初中英语复习总教案

初三系列复习资料（1）名词考点集汇，讲解和训练一、名词【考点直击】可数名词和不可数名词的用法；名词所有格的构成及用法；近义名词的辨析。【名师点睛】一、名词的数1．单数和复数可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”构成，其主要变法如下：（1）一般情况在词尾加-s，例如：book→books，girl→girls，boy→boys，pen→pens,doctor→doctors,boy→boys。sxcsh-ebus→busesbox→boxes，watch→watches，brush→brushes。ce,se,ze,（d）ges，例如：orange—oranges。y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es,例如：city→cities,factory→factories,country→countriesfamily→families。但要注意的是以ysday→dayso结尾的词多数都加-es。例如:hero→heroes，potato→potatoes，但词末为两个元音字母的词只加-s。例如：zoo→zoos，radio→radios，还有某些外来词也只加-s，例如：photo→photos，piano→pianos。ffefv再加-esknife→kniveshalf→halve。s（es）s（es）的读音方法情 况 读法 例 在[p][t][k][f]等清辅音后 [s] cups,hats,cakes在[s][z][t][ ][F]等音

[iz]

glasses,pages,oranges,buses,watches,faces在[b][d][ ][v]等浊辅音后 [z] beds,dogs,cities,knives少数名词有不规则的复数形式，例如：man→men，woman→women，tooth→teeth，foot→feet，child→children，mouse→mice。【注意】与man和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也-men和-women。例如：anEnglishman，twoEnglishmen。但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germanman,woman等作定语时它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定如：men workers，womenteachers。有个别名词单复数一样，例如：Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish等。但当fish表示不同种类的鱼时，可以加复数词尾。单数形式但其意为复数的名词有：people,police等。数词+ten-minutes’walk,an8-year-oldgirl,aten-milewalk。还有些名词仅有复数形式，如：trousers，clothes，chopsticks，glasses，goods，ashes，scissors，compasses。科学名词：physics,mathematics/maths游戏名称：bowls专有名词：theUnitedStates,NiagaraFalls其他名词：news,falls2．不可数名词“量”在英语中，不可数名词如果要表示“量”的概念，可以用以下两种方法：much,alittle,alotof/lotsof,some,anyTherichmanhasalotofmoney．Thereissomemilkinthebottle．Isthereanywaterintheglass？Idon'tlikewinterbecausethere'stoomuchsnowandice．apieceof这类定语，例如：apieceofpaperapieceofwoodapieceofbreadabottleoforangeaglassofwater（milk）acupofteaacupofteaabagofricethreebagsofrice如果要表示“两杯茶”、“四张纸”这类概念时，在容器后加复数，例如：twocupsofteafourpiecesofthreeglassesofwateralotof,lotsof,some,any,much二、名词的所有格名词所有格，用来表示人或物的所有，以及领属关系。 's,s'student'sroom,students'rooms,father'sshoes。s的复数形式仍加's，如：Children'sDay。 例如：atwentyminutes'walk，tenmiles'journey，aboat'slength，twopounds'weight,tendollars'worth。 of结构，例如：amapofChina，theendofterm，thecapitalofourcountry,thecoloroftheflowers。双重所有格，例如：afriendofmyfather's。【注意】“分别有andMary's约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间andMary's行车）。“共有andMary's翰和玛丽共有一间）；TomandMary'smother（TomMary是兄妹）。【实例解析】1.（2004年上海徐汇区中考试题）These havesavedmanychildren’slives.A.womandoctors B.womendoctorC.womendoctors D.womandoctor答案：C。该题考查的是名词作定语时的变化。woman作定语时要和被修饰的名词保持数的一致。(2004年河北省中考试题)Thisis bedroom.Thetwinsisterslikeitverymuch.AnneandJane B.Anne’sandJane’sC.Anne’sandJane D.AnneandJane’s答案：D。该题考查的是并列名词的所有格。两人共有一个房间时，只在后面的名词后加’s。(2004年吉林省中考试题)Arethereany onthefarm?Yes,therearesome.horse B.duck C.chicken D.sheep答案：D。该题考查的是特殊名词的复数形式。从谓语动词来判断，主语应该是复数名词。只有sheep可用作复数名词。(2004年佛ft市中考试题)Whatwouldyouliketodrink, ororange?Orange,please.hamburger B.chip C.tea答案：C。该题考查的是名词的类别。三种东西中只有tea能喝。【中考演练】一.单项填空1．