初中英语中考复习 广州卷B-2022年中考英语模拟考场仿真演练卷（全解全析）

年中考英语模拟考场仿真演练卷（广州卷B）英语·全解全析（考试时间：100分钟；满分：90分）注意事项:1.本试卷共四大题，满分90分,考试时间100分。2.本测试卷采用答题卡作答,请将你的答案写在答题卡上,答在试题或稿纸上作废。选择题使用2B铅笔填涂答案,其他题使用蓝黑钢笔或圆珠笔作答。一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。IknowalittlegirlcalledLucy.Iusedtowatchherplaybasketballeverydayfrommykitchenwindow.OnedayIaskedherwhyshepracticedsomuch.Shesaid:“Iwouldliketogotocollege.Theonlywayis_______ascholarship.IlikebasketballandIwanttobethe_______playerinthecollege._______mydadtoldmeifthereisawill,thereisaway.”Sheneverchangedhermindtobeabasketballplayer.Iwatchedherthroughthosejuniorhighyearsandintoseniorhighschool.Onedaybeforeshegraduated_______highschool,Isawhersittingonthegrass_______.Iaskedher_______waswrong.Herewasthestory.Hercoachsaidshewas_______ashortgirlthatshecouldn’tbeagoodbasketballplayerandsheshouldstop_______aboutgoingtocollege.Shewasheartbrokenand_______alsomademefeelsad.However,afterawhile,shesmiledand__________meherfatherthoughtthecoachwaswrong.Hedidnotunderstandthepowerofdream.Herfathersaidtoher:“Ifyoureallywanttoplayforthescholarshipof__________goodcollege,nothingbutyouyourself__________stopyourdream.”Thenextyear,sheandherteamjoinedinabiggame.She__________byacoachofafamouscollegeteamandwasofferedascholarshiptothe__________basketballteamoftheircollege.Shewasabouttogetthecollegeeducation__________shehaddreamedofandworkedtowardsforallthoseyears.“Ifyourdreamisbigenough,thefactsdon’tcount.”Itistrue.1．A．toget B．get C．got D．gets2．A．better B．good C．well D．best3．A．So B．And C．But D．Or4．A．in B．to C．from D．at5．A．sad B．sadly C．sadness D．sadder6．A．what B．that C．why D．how7．A．too B．such C．so D．very8．A．dream B．todream C．dreams D．dreaming9．A．it B．its C．it’s D．itself10．A．tell B．tells C．hadtold D．told11．A．a B．an C．the D．/12．A．can B．must C．need D．hadbetter13．A．saw B．wasseeing C．wasseen D．see14．A．woman B．women C．woman’s D．women’s15．A．whom B．who C．that D．where【答案】1．A2．D3．B4．C5．B6．A7．B8．D9．A10．D11．A12．A13．C14．D15．C【解析】本文讲述了一个喜欢打篮球的女孩——露西，通过不懈的努力，最终进入大学，拿到奖学金的故事。1．句意：这是能拿到奖学金的唯一方法。toget得到，动词不定式；get得到，动词原形；got得到，动词过去式；gets得到，动词的第三人称单数。作be动词的表语可用动词不定式。故选A。2．句意：我喜欢打篮球，并且要成为大学里最好的球员。better好，比较级；good好，形容词原形；well好，副词原形；best最高级。根据“the…playerinthecollege”可知此处指“大学里最好的运动员”，用形容词的最高级。故选D。3．句意：并且我爸爸告诉我“有志者事竟成”。So所以；And并且；But但是；Or或者。根据“IlikebasketballandIwanttobethe…playerinthecollege…mydadtoldmeifthereisawill”可知前后两句是顺承关系，用and连接。故选B。4．句意：高中毕业前的一天，我看到她伤心地坐在草坪上。in在；to去；from从；at在。graduatefrom…“从……毕业”。故选C。5．句意：高中毕业前的一天，我看到她伤心地坐在草坪上。sad伤心，形容词；sadly伤心地，副词；sadness悲伤，名词；sadder更悲伤，形容词比较级。此处修饰动词“sitting”用副词形式。故选B。6．句意：我问她怎么了。what什么；that引导从句，无意义；why为什么；how如何。句子是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，用what引导宾语从句。故选A。7．句意：她的教练说她的身高太矮了，不能成为一名优秀的篮球运动员，她应该停止上大学的梦想。too太；such这样；so太；very非常。分析句子可知，句子是“such+a/anadj.+n.+that从句”的结果状语从句。故选B。8．句意：她的教练说她的身高太矮了，不能成为一名优秀的篮球运动员，她应该停止上大学的梦想。