2022北京首都师大回龙观育新学校高二（上）期中英语（教师版）

2022北京首都师大回龙观育新学校高二（上）期中

英语考生注意：本试卷共十页，共三道大题、43道小题，卷面满分100分，答题时间90分钟。考生务必将答案答在机读卡和答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题L5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。“It'snouse,saidJohnny.'Tmjustnogoodatdancing.”“You'vegottokeeptrying.Tonightwillbe],dear.TryaturnwiththatprettyLisette."Johnny2.EverySaturdaynightusedtobethebestoftheweek.HeandhisparentswenttothedanceattheClub,wherehishero,Alcide,playedtheaccordionwiththeband.Butlatelyeverythinghadchanged.NowthatJohnnywasolder,hewas3todancewithagirl.WhenJohnnyandhisparentsarrivedattheClub,musichadalreadystarted.Johnnygotuphis4toapproachLisette.tkMayIhavethisdance?”Johnnyasked."That'sallright,“saidLisette.JohnnystruggledtokeepupwithLisette'ssmoothsteps,buthewasalwaysonebeatbehindher.ThenJohnnyheardhisfriendPierresay,“Look!Johnnyhastwoleteel!”5burstfromthecrowd.Johnnybrokeawayandranoutside,determinednevertogotoanotherdance.ThenextSaturday,Alcide6toJohnny'shousefbrsomepotatoes.HehappenedtohearJohnnyplayingtheaccordion.Alcide'seyes7."Bringthataccordionandplaysomesongstonight,“Alcidesaid.Thenhedroveoff,leavingJohnnystaringopen-mouthedafterhim.AttheClub.JohnnyscannedthecrowdforLisetteand8her,andinvitedherforadance.ThebandplayedfbralongtimebeforeAlcidesaid,“Dearfriends,Igotasurprisefbryoutonight.YoungJohnnyisgoingtojoinus!”9,Johnnysteppedupontheplatform,hiseyesonthefloor.Hebegantoplay,andthebandjoinedinbehindhim.Whenthesongended,heheardcheers.Johnnykeptplayinguntilthedancewasover."Youdidafinejobtonight.PlaywithusagainnextSaturdaynightJAlcidesaid.uYcs,sir!”saidJohnny.Ashewentoutside,JohnnysawLisetteandherfriendsnearthedoor.Lisettestepped10,smiling.4tYouplayedreallygoodtonightshesaid."Thankyou,^^Johnnyblushed.1.A.difficultB.troublesomeC.differentD.terrible2.A.answeredB.sighedC.smiledD.laughed3.A.expectedB.invitedC.allowedD.chosen4.A.spiritsB.feelingsC.courageD.strength5.A.ShoutsB.LaughterC.ApplauseD.Cheers6.A.ranB.walkedC.droveD.cycled7.A.openedB.rolledC.shaipenedD.widened8.A.caughtB.searchedC.soughtD.spotted9.A.StrugglingB.TremblingC.WanderingD.Whispering10.A.backwardB.upwardC.forwardD.downward考查动词词义辨析。句意：Alcide睁大了眼睛。A.opened打开：B.rolled（使）翻滚;C.sharpened（使）变得锋利；D.widened（使）变宽。根据后文“ThebandplayedforalongtimebeforeAlcidesaid,t4Dcarfriends,Igotasurpriseforyoutonight.YoungJohnnyisgoingtojoinus!,,n可知,是Alcide听到Johnny弹奏手风琴，拉的很好，所以邀请他上台表演，此处是因为惊讶而眼睛睁大。故选D项。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在俱乐部里，Johnny扫视人群寻找Liselte,发现了她，邀请她跳舞。A.caught拦住;B.searched搜索：C.soughl寻求;D.spotted发现、看见。根据前文“AliheClub,JohnnyscannedihecrowdforLisetteM以及后文“invitedherforadance."可知，是Johnny在人群中寻找Lisette,找到了她,才会邀请她跳舞。故选D项。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Johnny战战兢兢地走上平台，两眼望着地板。A.Struggling奋斗；B.Trembling（因紧张、激动、惊慌等）颤抖;C.Wandering徘徊;D.Whispering耳语。根据后文“hiseyesonthefloorn可知，Johnny的心情是紧张，害怕的，所以是颤抖着走上台。故选B项。【10题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Lisette微笑着走上前去。A.backward向后；B.upward向上；C.forward向前；D.downward向下。根据后文”"Youplayedreallygoodtonight!”shesaid.”可知，Lisette是在赞扬Johnny,所以她是走上前和Johnny说话。故选C项。