceptablewherethecreditrequiresaninsurancedocumentendorsedinblankandviceversa.（旧版PARA179已删除）Acreditshouldnotrequireaninsurancedocumenttobeissued“tobearer”,or“toorder”.Acreditshouldindicatethenameofaninsuredparty.(K20新增)

Whenacreditrequiresaninsurancedocumenttobeissued“toorderof(namedentity)”,thedocumentneednotindicate“toorder”providedthatthenamedentityisshownastheinsuredpartyorclaimsarepayabletoit,andassignmentbyendorsementisnotexpresslyprohibited.Insuredpartyandendorsement

Ifacreditissilentastotheinsuredparty,aninsurancedocumentevidencingthatclaimsarepayabletotheorderoftheshipperorbeneficiarywouldnotbeacceptableunlessendorsed.（PARA180）Whenacreditissilentastotheinsuredparty,aninsurancedocumentisnottoevidencethatclaimsarepayabletotheorderof,orinfavorof,thebeneficiaryoranyentityotherthantheissuingbankorapplicant,unlessitisendorsedbythebeneficiaryorthatentityinblankorinfavouroftheissuingbankorapplicant.K21insurancedocumentinnegotiableform?Technically,thereisnosuchthingasanegotiableinsurancedocument.Aninsurancedocumentisadocumentthatisissuedinfavorofanassuredpartywhomaythenendorsetherightstoclaimthereundertoanotherparty.Bankstryandaligntheinsurancedocumentandbillofladinginreferringtonegotiability,buttheyaretwototallydifferentdocumentsand‘negotiable’onlyhasrelevanceunderadocumentoftitle.--garyGeneraltermsandconditionsBanksdonotexaminegeneraltermsa