Wherehaveyoubeen,Tim?I’vebeento .A.theHenryhouse B.theHenryfamilyC.TheHenry’shome D.Henry’sInEngland,if isinthemiddleoftheday,theeveningmealiscalledsupper.food B.lunch C.breakfast D.dinnerYoulookedforittwice,butyouhaven’tfoundit.Whynottry .threetimes B.athirdtime C.thethirdtime D.4．Theyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem ?Certainly.A.somebottlesofwaters B.somebottlesofwaterC.somebottleofwater D.somebottleofwaters5．Mikehurtoneofhis intheaccidentyesterday.A.tooth B.feet C.hand D.ear6．Thereissome ontheA.cakes B.meat C.potato D.pears7．InEngland,thelastnameisthe A.familyname B.middle C.givenname D.full8．Thearegoingtofly toBeijing.A.Germen B.Germany C.Germanys D.9．The hastwo .A.boys;watches B.boy;watch C.boy;watches D.boys;watchThelittlebabyhastwo already.A.tooth B.tooths C.teeth D.teeths11．What’syour forbeinglateagain?A.idea B.key C.excuse D.news12．It’sdangeroushere.We’dbettergooutquickly.ButIthinkweshouldlet gooutfirst.A.womanandchildren B.womenandchildC.womanandchild D.womenandchildren13．YoucanseeMr.Smithifthereisasign“ ”onthedoorofhisshop.Thanks.A.ENTRANCE B.BUSINESSC.THISSIDEUP D.NOSMOKINGAretheygoingtohaveapicnicon ?A.Children’sDay B.Childrens’sDayC.ChildrensDay D.ChildrenDay15．Wherearethestudents?Aretheyin A.theRoom406 B.Room406 C.the406Room D.406Room二二.根据下列句子的情景及所给汉语注释，写出所缺单词。We’vegotalotofnew 杂志)inourschoollibrary.Pleaseturntoanother （频道）Idon’tlikethisshow.Yesterdaythe 航班)toLondonwasputoffbecauseofthebadweather..4.Autumnismyfavourite (季节)Howmany (小刀)doyouhave?Three. arewidelyusedinthemodernworld.June1stis 儿童)Day.Mary,wouldyoupleasetellmeyournew ( 地址)sothatIcanwriteyou.Doesthispieceof (音乐)soundnice?Yes.It’swonderful!May12thistheInternational 护士DayLet’ssayThankstothemfortheirwork.三.根据句意和所给首字母写出所缺的单词。“What’syourn “LiLei.”Howmanyd doesyourunclehave?Pleaseclosethew .It’scoldoutside.IfyouwantstudyEnglishwell,youmustpayattentiontoyourp .Acomputerisoneofthegreatesti intheworld.ZhangHuiisveryexcited.HewillgotoJapanwithhisp duringtheSpringFestival.Atthea ofseven,thelonelygirlhadtoworktomakeliving.It’sonlyaboutanh flightfromQingdaotoBeijingbyair.Healthismoreimportanttomethanm .Becareful!It’sd torunacrossthestreetnow.【练习答案】一．1.D2.B3.B4.B5.B6.B7.A8.D9.C10.C11.C12.D13.B14.A15.B二．1.magazines2.Channel3.flight 4.season 5.knives 6.Computers 7.Children’s 8.address 9.music10.Nurses’三．1.name2.daughters3.window 4.pronunciation 5.inventions 6.parents7.age8.hour’s9.money10.dangerous初三系列复习资料（2）形容词、副词考点集汇，讲解和训练二、形容词和副词【考点直击】形容词的用法；副词的用法；形容词和副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法；形容词和副词在句中的区别和位置。【名师点睛】形容词的用法形容词在句中作定语,表语,Ourcountryisabeautifulcountry.（作定语）Thefishwentbad. （作表语）Wekeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.（作宾语补足语） 形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代词时,放在名词后面。Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Isthereanythinginterestinginthefilm.用and或or连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。Everybody,manandwoman,oldandyoung,shouldattendthemeeting.Youcantakeanyboxaway,bigorsmall.the＋形容词表示一类人或物Therichshouldhelpthepoor.副词的用法 副词在句中可作状语,表语和定语Hestudiesveryhard. （作状语）Lifehereisfullofjoy. （作定语）Whenwillyoubeback?（作表语）副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类：时间副词时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。