第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1分，共15分）【答案】11.with12.doing13.isnotmeasured14.but【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。Jason以前是一个很有钱的大学教授，后来知道每年都有很多人饿死，还有一些地方没有学校和老师后，就把所有的钱都捐给慈善机构了。他认为成功不是用你有多有钱衡量，而是你对生命真谛的理解来衡量。11题详解】考查介词。句意：16年前，杰森是一名大学教授，拥有一栋六居室大房子和20。万美元的财产。根据句意可知，此处表示“拥有一栋六居室大房子和20（）万美元的财产”，整个短语表伴随，应用介词*th。故填with。【12题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这使他很担心，他感到内疚，身为富人却什么都不做。分析句子可知，设空处位于介词wiihoul后，作宾语，应用动名词doing形式。故填doing。【13题详解考查动词时态语态。句意：”成功不是用你有多少钱来衡量的，而是用你对•生活真谛的理解来衡量的。”杰森说。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，其主语为success,与measure之间为被动关系，表示“被衡量”，应用被动语态；结合句意可知，此处是在陈述客观真理，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语success为不可数名词，故谓语动词用单数形式。故填isnotmeasured。【14题详解】考查并列连词。句意：“成功不是用你有多少钱来衡量，而是用你对生活真谛的理解来衡量的。”杰森说。分析句子可知，设空处前后均为by+how引导的宾语从句，前后之间结构一致，故需填一个并列连词；结合句意可知，此处表示“成功不是用你有多少钱来衡量，而是用你对生命真谛的理解来衡量”，not...but...为固定搭配，意为“不是……而是……"。故填but。【答案】15.scars16.began17.where【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了好莱坞明星娜奥米•沃茨的成长经历。【15题详解】考查名词。句意：娜奥米•沃茨，好莱坞最伟大的明星之一，1968年9月28日出生于英国。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“oneof+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，意为“最……的……之一”，“star”意为“明星”，为可数名词，复数形式为“stars”。故填stars。【16题详解】考查时态。句意：七岁时，她开始跟随母亲和哥哥在英国各地旅行，直到1982年他们在澳大利亚定居，娜奥米说服母亲让她上表演课。根据句意和句中“Atseven”可知，句中陈述的是娜奥米七岁时的事，应用一般过去时,“begin”意为“开始”,动词词性，过去式为“began”。故填began。17题详解】考查定语从句。句意：七岁时，她开始跟随母亲和哥哥在英国各地旅行，直到1982年他们在澳大利亚定居，娜奥米说服母亲让她上表演课。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“Australia”，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词“where”引导从句。故填where。【答案】18.topredictwhileembarrassed【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了什么是人格以及理解人格的作用。【18题详解】考查不定式和动词短语。句意：理解人格可以让我们预测人们对待特定情况的反应，以及他们的喜好和价值。allowsbtodosth是固定短语，意为“允许某人做某事"，故填topredict。【19题详解】考杳并列连词。句意：例如，一个人在面对新的经历时可能会高兴地跳起来，而一个害羞的人可能会在一大群人面前感到尴尬。前后分句表达对比含义，故填while。【2()题详解】考杳形容词。句意：例如，一个人在面对新的经历时可能会高兴地跳起来，而一个害羞的人可能会在一大群人面前感到尴尬。feel后面接形容词作表语，修饰人用ed形容词，故填embarrassed。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）【答案】21.B22.C23.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者收集大量专家对书推荐的数据，然后向读者推荐一些有史以来最重要的书。[21题详解】细节理解题o由文章第三段“ThebookisthemostdetailedandthrillingaccountoftheeventsthatledtothedestructionoftheTwinTowers,basedonfiveyearsofresearchandhundredsofinterviews."（这本书是最详细且惊心动魄地描述那些导致双子塔毁灭的事件，以五年来的研究和成百上千的调查为基础。）可知，TheLoomingTowerbyLawrenceWright这本书描述的是TwinTowerso故选B项。【22题详解】细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段“Ammonite,Griffith'sfirstsciencefiction,whichwaspublishedin1992,wontheLambdaAwardandtheJamesTiptreeJrAward?*（Ammonite是Griffith的第一本科幻小说，出版于1992年,而且获得Lambda奖和JamesTiptreeJr奖。）可知,Ammonite是一本科幻小说。故选C项。[23题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Wehavetheworld'slargestcollectionofexpertbookrecommendations.Thefollowingarebooksthathavebeenrecommendedoverandoveragain,M（我们拥有世界上最大专家对书的推荐的收集数据，下面是一些不断被推荐的书籍。）可知，文章推荐的书籍都是专家们多次推荐的。故选B项。【答案】24.A25.C26.B27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述一个年轻女子努力实现自己目标的故事，来表达如果没有一个强有力的理由或FI标，生活中的任何事情都是困难的。