月语法功能-课件1第1节讲义

第一节句子成简单并列复杂状语从名词性从一：句子成1谓gogo排除法：只要一句话里的动词满足下面这3种情况中任意一种，那这个动词就不是动词前面有个 to动词加了ing且前边没有be动词studentsstudyingat动词过去分词，翻译成，且前边没有be动词animalskilledbyThe ernmentwantstofindnewwaystotacklethisSeeingsomething allowsustonoticeHistorywrittenbywinnerscontainsUnemploymenthascausedmanypeopletomovetoothercountriesinsearchofbetterWearewearingthesameclothesmadeby系动第一类是1）翻译成“是”的be动词（amareiswas另一类是2）表变化的系动词，例 翻译成“是”的be动SheisaHowtouseitslimitedresourcesisadilemmafacedbyall对比：Wearewearingthesame表变化的系动主要想描述主语变成了什么样，通常包 e,grow,turn,get等Oursociety esmulticultural.Hegotbaldinhistwenties.TheweatherturnsTheskiesgrow对比Wheredidyougetthat表定义：就是通常紧挨着系动词之后，用来说明主语的成SheisaTheweatherturns定定义:修饰名词的成分叫定语socialmediathegapbetweenrichand通常由名词容词词短语充当使用原则：“前短后长，就近原则前短:当定语很短，只是一个单词，通常放在被修饰名词的前后长:当定语较长，是一个词组，短语时，通常放在被修饰词的后边Importantthingslikethewidegapbetweentherichandthe错误英文Fruitsprovidepeoplewithessentialnutrientslikepeach,pineapple正确答案Fruitslikepeachandpineappleprovidepeoplewithessentialnutrients状定义：通常修饰动词，句子，形容词，副词的成分叫状work purchasethingswiththeclickofaInmodernsociety,fashionis ingmorehighlyvalued.Climbingisphysicallydemanding.Sheswimsextremely通常由副词，介词短语来充介词短语既可以作定语，又可以作状错误英文: ligentstudentsshouldnotbetreateddifferentbytheir正确答案: ligentstudentsshouldnotbetreateddifferentlybytheir分析成分PeoplereceivednewsupdatesbylisteningtotheradioandreadingNowadaysinmostmarriages,bothmenandwomenworkinordertopaythe二：简单简单句介定义：只有一套主谓结构的句BysimplyenteringanInternetwebsite,youcanplaceanorderforalmostanythingfromcheesecakestofullyequippeddesktopcomputers.Iamaboy,andsheisa列复杂复杂句定7种并列连词介连词和谓语的个数关复杂句定1）由两套及以上的简单句组Iamaboy,andsheisaPopmusicisacommercialproductthatissoldbybusiness复杂句分两类：并列复杂句和从并列复杂句由并列连词连接和从句由从属连词连并列连词以用来连接词，短语，句子。从属连词：只能用来连接从句Iamaboy,andsheisaAllpeoplebuttherichestaresensitivetoSomepeoplethinkthatyoungpeopleshouldfollow连词讲课“线索”把整个复杂句串联起：7种并列连并列连词又叫Fanboys连词分别是forand,norbutoryet,soFanboys7个词的首字母缩略Hefounditmoredifficulttoread,forhiseyesightwasbeginningtoSitdown lmeallaboutImissedsupper,andIamNor（不讲1用于neither两个都NeithermybrothernorIwasavailable用于否定句后，引出另一否定句表：也Idonotknowwhyhecries,nordoIwanttoanexpensivebutusefulIt’sanoldcar,butit’sveryGrapesareusuallyeithergreenorYoucangoouttothecinema,oryoucanjuststayatastrangeyettrueJokerisacriminal,yetmanypeopleadmireImovedtoanewcity,soIgotanew其中forso较为特殊后边只能接句子其余五个连词，既可以用来连接词也可以用来连接句如果一个句子中有N个谓语时，那需要恰好出现N-1个连词去连接这N个谓1个简单1个谓语动需要0个连词连2个简单2个谓语动需要1个连词连3个简单3个谓语动需要2个连词连Thesportseventisagreatsuccessandgivesagoodimpression,butitwastes备注：逗号”不可以连接谓语，也不可以连接句子判断正误Whenpeoplearefearfulofpunishment,theywillcomplywithlaws,therateofcrimeswillfalldown.When ernmentpumpsmoneyinart.Thiswillmakepublicresources ernmentpumpsmoneyinart,thiswillmakepublicresources四：复杂句:状语从1）语从句的定IwillgototheshopinanIwillgototheshopwhenIfinishmy延伸内容：一句话充当什么成分，这句话就叫什么从Historythatiswrittenbywinnerscontainsbias.Thefactisthatyouareright.2)状语从句的类型和连精简版表时间的when,afterbefore,since自从表原因的as,表目的的so inorder表结果的so...that,such...that,so表条件的if表让步的although,while,evenWhentherearehundredsofapplicantschasingavacancy,arecognizedqualificationisaneasywayforemployerstomakethechoice.原因状语从句：becauseAsthelivesofallcreaturesshouldberespected,wehavenorighttosubjectanimalstothiskindoftrauma.Becausemostcriminalseventuallyareletoutofprison,ourfocusshouldbeonmakingthembettercitizens,andweneedtotreatcriminalsaspatientsandtogivethemthemedicine:educationandtraining.目的状语从句:sothat(目的是 inorderLaboratorymiceareusuallygivenanillnesssothattheeffectivenessofanewdrugcanbe结果状语从句so...that, Theeruptionwassofiercethatthedustdarkenedthesky,cancelingthefollowingsummerinEuropeandNorthAmerica.Childrenaresurroundedbytoomanytemptingobjectssothattheyarenotabletofocusonanyonegameforadecentlengthoftime.