常见的时间副词有： nowtoday,tomorrow,yesterday,before,late,early,never,seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always等。例如：Heoftencomestoschoollate.Whatarewegoingtodotomorrow?HeisneverbeentoBeijing.地点副词here,inside,outside,home,upstairs,downstairs,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere,somewhere,down,up,off,on,in,out等。例如：Imetanoldfriendofmineonmywayhome.Hewentupstairs.Putdownyournamehere.方式副词方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的？”这类问题的，其中绝大部分都是由一个形容词加词尾-ly构成的,-ly,它们与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有：anxiously,badly,bravely,calmly,carefully,rapidly,suddenly,successfully,angrily,happily,slowly,warmly,well,fast,slow,quick,hard,alone,high,straight,wide等。例如：Theoldmanwalkedhomeslowly.Pleaselistentotheteachercarefully.Thebirdsareflyinghigh.Herunsveryfast.程度副词程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的程度副词有：much,(a)little,abit,very,so,too,enough,quite,rather,pretty,greatly,completely,nearly,almost,deeply,hardly,partly等。例如：Herpronunciationisverygood.Shesingsquitewell.Icanhardlyagreewithyou.where,why等。例如：Howareyougettingalongwithyourstudies?Wherewereyouyesterday?Whydidyoudothat?(2)副词在句中的位置例如：MrSmithworksveryhard.ShespeaksEnglishwell.be动词之后。例如：Heusuallygetsupearly.I’veneverheardhimsinging.Sheisseldomill.,但enough时，通常放在被修饰词的后面。例如：Itisaratherdifficultjob.Herunsveryfast.Hedidn’tworkhardenough.Onmywayhome,Imetmyuncle.Thestudentstherehavealottimetodotheirownresearchwork.(3)部分常用副词的用法very,much这两个副词都可表示“很Verymuch用来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。例如：SheisaverynicegirlI’mfeelingmuchbetternow.Much可以修饰动词，而very则不能。例如：Idon’tliketheideamuch.Theydidnottalkmuch.too,either这两个副词都表示“也”too用于肯定句，either例如：Shecandance,andIcandance,too.Ihaven’treadthebookandmybrotherhasn’teither.already,yetalready一般用于语肯定句，yet一般用于否定句。例如：Hehasalreadyleft.Haveyouheardfromhimyet?Hehasn’tansweredyet.so,neithersoneitherso表示肯定，neither例如：MybrotherlikesfootballandsodoI.Mybrotherdoesn’tlikedancingandneitherdoI.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级（不一定每一方只有一个人或一个事物级。Ourteacheristallerthanweare.Theboysinherclassaretallerthantheboysinyourclass.most同形容词连用而不用the,表示极,很,非常,十分。It'smostdangeroustobehere.在这儿太危险。"The+形容词比较级the+形容词比较级..."表示"越...就越..."。Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow."形容词比较级+and+形容词比较级",表示"越来越..."It'sgettinghotterandhotter.主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。Thisboxisasbigasmine.the+形容词表示某种人。Healwayshelpsthepoor.形容词和副词最高级用于三个或三个以上的人和物进行比较。ShanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.【实例解析】(2004年北京市中考试题)Whichis ,thesun,themoonortheearth?Ofcoursethemoonis.small B.smaller C.smallest D.thesmallestthe。所以D。(2004年上海徐汇区中考试题)Hehasmade progressthistermthanbefore.little B.less C.fewer D.much答案less,fewer。(2004年江西省中考试题)Whatdeliciouscakes!Theywouldtaste withbutter.good B.better C.bad D.worse答案：B“如果加上点黄油，这些蛋糕会更好吃。”这里就有一种比较：加黄油和不加黄油。既然C,Dbetter。(2004年河北省中考试题)Bobneverdoeshishomework Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.socarefulas B.ascarefullyas C.carefullyas D.ascarefulas“家庭作业”“notas+原级+as”。【中考演练】一.单项填空Therearemanyyoungtreeson sidesoftheroad.A.every B.each C.both D.2．