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段"IoncemetayoungwomanwhohaddrcamsofswimmingfortheU.SOlympicteam.Shehadtogetupeverymorningal4a.m.toswimfor3hoursbeforegoingtoschool.ShedidnotpartywithherfriendsonSaturdaynight.Shehadtostudyandkeephergradesup,justlikeeveryoneelse.（我曾经遇到过一位年轻女子，她梦想成为美国奥运代表队的一员。她每天早上4点起床，游泳3个小时后才去上学。星期六晚上她没有和朋友聚会。她必须学习，保持好成绩，就像其他人一样）”可知，文章以一个年轻女子的故事开头，所以是举例子开头。故选A项。[25题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Shesimplysaid,“IdoitformyselfandthepeopleIlove.Il'slovethatgetsmeoverthehurdlesandsacrifices."（她只是说，“我这么做是为了我自己和我爱的人。是爱让我克服障碍和牺牲。可知，此处是年轻女子在解释是什么让她一直坚持，所以前面是作者在问她是什么促使她有如此超人的野心和牺牲，所以compelled此处是“促使”之意，与forced意思相近。故选C项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Firsllhe"don'twants”,fbrtheycreatethe“wants”.（首先是“不想要”，因为它们创造了“想要“）”可知，“想要”来自“不想要”。故选B项。【27题详解】推理判断题题。根据第六段中“Ihavelostmoneyandbeensetbackmanytimes,butitwasthedeepemotionalreasonsIhalkeptmestandingupandgoingforward.Iwantedtobefreebyage40,butittookmeuntilIwas47withmanylearningexperiencesalongtheway.（我已经失去了钱，多次被挫败，但正是深层次的情感原因让我站起来继续前进。我想在40岁时自由，但我直到47岁才实现，一路上有很多学习经历）”以及第七段“IwishIcouldsayitwaseasy.Itwasn't,butitwasn'thardeither.Butwithoutastrongreasonorpurposeanythinginlifeishard.（我希望我能说这很容易。不是，但也不难。但如果没有一个强有力的理由或目标，生活中的任何事情都是困难的）”可知，后文是对划线句子的解释，所以从划线的句子中了解到，在现实中，没有更深层次的情感原因，我们可能会遇到更多的障碍。故选D项。【答案】28.D29.A30.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。大多数成功人士都很关注自身健康，最近的研究表明健康与成功有联系。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的aSuccessfulpersons1汰elyshowupatthehealthclubconsistently,workwithapersonaltrainer,orgetupafewminutesearlyforaheartelevatingjog.Successfulpeopleliketojumpstarttheirdaywithplentyofenergyandthefeel-goodendorphins（内啡肽）thatexerciseoffers.（成功人士可能会经常出现在健康俱乐部，与私人教练一起工作，或早起几分钟进行提升心脏的慢跑。成功人士喜欢以充沛的精力和运动带来的让人感觉良好的内啡肽开始新的一天）”可知，成功人士可能会经常出现在健康俱乐部、与私人教练一起锻炼或早起慢跑。由此可推知，成功人上往往更关注自己的健康状况。故选D项。【29题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第四段中的“Whenaskedaboutobesity,75%ofmanagerssaidthatbeingoverweightisa''seriouscareerimpediment（妨碍）”.Dotheseresponsesreflectourobsessionwithweightlossandmirrortheconstantreportsofskinnyimagesinpopularcullure?（当被问及肥胖问题时，75%的管理者表示，超重是“严重的职业障碍”。这些回应是否反映了我们对减肥的obsession,并反映了流行文化中不断报道的瘦削形象?）”可知，当被问及肥胖问题时，有高达75%的管理者表示，超重是“严重的职业障碍”。因此下文问到了“这些回应是否反映了我们对减肥的痴迷”。obsession为名词，表示“痴迷、着魔"，与craze互为同义表达。故选A项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Further,aleadingmanagersearchcompanysurveyedmorethan1,300managers.Whenaskedtodescribetheirviewpointsofweightandwork,75%saidgoodphysicalfitnessis“criticalfbrcareersuccessatthemanagerlevel."17%,bycontrast,saidstayinginshapeis“anicegoal,butsecondarytogoodfitness."（此外，一家领头经理猎头公司调查了1300多名经理。当被问及他们对体重和工作的看法时，75%的人认为良好的身体素质”对管理者的职业成功至关重要”。相比之下，17%的人说保持身材是“一个很好的目标，但次于良好的身体素质“）”可知，经理猎头公司的研究表明，良好的身体素质对职业成功至关重要。故选B项。【答案】31.C32.A33.D34.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了极限运动的成功与风险。[31题详解】推理判断题。分析文章第二段第二句"Henotesthatmostofushitanaturalceilingthatlimitsourappetiteforextremeriskintrickyconditions.w（他指出，我们中的大多数人达到了一个自然的上限,这个（自然上限）限制了我们在复杂条件下对极端风险的欲望。）可知，这里含有一个定语从句，先行词为anaturalceiling,定语从句对anaturalceiling进行修饰，“限制了我们在复:杂条件下对极端风险的欲望”说明许多人不想做极限运动。故选C项。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段开头提到的“groupsclimbingEverest”（攀登珠穆朗玛峰的团体）和第二句“T。