条件状语从句ifIfparentscouldraisetheirchildrentobeconsiderateofothers,thewholecommunitywouldOncegraduatesfindjobs,theywillhaveabetterchanceofkeetheirjobs,earningmoreinthefuture,andthushavingamorereasonablequalityoflife.:Whileanimalexperimentsmightbemorallywrong,itisanecessaryevil,andIwouldhavetosupportalimitedamountforthedevelopmentofmedicines.Althoughwemayappearnottorelyononeanotheronthesurface,weareheavilydependingonthetechnologiesandskillsthatothershaveperfectedonadeeperlevel.小结词是判断一句话状语从句及其类型的重要依据据连词的出现频率，我们时间 HarrywenthomeafterthemovieIwatchedmymotherasshepreparedIstoppedrunningwhenIsawmyDidsheleaveamessagebeforeshesince自Tomhasn'tphonedsinceshewenttotill直到…为Ihadn'tlefthometillIwasLet'swaituntiltherainwhile当...的时Hewashedthedisheswhilehisgirlfriendvacuumedtheassoonas一...Weshouldgoassoonasyouarethemoment 一...Themomenthesaidit,Istartedtofeel 一...NosoonerhadIgottothebusstopthanthebushardly…when一...HardlyhadIgottothebusstopwhenthebusimmedia 一...Immediayshe'dgone,Irememberedher 一...IwenthomedirectlyIhadfinished 一...Thedecisionhadtakenabout10secondsoncehe'dreadamarketresearchstudy.everytime每一Everytimeyourunasearch,youmakeitsbrainalittlemorepowerful.theday,theyear,thehour,theminute,thesecond,theThedayhereturnedhome,hisfatherwasalreadyHeleftEuropetheyearWorldWarⅡbrokeIwanttoseehertheminutethatshe地点Wherethereisawill,thereisaWemetkindpeopleeverywherewe原因常见连例IlistentoclassicalmusicbecauseitsoundsSincenoonewasready,IsatdownandturnedontheAsitwassosunny,hewalkedtothe不常见连nowthat既Nowthateveryoneishere,let'sbegintheinthat因Ilistentoclassicalmusicinthatitsoundsconsideringthat)考虑Consideringhe'sonlyjuststarted,heknowsquitealotaboutit.giventhat考虑Itwassurprisingtheernmentwasre-elected,giventhattheyhadraisedtaxessomuch.onthegroundsTheisreleasedonthegroundsthatthereisenough条件常见连例IonlywatchTVifmyfavoriteshowisonce一Onceyoubegin,youmustunless除Hewon’tgotouniversityunlesshestudiesvery不常见连as/solongYoucanborrowthecarsolongasyoudon’tdrivetooproviding/providedYoucanplaythegameprovidedthatyoufollowtheSupposing(that)youarewrong,whatwillyoudoonconditionWewon'tkickyououtofthehouseonconditionyougettreatmentforyouraddiction.方式常见连例asMandylookedasifshehadseenajustTheroomwasdecoratedjustashehadHeactslikeitisathewayYoutalkatmethewayateachertalkstoanaughty让步/对比常见连例evenEventhoughIwasfull,Icouldn’tstopAlthoughitrained,theyenjoyedtheirEverythingItoldthemwascorrect,thoughIforgotafewwhile即Whilehewasalmostcryingfromthepain,Harrydecidedtofinishtherace.但是（表对比Iliketravelingbyplane,while/whereasmyhusband不常见连nomatterNomatterwhathesays,don’ttrustI’llfindher,nomatterwhereshe’sNomatterwhodoesit,thisreporthasgottobefinishedandonmydeskbytheendoftheweek.Howeverweadopthealthcarereform,itisn'tgoingtosavemajoramountsofmoney.Whoeveryouvotefor,priceswillgoonrising.Comewheneveryoulike.as引导让步状从Happyastheywere,therewassomethingMuchasIrespecthim,Ican’tagreetohis thefactDespitethefactthatthesunhasbeenshiningallday,thesnowhasnotyetmelted.inspiteofthefactInspiteofthefactthattheeconomyhasgoneintorecession,ourcompanyissurviving.结果常见连例so+形容词/副词IwaswaitingsolongthatIendedupfallingsuch+名词Ninaissuchagenerousthatshe’softenshortofsoChildrenaresurroundedbytoomanytoyssothattheyarenotabletofocusonanyonegameforalongtime.不常见连ItdidnottranslatesalestotheextentthatthemanufacturershadtosuchadegreetosuchanextentIthasincreasedtosuchanextentthatGhanacannowexportmaize.目的常见连例soPutitjusttheresothatitholdsthedoorinorderThedoctorsdidextensiveresearchinorderthattheycanfindthecureforthatdisease.不常见连incaseLeaveabitforBeckyincaseshe’shungrywhenshegetsforfearthatTakeanumbrellaforfearthatitshouldlestIwasafraidtoopenthedoorlestheshouldfollowinthehopeManypeoplemovetoothercountriesinthehopethattheycanfindabetterjob.onpurposeTheteacherraisedhisvoiceonpurposethatthestudentsinthebackcouldhearmoreclearly.五：复杂 名词性从名词性从句的本名词性从句中连词的特如何迅速判断出各种名词性从宾语从IdonotknowthathewillIdonotknowwhetherhewillcry.Idonotknowwhyhecries.主语从句ThattheearthisroundhasbeenknownforWhethertheearthisroundhasbeenknownforyears.Whytheearthisroundhasbeenknownforyears.表语从MyideaisthatpeoplewillliveonthemoonMyquestioniswhetherpeoplewillliveonthemoonsomeday.Myquestioniswhenpeoplewillliveonthe