It’ssocoldtoday.Yes,it’sthanitwasyesterday.A.morecoldB.morecolderC.muchcolderD.cold3．LittleTomhasfriends,soheoftenplaysalone.A.moreB.alittle C.manyD.few4．Sheisn’tsoatmathsasyouare.A.wellB.good C.betterD.bestPeterwrites ofthethree.A.better B.best C.good D.6．Heis enoughtocarrytheheavybox.A.stronger B.muchstronger C.strong D.thestrongestbought exercise-bookswith money.A.afew;afew B.afew;alittleC.alittle;afew D.alittle;a8．Theboxis heavyforthegirl carry.A.too;to B.to;too C.so;that D.no;to9．Theiceinthelakeisaboutonemeter .It’sstrongenoughtoskateon.A.long B.high C.thick D.wide10．WuLinran fasterthantheotherboysinthesportsA.so B.much C.very D.tooJonelooksso todaybecauseshehasgotan“A”inhermathstest.happy B.happily C.angry D.angrilyThesmileonmyfather’sfaceshowedthathewas withme.sad B.pleased C.angry D.sorryMum,couldyoubuymeadresslikethis?Certainly,wecanbuy onethanthis,but this.abetter;betterthan B.aworse;asgoodasC.acheaper;asgoodas D.amoreimportant;goodasThisdigitalcameraisreallycheap!The thebetter.I’mshortofmoney,yousee.cheap B.cheaper C.expensive D.moreexpensiveIfyouwanttolearnEnglishwell,youmustuseitas aspossible.often B.long C.hard D.soonPaulhas friendsexceptme,andsometimeshefeelslonely.many B.some C.few D.moreEnglishpeople useMr.Beforeaman’sfirstname.never B.usually C.often D.sometimesOnemoresatellitewassentupintospaceinChinainMay.Right.Thegovernmentspoke that.highlyfor B.highofC.wellof D.highlyofRememberthis,children. carefulyouare, mistakesyoumake.Weknow,MissGao.Themore;themore B.Thefewer;themoreC.Themore;thefewer D.Theless;thelessIhave todotoday.anythingimportant B.somethingimportantC.importantnothing D.importantsomething二.用所给单词的适当形式填空Mypursewasstolenonthebusyesterday. (Fortunate),therewasnomoneyinit.Mobilephonesare (wide)usedinmostofthecitiesinChina.Heputonhiscoatandwentout (quick).Sheis (good)thanLiPingatswimming.AlotChinesepeopleare (pride)ofYaoMing,afamousbasketballstarNBA.Tooursurprise,hesuddenlyreturnedonacold (snow)night.Allieaskedme (polite)toputthethingsaway.It’ssnowinghard.Youmustdrive (careful).Theearthweliveonis (big)thanthemoon.Hainanisaverylargeisland.It’sthesecond (large)islandinChina.三.用适当的形容词或副词填空(首字母已给出)Alargenumberofmouthsmustbefedinthoselessd countries.ThateveningBeethovenplayedthemusicforthegirlaswellasu .Hawaiiisf itsbeautifulbeaches. Heoftentakesana partinthesportsmeetingandhecangetveryresultseachtime.Theperformancewassow thateveryonegavealongandloudapplause(鼓掌).JiefangRoadistheb streetinourcity.Shelaya forhoursthinkingoverherbusiness.Ilikeballgamesverymuch,butmyf sportisplayingbasketball.Theboyistool .Hedoesn’twanttodoanything.Thedictionaryisveryu .Itwillhelpyoualot.【练习答案】一.1.C2.C3.D4.B5.B6.C7.B8.A9.C10.B11.A12.B13.C14.B16.C17.A18.D19.C20.B二.1.Fud6.snowy7.politely8.carefully9.bigger10.largest三.1.developed2.usual3.famous4.active5.wonderful6.busiest7.awake8.favourite 9.lazy10.useful初三系列复习资料（3）动词考点集汇、讲解和训练三、动词【考点直击】动词的八种时态的构成及用法；动词被动语态的构成及用法；非谓语动词的构成及用法；近义动词的用法区别。【名师点睛】动词的时态英语时态用共有十六种时态，其中常用的有8种，它们是：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时。