me,thatjustseemsliketheheightofrisk,^^hesaid.uButtothemitwasthenextstepinanactivitythatthey,vepreparedforyears."（“在我看来，这似乎是最大的风险，”他说。“但对他们来说，这是他们准备多年的一项活动的下一步。"）可知，登山者为挑战做了大量的准备。故选A项。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段第—句“Anotheraspectofriskperception（认知）maybesomethingreferredtoas“theflow"，astateinwhichmanyathletesbecomeabsorbedintheactsthatfbcusthemindcompletelyonthepresent.^^（风险认知的另一个方面可能是被称之为“心流”的东西，在这种状态下，许多运动员全神贯注于将精力完全集中在当下的行为。）以及后面的进一步解释可知，本段要点就是“theflow”这种特定的精神状态会使你更有可能去尝试一项活动。故选D项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Peopleofdifferentskilllevelsexperiencetheflowatdifferentlimes.Somemayalwaysbedriventoadventuresthatothersconsiderextreme.M（不同技能水平的人在不同的时间体验这种流动。一些人可能总是被驱使去冒险，而另一些人则认为是极端的。）以及后文所举的事例可知，不同的技能水平的人有自己不同的选择，所以冒险是你可以选择做或选择避免的事情。故选A项。【点睹】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括（如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词）。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。例如本文第3题，第五段的要点，就在段落第一句.匕准确理解了段落第一句，也就抓住了段落要点。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，共10分）【答案】35.B36.F37.C38.E39.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为“自动化”的行为模式，可以有助于人们养成新的好习惯。自动化强调了小的变化对产生大的不同的影响。心理学家KahinaLouis也提出了自己对此的看法。【35题详解】根据上文Anyonewho'striedtoaddsomethingnewtotheirroutineknowsonething:Buildingnewhabitsisn'teasy.可知任何试图在日常生活中增加一些新东西的人都知道一件事：养成新习惯并不容易。由此可知，本句承接上文说明为什么养成新的习惯不容易，这是因为养成新的习惯需要时间和坚持。上文中Buildingnewhabits对应到B选项中的It。故B选项”这需要时间和坚持”符合.上下文语境，故选B。【36题详解】根据后文Forexample:Ifyouwanttosavemorebutitseemsdifficulttoachieve,trytransferringfivedollarstoyoursavingsaccounteachtimeyoubuylunchduringtheweek.Ifyouwanttodomoresportsbutaren'tmotivatedtogotothegymeveryday,trydoing5pushupsaftereachtimeyouusetherestroom.可知例如:如果你想存更多的钱，但似乎很难做到，那就试着每周每次买午餐时把5美元转到你的储蓄账户上。如果你想做更多的运动，但又不想每天都去健身房，那就试试每次上完厕所后做5个俯卧撑吧。由此可知，自动化的意思是在你原有的习惯上增加新的习惯。故F选项“它是你把你想要的新习惯添加到已有的习惯上”符合上下文语境，故选F。【37题详解】根据后文“Automationworkswellindevelopingnewbehaviorpatternsbecausei（involvestheuseofpositivereinforcement,whichisoneofthemostpowerfultoolsfbrbehaviorchange,“KahinaLouis,apsychologist,tellsShine.可知心理学家KahinaLouis告诉Shine网站：“自动化在开发新的行为模式方面效果很好，因为它涉及到枳极强化的使用，这是改变行为最有力的工具之一。”由此可知，自动化是有效的改变行为的工具之一。故C选项“但它在尝试的过程中是有效的”符合上下文语境，故选C。【38题详解】根据后文“Asyoushowyourselfeachsmallchangeyou'vemade,you'regivingyourselfthemessagethatyouarec叩ableofaccomplishment,Louissays.可知Louis说：“当你向自己展示你所做的每一个小改变时，你给了自己一个信息：你有能力完成这些改变。”由此可知，这些小的步骤会激发你的自信，让你相信自己有能力完成这些改变。故E选项“这些小步骤会激发你的动力和自信”符合上下文语境，故选E。【39题详解】根据后文Takealookatwhatthingsyoukeepdoingthroughoutthedayorcourseoftheweektodecidewhentoaddnewautomation.Louissays,“Forexample:Ifyouknowthatyou'realwaysextremelytiredafterwork,thenyoumightconsiderpickinganautohabitthatoccursinyourmorningroutineratherthanintheevening.“可知看看你每天或每周都在做些什么来决定什么时候添加新的自动化。Louis说：“例如如果你知道你下班后总是特别累，那么你可以考虑选择一个在早上而不是晚上养成的开车习惯。”由此可知本段是在建议要找到自己的自动习惯。故A选项“找到你自动习惯”符合上下文语境，故选A。第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）［答案］40.Emotionalintelligencereferstotheabilitytoidentifyandregulateyourownemotions.Ratherthanreactwisely,highlyemotionalpeopletendtolettheiremotionsruntheirlives,oftensayingordoingsomethingtheymaylaterregret.Itsimportanttokeepyouremotionsundercontrol,sowhenyougethurt,youshouldne"herHeio〃arynordostupidthingsforrevenge.Accordingtothepassage,it'sokayfbryoutofeelangry,justnotout-of-controlangry.Imanagemyemotionsintwoways.Firstly,Ilikewritingdownmybadfeelings,whichenablesmetoletgoofthemsothatIcanfocusmoreonwhatmakesmecheerful.Secondly,whenconflictoccurs,ithelpstotalkopenlyaboutmyfeelingsandthoughts.Iimprovemyemotionalcontrolfromtwoaspects.Wheninconflictwithothers,Iaddressitwithashoe-shiftingview,whichhelpsmebelterunderstand（hemandavoidhighlyemotionalresponse.Asfbrmynegativefeelings,Iprefertoletthemoutinahealthyway,suchasrunningorsinging,whichbenefitsmeemotionally.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是什么是情商，高情商和低情商的人分别有什么表现。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的"Emolionalintelligencerefersto（heabilityloidentifyandregulateyourownemotions.（情商指的是识别和调节自己情绪的能力。）”可知，情商指的是识别和调节自己情绪的能力，故答案为Emotionalintelligencereferstotheabilitytoidentifyandregulateyourownemotions＜）[41题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Weallknowhighlyemotionalpeople.Ratherthanreactwisely,theytendtolettheiremotionsruntheirlives,oftensayingordoingsomethingtheymaylaterregret.（我们都认识高度情绪化的人。他们没有做出明智的反应，而是倾向于让自己的情绪控制自己的生活，经常说或做一些事后可能会后悔的事情。）”可知，高度情绪化的人倾向于让他们的情绪控制他们的生活，经常说或做•些事后可能会后悔的事情，故答案为Ratherthanreactwisely,highlyemotionalpeopletendtolettheiremotionsruntheirlives,oftensayingordoingsomethingtheymaylaterregreto【42题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Itmeansyouknowitisokaytobeangry,justnotout-of-controlangry.Youknowit'sokaytofeelhurt,butitisnotokaytodosomethingstupidinthenameofrevenge（报复）.（这意味着你知道生气是可以的，只是不要失控。你知道受伤是可以的，但以复仇的名义做傻事就不对了。）”可知，题干中说“shouldneithergetangry（都不应该生气）”是不对的，故答案为It'simportanttokeepyouremotionsundercontrol,sowhenyougethurt,youshouldneithergetangrynordostupidthingsforrevenge.Accordingtothepassage,il'sokayfbryoutofeelangry,justnotout-of-conlrolangry.。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据客观事实，首先，我喜欢写下我的不好的感觉，这能让我放开它们，这样我就能更多地关注让我快乐的事情。其次，当冲突发生时，公开谈论我的感受和想法会有帮助。故答案为1managemyemotionsintwoways.Firstly,Ilikewritingdownmybadfeelings,whichenablesmetoletgoofthemsothatIcanfocusmoreonwhatmakesmecheerful.Secondly,whenconflictoccurs,ithelpstotalkopenlyaboutmyfeelingsandthoughts.。第二节（20分）【答案】DearJim,ThesuccessfulpersoninmymindisZhangDingyu,whohasinfluencedmealot.ZhangDingyubecamethepresidentofJinyintanHospitalin2016andworkedhardforthedevelopmentofthehospital.Unfortunately,hewasdiagnosedwithALStwoyearslater.However,hewastotallycommittedtohiswork.Especiallyduringtheoutbreakof（hepandemicofCOVID-19,hewasdedicatedtohelpingthepatientstogettimelytreatmentandpaidlittleattentiontohisownhealth.Inmyopinion,heisasuccessfulperson,becauseIcanseethetruemeaningofsuccessfromhim,whichistomakecommitmenttowhatyoudoandhelptomaketheworldabetterplacetolivein.Iwouldliketolearnhisdedicationtoworkandhispositiveattitudetolife.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Jim写一封信，介绍一位你所钦佩的成功人物。【详解】1.词汇积累不幸地：unfortunately—>unkickily然而：however—»nevertheless关注：payattentionto—*takenoticeof在我看来：inmyopinion—>inmyview2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：However,hewastotallycommittedtohiswork.