一般现在时的基本用法经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用时间状语：every…,sometimes, at…,onSundayIleavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.表示格言或警句中。Pridegoesbeforeafall.【注意】此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbusprovedthattheearthisround..现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。Idon'twantsomuch.某些动词如come,go,move,stop,leave,arrive,be,finish,continue,start等，在一般现在时句中可用来表示将来肯定会发生的动作。Thetraincomesat3o'clock.在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，一般现在时代替一般将来时。I'llhelpyouassoonasyouhaveproblem.TellXiaoLiaboutitifyoumeethim.一般过去时的用法：,如yesterday,thedaybeforelast,lasttwodaysago等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。Iworkedinthatfactorylastyear.【注意】过去经常反复发生的动作，也可用usedto或would例如：IusedtogofishingonSundays.“usedtoThisriverusedtobeclean.一般将来时的用法表示将来的动作或状态。例如：Ishallattendthemeetingtomorrow.HewillgotoseehismothereverySaturdays.will是第一人称时，常用shall。Iwilldomybesttocatchupwiththem.ShallIopenthedoor?4）be+going+动词不定式。也是一种将来时句型，表示打算，计划，最近或将来要作的某事。IamgoingtoBeijingnextweek.5）be+动词不定式。表示有职责，义务，可能，约定，意图等。Thereistobeameetingthisafternoon.Wearetomeettheguestsatthestation.6）beabout+动词不定式，表示马上，很快作某事。Theyareabouttoleave.现在进行时的用法现在进行时的用法表示说话者说话时正在发生或者进行的动作，它注重Whatareyoudoingnow?Iamlookingformykey.（但说话时这个动作不一定在进行）。Thestudentsarepreparingfortheexamination.某些动词的现在进行时可以表示即将发生的动作，这些动词有come,leave,start等。TheyaregoingtoHongKongtomorrow.【注意】有些动词一般不可以用于进行时态①表示状态的动词，尤其是静态动词，如：be,have②表示认识、知觉和情感的动词，如：know,think,hear,find,see,like,want,wish,prefer等。现在完成时的用法现在完成时表示在说话之前已经完成或刚完成的动作。Ihaveboughtaten-speedbicycle.Theyhavecleanedtheclassroom.作或状态。现在完成时常与for和since引导的短语或从句连用。Wehavelivedheresince1976.Theyhavewaitedformorethantwohours.【注意】一般过去时与现在完成时的区别常与具体的时间状语连用。试比较：Isawthisfilmyesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了，不涉及现在）Ihaveseenthisfilm. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）过去进行时的用法表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。例如：IwaswatchingTVwhenshecametoseeme.【注意】表示单纯的过去事实，例如：Theywerebuildingahouselastmonth.（上个月正在建造，建造好与否不知）Theybuiltanewhouselastmonth.（上个月建造好了，动作已经完成）过去完成时的用法by,before等词组成的短语和从句连用。Wehadalreadylearnedtwothousandswordsbytheendoflastyear.Whenwearrivedatthestation,theyhadwaitedformorethantwentyminutes.过去将来时的用法时较多地被运用在宾语从句中。例如：Theyweregoingtohaveameeting.ItoldhimthatIwouldseehimoffatthestation.动词的语态语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。被动语态被动语态最基本的句型结构是：be及物动词过去分词被动语态中的谓语动词一定要是及物动词lookafter,of,takecareof,workout,laughat等，也可用于被动语态。Thechildrenweretakengoodcareofbyher.【注意】短语动词中的介词或副词变成被动语态时不可遗漏。主动语态变为被动语态要加“to”的情况若宾语补足语是不带to的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加"to"hear,help,listento,lookmake,observe,see,notice,watch等。例如：Theteachermademegooutoftheclassroom.Iwasmadetogooutoftheclassroom(bytheteacher).主动形式表示被动意义如wash,clean,look,cut,sell,read,wear,feel,draw,write,sell等动词虽然用做主动形式却表示被动的意义。例如：Thefoodtastesgood.非谓语动词对非谓语动词的考点是：感官动词后不定式作宾语补足语和动词ing形式作to被动语态时就要带ing非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词，形容词或副词作用的动词形式，而不是作谓语的动词形式。动词的非谓语形式分为动名词，分词，动词不定式。不定式作宾语补足语Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.不定式作目的状语Heransofastastocatchthefirstbus.