拓展句:Althoughhewasill,hewasstilltotallycommittedtohiswork.【点睛】[高分句型1]ThesuccessfulpersoninmymindisZhangDingyu,whohasinHuencedmealol.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）[高分句型2]Inmyopinion,heisasuccessfulperson,becauseIcanseethetruemeaningofsuccessfromhim,whichistomakecommitmenttowhatyoudoandhelptomaketheworldabetterplacetolivein.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句、which引导的非限制性定语从句和what引导的宾语从句）第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1分，共15分）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Sixteenyearsago,Jasonwasacollegeprofessor11ahugesix-bedroomhouseandafortuneoftwomilliondollars.Afewyearsago.heknewmillionsofpeoplediedofhungereveryyear,andtherewereplaceswithnoschoolsandnoteachers.Thisworriedhimalotandhefeltguiltybeingarichmanwithout12(do)anything.Therefore,hegaveawayallhismoneytocharities.''Success13(notmeasure)byhowmuchmoneyyouhave14byhowyouunderstandthetruemeaningoflife.44saidJason.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。NaomiWatts,oneofHollywood'sgreatest15(star),wasborninEnglandon28lhSeptember,1968.Atsevenshe16(begin)tofollowhermotherandherbrotheraroundEnglanduntilin1982theysettledinAustralia17Naomipersuadedhermothertolethertakeactingclasses.Afterbitpartsincommercials,shelandedherfirstroleinForLoveAlone.LaterherpartinthefilmMulhollandDriveshowedherstrongactingabilityandearnedmuchrespect.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Yourpersonalityshapesyou.Personalityisthecharacteristicpatternsofthoughts,feelingsandbehaviorsthatmakeapersonunique.Understandingpersonalityallowsus18(predict)howpeoplewillrespondtocertainsituationsandwhattheypreferandvalue.Forexample,anoutgoingpersonmayjumpforjoywhenfacingnewexperiences,19ashypersonmayfeel20(embarrass)infrontofalargegroupofpeople.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALookingfbragoodbook?Wehavetheworld'slargestcollectionofexpertbookrecommendations.Thefollowingarebooks(hathavebeenrecommendedoverandoveragain,suggestingtheyaresomeofthemostimportantbookseverwritten.AtomicHabitsbyJamesClearAtomicHabits,publishedin2018,willreshapeChewayyouthinkaboutprogressandsuccess,andgiveyouthetoolsandstrategiesyouneedtotransformyourhabits.Ifyou'rehavingtroublechangingyourhabits,theproblemisyoursystem.Badhabitsrepeatthemselvesagainandagainbecauseyouhavethewrongsystemforchange.JaniesClearwillhelpyougetaprovensystemthatcantakeyoutonewheights.TheLoomingTowerbyLawrenceWrightTheLoomingTowerbyLawrenceWrightwaspublishedin2014.ThebookisthemostdetailedandthrillingaccountoftheeventsthatledtothedestructionoftheTwinTowers,basedonfiveyearsofresearchandhundredsofinterviews.AmmonitebyNicolaGriffithAmmonite,Griffith'sfirstsciencefiction,whichwaspublishedin1992,wontheLambdaAwardandtheJamesTiptreeJrAward.Ittellsusathrillingstory:AhumanexpeditiontotheplanetJeepisnearlywipedoutbyavinis(hatkillsall(hemenandmostofthewomen.Somecenturieslater,Margheissenttotestavaccineonthepeoplethere.Asshelivesandmovesamongthem,Marghefindsherselfchangedinunexpectedways.WaldenbyHenryDavidThoreauFirstpublishedin1854,WaldendetailsThoreau'sexperiencesoverthecourseoftwoyears,twomonths,and(wodaysinacabinhebuillnearWaldenPond,inwoodlandownedbyhisfriendRalphWaldoEmerson,nearConcord,Massachusetts.Thebookcompressesthetimeintoasinglecalendaryearandusespassagesoffourseasonstosymbolizehumandevelopment.WhowrotethebookaboutthedisasteroftheTwinTowers?A.JamesClear.B.LawrenceWright.C.NicolaGriffith.D.HenryDavidThoreau.Whichbookisthebestchoiceforthepeoplewholovesciencefictions?A.AtomicHabits.B.TheLoomingTower.C.Ammonite.D.Walden.Accordingtothepassage,thefourbooksareall.A.aboutthrillingstoriesB.recommendedbyexpertsC.newlypublishedbooksD.helpfulinshapingyourhabitsBIoncemetayoungwomanwhohaddreamsofswimmingfortheU.SOlympicteam.Shehadtogetupeverymorningat4a.m.toswimfor3hoursbeforegoingtoschool.ShedidnotpartywithherfriendsonSaturdaynight.Shehadtostudyandkeephergradesup,justlikeeveryoneelse.WhenIaskedherwhatcom—vllcdherwithsuchsuper-humanambitionandsacrifice(牺牲).Shesimplysaid.“IdoitfbrmyselfandthepeopleIlove,h'slovethatgetsmeoverthehurdlesandsacrifices.”Areasonorapurposeisacombinationof“wants”and"don'twants^^.Whenpeopleaskmewhatmyreasonfbrwantingtoberichis,itisacombinationofdeepemotional-wants"and"don'twants**.Iwilllistafew.Firstthe"don'twants”,fbrtheycreatethe“wants”.Idon'twanttoworkallmylife.1don'twantwhatmyparentsaspiredfbr,whichwasjobsecurityandabighouse.Idon'tlikebeinganemployee.Ihateditthatmydadalwaysmissedmyfootballgamesbecausehewassobusyworkingonhiscareer.1hateditwhenmydadworkedhardallhislifeandthegovernmenttookmostofwhatheworkedforathisdeath.Nowthe“wants”.IwanttobefreetotraveltheworldandliveinthelifestyleIlove.1wanttobeyoungwhenIdothis.Iwantcontrolovermytimeandmylife.Iwantmoneytoworkforme.Thosearemydeep-seatedemotionalreasons.Whatareyours?Iftheyarenorstrongenough,therealilyof」heroadaheadmaybegieater[hanyourreasons.Ihavelostmoneyandbeensetbackmanytimes,butitwasthedeepemotionalreasonsthatkeptmestandingupandgoingforward.Iwantedtobefreebyage40.butittookmeuntilIwas47withmanylearningexperiencesalongtheway.IwishIcouldsayitwaseasy.Itwasn't,butitwasn'thardeither.Butwithoutastrongreasonorpurposeanythinginlifeishard.Thepassageisstartedby.A.givinganexampleB.explainingthecausesC.pointingoutsimilaritiesD.describingthedifferencesTheunderlinedword“compelled“inPara.2probablymeans.A.committedB.inspiredC.forcedD.combinedWeknowfromthepassagethat.A.the"wants”leadtothe“don'twants”B.the“wants"comefromthe"don'twants^^C.the“don'twants”havelittletodowiththe"wants”D.the"don'twants“aremoreimportantthanthe“wants”WhatcanwclearnfromtheunderlinedsentenceinPara.6?Therealityisgreaterthanthedeepemotionalreasons.Withstrongeremotionalreasons,lifemustbemucheasier.Withdeeperemotionalreasons,theroadaheadislikely（obeharder.Inreality,wcmaymeetmanymoreobstacleswithoutdeeperemotionalreasons.CTheLinkbetweenFitnessandCareerSuccessIt'snomysterytosuccessfulpeoplethatthereisdirectlinkbetweensoundhealth&fitnessandsuccessintheircancerandpersonallives.Successfulpersonslikelyshowupat（hehealthclubconsistently,workwilhapersonaltrainer,orgetupafewminutesearlyforaheartelevatingjog.Successfulpeopleliketojumpstarttheirdaywithplentyofenergyandthefeel-goodendorphins（内啡肽）thatexerciseoffers.Recentstudiesprovethedirectlinkbetweenfitnessandsuccess.Bellerabilitytofocus,improvedconfidenceandenhancedabilitytofollowthroughweredirectlyattributedtoimprovedfitnesslevelsaccordingtoa2007UniversityofGeorgiastudy.Further,aleadingmanagersearchcompanysurveyedmorethan1,300managers.Whenaskedtodescribe（heirviewpointsofweightandwork,75%saidgoodphysicalfitnessis“criticalfbrcareersuccessatthemanagerleveL,,17%,bycontrast,saidstayinginshapeis“anicegoal,butsecondarytogoodfitness.”TheCEOofthatmanagersearchfirmsaid,“Goodphysicalfitnessiscriticaltosuccessasamanagerintoday'sworkworld."Whenaskedaboutobesity,75%ofmanagerssaidthatbeingoverweightisa“seriouscareerimpediment（妨碍）Dotheseresponsesreflectourobsessionwithweightlossandmirrortheconstantreportsofskinnyimagesinpopularculture?Probablynot.Rather,thereisaverystronglinkbetweenimprovedfitnessandincreasedproductivity,enhancedabilitytosolveproblems,superiorenergy,nottomentionreducedstressandtiredness,allleadingtobetterjobperformance.Itgoeswellbeyondlookinggood.Fitpeopletendtohavebeltereatinghabitsandmissfewerdaysatworkduetoahigherresistancetoillness.Andwithcompetitioncontinuallyincreasingineveryindustry,companiesarenowrewardingemployeesandmanagerswhomisslessworkandproducemore.AstudybyJimMcKenna,aBritishresearcher,showedthatafterexercisingparticipantsreturnedtoworkmoretolerantofthemselvesandmoreforgivingoftheircolleagues.Thestudyconcludedthat“workperformancewasconsistentlyhigher,timemanagementskillsimproved,asdidmentalsharpness.^^Allittakesisinvesting3-4sessionsaweek,30-45minuteseach,toexperiencethesebenefits.Combinestrengthtrainingandcardiovascular（心血管的）exercise,alongwithsoundnutritiontospeedupyourmentalsharpness,enhanceyourproductivity,improveyourmoodandbettermanagestress.Asyourfitnesslevelincreases,likelyyourpositionontheladderofsuccesswilltoo!SuccessfulpeoplearclikelytoA.havehigherresistancetoillnessB.getmoreenergyandendorphinsCloseweightmoreeasilyD.caremoreabouttheirfitnessWhatdocstheunderlinedword“obsession”inParagraph4mean?A.craze.B.training.C.goal.D.imagination.Accordingtothestudybythemanagersearchcompany,.（hereisadirectlinkbetweenfitnessandsuccessgcx）dphysicalfitnessiscriticalfbrcareersuccessmentalsharpness,productivityandmoodcanbeimprovedpeopletendtobemoretolerantandforgivingafterexercisingDSuccessandRiskinExtremeSportsWhatisitthatdrivessometotakeextremerisks,whiletherestofushunyforthesafetyofthesidelines?LesterKeller,sports-psychologyexpert,saysthatnoteveryonehasthementalmakeuptodowellinextremesports.Henotesthatmostofushitanaturalceilingthatlimitsourappetiteforextremeriskintrickyconditions.Butothershaveamuchhighertolerancefbrrisk.Kellerpointstoatopskiracer.HetoldKellerthat“thehighelementofriskmakesyoufeelalive,testswhatyouarcmadeofandhowfaryoucantakeyourself'.Hesaidhewouldgelnervousonsomeof（hecourses,butthatthiswouldjustmakehimfightmore.Psychologistsnotethatsomepeopleseemtohaveastrongdesirefbradrenaline（肾上腺素）rushesasabehaviorseekingexcitedfeelings.Likemanyextremeathletes,EmilyCook'sappetitetorriskappearedatayoungage.UIwasagymnast,Mshesaid."Iwasoneofthosekidswhoenjoyedanddidwellatanythingwhereyouwereupsidedown."Asshestarte