用不定式和分词作补足语都可以的动词这样的动词有感官动词如：see,hear,look,notice,observe,feel役动词如：have,make,leave,keep,get等。接不定式表示动作的完整性，真实性；+doing表示动作的连续性，进行性。Isawhimworkinthegardenyesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实)Isawhimworkinginthegardenyesterday.（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作）昨天我见他正在花园里干活。用不带to不定式的情况使役动词如：let,have,make等和感官动词如：see,watch,hear,to,smell,feel,find等后作宾补，省略to。在被动语态中则to不能省掉。接动名词与不定式意义不同stoptodo 停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事。stopdoing 停止做某事。forgettodo 忘记要去做某事。(未做)forgetdoing 忘记做过某事。 (已做remembertodo记得去做某事 (未做rememberdoing 记得做过某事 (已做)trytodo 努力，企图做某事。trydoing 试验，试着做某事。goontodo 做了一件事后，接着做另一件事。goondoing 继续做原来做的事。meantodo 打算、想meandoing 意味着容易混淆的常用动词的辨析say,speak,talk,tell的用法。sayHesaidhewouldgothere.It'stimetoleave.Wehavetosaygoodbyetoyou.speak后面跟上各种语言作为宾语。DoyouspeakEnglish?MayIspeaktoMrPope,please?talkto,about,with宾语。Whatareyoutalkingabout?MrJacksonistalkingwithmyfatherintheofficenow.tell表示“告诉，讲述”是及物动词，可以带双宾语或复合宾语。Shetoldusaninterestingstoryyesterday.MyteachertoldmethatwewouldhaveanEnglishexamthenextmonth.look,see,watchwatch的用法。lookatLook!Thegirlisswimminginthelake.Lookatthepicturecarefully.Canyoufindsomethingunusual?seeTheycan'tseethewordsontheblackboard.DoesLilyoftengotoseeafilmonSunday?watchThetwinsarewatchingTVnow.Hewillgotowatchavolleyballmatch.4）readDon'treadinthesun.IliketoreadnewspaperswhenIamfree.borrow,lendkeep的区别。borrowfrom间即能完成的动作。Meimeiborrowedabookfromthelibraryjustnow.MayIborrowyourdictionary?lend是“借出”之意，常常与to连用，同borrow一样，是非延续性动词，只表示瞬间即能完成的动作。UncleWanyhaslenthiscartoMrLi.Couldyoulendusyourradio,please?keep是“保存”的意思，动作可以延续。Howlongcantherecorderbekept?Thefarmerkeptthepatfortwoweeks.bring,take,carryget的用法。bringBringmethebook,please.MayIbringJimtoseeyounextSaturday?take到”某处之意。Itlookslikerain.Takearaincoatwithyou.Mothertookthelittlegirltothenextroom.carry是“带着、搬运、携带”的意思，指随身携带，有背着、扛着、抱着、提着的含义，不表明来去的方向。Doyoualwayscarryahandbag?Theboxisheavy.Canyoucarryit?get是去某处将某物拿回来。Pleasegotomyofficetogetsomechalk.Thereisnowaterinthebottle.Whynotgetsome?wear,putondress的区别wear戴手套、佩戴首饰等，强调“穿着”的状态。Tomalwayswearsblackshoes.Hewearsaraincoatevenwhenitisfine.Shedoesn'tliketoweararedflowersinherhair.puton着重于穿戴的动作。It'scold.You'dbetterputonyourcoat.Heputonhishatandwentoutoftheroom.dress动词用时，它的宾语是人，不是衣服。dresssb.（给某人穿衣服，而wear作“穿着”用时，也是及物动词，但它的宾语是物，不是人，即wearsth.（穿着衣物。Shealwaysdresseswell.Getupanddressquickly.Maryisdressingherchild.take,spenduse的用法。taketakes/took/willtake+sb.time+todosth.Ittookmethreedaystofinishthework.Itwilltakeyouawhileweektotravelthoughttheforest.IttakesonlyonehourtoflytoShanghai.spend指某人在某事（物）上花费时间或钱。句型是：Someonespends+money/time+onsomething(in)doingsth.Shespentmorethan500yuanonthatcoat.Hedidn'tspendmuchtimeonhislessons.Hespentmuchtime(in)correctingstudents'exercises.Motherspentherevenings(in)washingclothes.use表示使用工具、手段等。Doyouknowhowtousethecomputer?Shallweuseyourcar?reach,getarrive的区别。reachAfterthetrainhadleft,theyreachedthestationWereachedthetopofthemountainatlast.gettoto，getto常用于口语中。Whenthestudentsgottothecinema,thefilmhadbegun.Mysisterwascookingwhenmothergothome.arrive是不及物动词，表示到达一个小地方时，用arriveat,到达一个大地方时用arrivein。ThesoldiersarrivedatasmallvillageTheforeignerswillarriveinShanghaitomorrow.【实例解析】(2004年北京海淀区中考试题）minterestedinanimals,soI everySaturdayworkinginanhospital.pay B.get C.take D.spendpay,get,takespendspend“spend…dingsth.”D。(2004年安徽省中考试题)ListenHelenissinginginthenextroom.It beHelen.ShehasgonetoBeijing.can’t B.mustn’t C.may D.should答案：A。该题考查的是情态动词的用法。表示否定地推测通常用can’t。(2004年江西省南昌市中考试题)Icalledyouyesterdayevening,buttherewasnoanswer.Oh,IamsorryI dinneratmyhouse.have B.had C.washaving D.havehad答案：C。该题考查的是动词的时态。他们谈论的是昨天晚上某一时刻发生的事情，所以用过去进行时。(2004年哈尔滨市中考试题)Howlonghaveyou themoteobike?Forabouttwoweeks.bought B.had C.borrowed D.lent中只有had是延续性动词，它的现在完成时可以同表示一段时间的时间状语连用。【中考演练】一.单项填空Listen!Someofthegirls aboutHarryPotter.jointhem.aretalking B.talkC.willtalk D.talkedOurteacher,MissChen, Englishontheradiothedayboreyesterday.teaches B.taughtC.willteach D.hadtaughtIthinkI youinthatdressbefore.haveseen B.wasseeingC.saw D.seeSusanparentshaveboughtalargehousewithaswimmingpool. It veryexpensive.must B.can C.mustn’t D.Coffeeisready.Howniceit !Wouldyoulikesome?looks B.smells C.sounds D.feels“Mr.Zhu,better toomuchmeat.Youarealreadyoverthedoctor.nottoeat B.toeat C.noteat D.eatalwaysmakeMichael thisorthat.Heisalreadyabigboy,dear,”Mr.Bushsaidtohiswife.do B.todo C.does D.didSorry,Ihearyouclearly.Willyouplease yourE-mailaddress?writeitdown.review B.recite C.report D.repeatDon’t yourcoat,Tom!easytocatchcoldinspring.takeaway B.takeoff C.takedown D.takeoutYou goandaskMeimei.She knowtheanswer.must;can B.must;may C.need;can D.can;maysorryyou’vemissedthetrain.It 10minutesago.left B.hasleft C.hadleft D.hasbeenleftIboughtanewdictionaryandit me30yuan.paid B.spent C.took D.costMum,mayIgooutandplaybasketball? you yourhomeworkyet?Do;finish B.Are;finishing C.Did;finishing D.Have;finishedIhavetogonow.Pleaserememberto thelightswhenyouleave.turnoff B.turndown C.turnup D.turnonAtalkonChinesehistory intheschoolnextweek.begiven B.hasbeengiven C.willbegiven D.willgiveLook!Howheavytherainis!better .don’tgonow B.stayherewhenitstopsC.notleaveuntilitstops D.nottoleaveatonceYoumaygofishingifyourwork .isdone B.willbedone C.hasdone D.havedoneCotton niceandsoft.isfelt B.isfeeling C.feel D.feelsWhocleanedtheblackboardyesterday,Dick?John .cleaned B.does C.did D.isLindahadnothingforbreakfastthismorning, ?No.Shegotuptoolate.hadshe B.hadn’tshe C.didshe D.didn’tshe二.阅读短文，并用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。AMynameisWangBing.fromChina.NowI 1 (study)atthisschool.I 2 (arrive)hereonJanuary8.Sincethen,I 3 (make)alotoffriends.AtschoolwespeakEnglishallthetime.Nextweek,somenewstudentsfromAfrica,AsiaandLatinAmerica 4 (come)toourschool.I’mverygladtoknowbecauseIenjoy 5 (meet)peoplefromothercountries.1.study/amstudying2.arrived3.havemade4.willcome5.meetingBSince1946,oneofthemostimportant inventionshasbeenthecomputer. Itbeenchangingallourlives.Thefirstcomputer 1 (build)in1946.It 2 (be)aslargeasaroomandverydifficultandslow 3 (use).Butsincetheinventionofsiliconchi（硅片computers 4 (become)smaller,easierandfastertoSomecomputers 5 (be)assmallasTVsets.Somecaneven 6 (make)smallerthanabook.Andcomputers 7 (get)smallerandsmallerallthetime.Whoknowswhatthecomputersoftomorrow 8 (be)like?There 9 (be)severalreasonswhythecomputerisusefultous.First,alotofinformationcan 10 (put)intocomputer.Second,thecomputerworksquicklythousandsoftimesfasterthanamananditwillnotbetired.Third,moderncomputerscanbebuiltintootherkindsofmachines,likeradios,carsandplanes.Sotodaypeoplecanspendlesstimedoingmoreworkwithacomputer.三.用所给动词的适当形式填空Nomatterwhattheweatherislike,youcanalwaysfindsurfersout (ride)thewaves.Whatdoyouusethekeyfor?Itis (use)formakingtherobotwork.Nonews (be)goodnews.I’msureJaneisstillallright.Areyoufeelingbetterthesedays?Yes,muchbetter.I aswellasthesedaysforalongtime.It (rain)heavily,betternotgooutnow.ThecityofXian (become)cleanerandcleaner.Theboysenjoy (see)fightfilmsverymuch.Helefttheroomwithout (say)goodbye.Rice (grow)inthesouthofChina.Manytrees (plant)inourschoolyardtheseyears.四.用方框中所给的动词或动词词组的适当形式填入下列句子里，使其意思通顺，每个动词或动词词组只能用一次Allow,fall,notbe,phone,receive,show,sendfor,payfor,beusedfor,turnitoff,keeponAllow,fall,notbe,phone,receive,show,sendfor,payfor,beusedfor,turnitoff,keeponItratherhottoday,buttheweatherreportsaysthetemperature totomorrow.“Remember,nobody toeatordrinkinthecomputerroom,”theassistantsaidtothenewstudents.Hi,Mike!I yourinvitation.Teontime.ThistimeyesterdayI theforeignersaroundtheancientchurch.Myunclephonedthebookingofficeoftheairline,andhewastoldthere anyflightstoSingaporeinthefollowingthreedaysbecauseofthebadweather.Don’tloseheartand trying.Don’twatchtoolate.Please andgotobedrightnow.Computersareuseful.Theycan sendingE-mail.Ifyou’velostthisbook,youhaveto it.Bothofhisfeetwerehurtintheaccident. adoctor,please.【练习答案】一.1.A2.B3.A4.A5.B6.C7.A8.D9.B10.D11.A12.D13.D14.A15.C16.C17.A18.D19.C20.C二.1.wasbuilt2.was3.touse4.havebecome5.are6.bemade7.aregetting8.willbe9.are10.beput三.1.riding2.used3.is4.havenotfelt5.israining6.isbecoming7.seeing8.sayig9.isgrown10.havebeenplanted四.1.willfall2.isallowed3.havereceived4.wasshowing5.wouldnotbe6.keepon7.turnitoff8.beusedfor9.payfor10.Sendfor初三系列复习资料（4）数词、冠词考点集汇，讲解和训练四、冠词和数词【考点直击】aan的用法the的用法零冠词基数词的用法序数词的用法【名师点睛】一.冠词的用法冠词是虚词，放在名词之前，用来说明名词指的人或事物。冠词有两种。A(an)叫不定冠词，the叫定冠词。A用在辅音之前，an用在元音之前。不定冠词的用法aanJohnisastudent.MaryisanEnglishteacher.指某一类人或事物中的任何一个。例如Asteelworkermakessteel.Passmeanapple,please.指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或和物。例如：Astudentwantstoseeyou.Agirliswaitingforyououtside.表示“每一”everyTakethemedicinethreetimesaday.Theygotoseetheirparentsonceaweek.定冠词用法 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。例如：ThebookonthedeskisanEnglishdictionary.BeijingisthecapitalofChina.指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或事物。例如：Openthedoor,please.Jackisinthelibrary.上文提到过的人或事物。例如：YesterdayJohn’sfatherboughthimanewbike.Thebikecosthim200yuan.表示世界上独一无二的事物。例如：Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest. ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina.Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.用在某些形容词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如：Thenurseiskindtothesick.Weshouldtakegoodcareoftheold.用在某些专有名词之前和某些习惯用语中。例如：theGreatWall,theSummerpalace,inthemorning,intheopen