dream梦想，动词原形；todream动词不定式；dreams动词第三人称单数；dreaming动名词。stopdoingsth.“停止正在做的事情”，stoptodosth.“停下来去做某事”，由语境可知此处指“停止梦想”，用动名词作宾语。故选D。9．句意：她很伤心，并且这也让我很悲伤。it它；its它的；it’s它是；itself它自己。此处作主语应用代词主格It。故选A。10．句意：然而，过了一会，她笑着对我说，她爸爸觉得教练说的是错的。tell说，动词原形；tells动词第三人称单数；hadtold过去完成时；told动词过去式。根据“shesmiledand”可知表示两个并列的动作，时态一致，此处用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选D。11．句意：如果你打球真的是为了优秀大学的奖学金，那么除了你自己没有什么能够阻挡你的梦想。a表泛指，放在以辅音音素开头的单词前；an表泛指，放在以元音音素开头的单词前；the特指。此处泛指“一个好大学”，且good以辅音音素开头，用a。故选A。12．句意：如果你打球真的是为了优秀大学的奖学金，那么除了你自己没有什么能够阻挡你的梦想。can可以；must必须；need需要；hadbetter最好。根据“nothingbutyouyourself…stopyourdream”可知此处表示没有什么能够阻挡，用can。故选A。13．句意：她被一所著名大学球队的教练看中，并且获得了他们学校女子篮球队的奖学金。saw看到，动词过去式；wasseeing过去进行时；wasseen一般过去时的被动语态；see动词原形。句子主语“she”和谓语之间是被动关系，用被动语态bedone。故选C。14．句意：她被一所著名大学球队的教练看中，并且获得了他们学校女子篮球队的奖学金。woman女人，名词单数；women名词复数；woman’s女人的，单数名词的所有格；women’s复数名词的所有格。women’sbasketballteam“女子篮球队”，固定用法。故选D。15．句意：她即将得到多年来梦寐以求并为之努力的大学生活。whom引导定语从句，先行词是人，在从句中作宾语；who引导定语从句，先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语；that引导定语从句，先行词是人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；where引导定语从句，先行词是地点，在从句中作状语。句子是定语从句，先行词是“collegeeducation”，关系词在从句中作宾语，用that引导。故选C。完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ihaveinventedrobotswhichimprovetheworkofcars.Myloveofmakingthingsbegan___16___Iwasakid.IreallybecameexcitedaboutinventingafterIlearnedaboutThomasEdison.Onedayinfourthgrade,our___17___gaveusaprojectinclass.Wehadtowritetoacompanyandlearnabouttheproducts.Ithoughtandthought.___18___IchosetheThomasA．EdisonCompany.Soonafter,thecompanysentmeabookaboutthelifeofThomasEdison.HowIenjoyedreadingandre-readingabouthis

__19__!Iliketherecordedsoundandtheelectriclightmost.Theinventionswereclearlyprintedonmybrain.Mydadnoticedmyinterestininventingand___20___me.Heshowedmehowtoturnmyideasintoplansandthenintonewthings.Once,Isurprisedmydad___21___amodelplaneImade.Later,wefounda___22___modelplaneinastore.Ilearnedthatdifferentinventorsofteninventsimilarthings.Itisnotunusualforthistohappen.Ialsolearnedthatnotallgreatideas___23___.Failureisacommonpartoftheinventing.AsmyfatherandIworkedtogether,Ibegantorealizethatmydadwasquiteaninventorhimself.Hewasalways___24___abetterwaytodoasimplejob.Hisguidinghands,togetherwithmy___25___ininventing,ledmetobecomeanengineerandaninventor.Ofcourse,IalsothankThomasEdison.Heismyhero.16．A．before B．after C．when D．until17．A．parent B．teacher C．inventor D．engineer18．A．Easily B．Finally C．Safely D．Quickly19．A．lights B．projects C．suggestions D．inventions20．A．mistook B．refused C．chose D．encouraged21．A．with B．about C．into D．from22．A．different B．similar C．large D．small23．A．work B．fail C．come D．end24．A．lookingat B．lookingfor C．lookingafter D．lookingthrough25．A．habit B．story C．interest D．plan【答案】16．C17．B18．B19．D20．D21．A22．B23．A24．B25．C【解析】文章讲述了作者从对发明感兴趣，到最终获得成功的励志故事。作者在四年级时读了一篇关于爱迪生的故事，便开始对发明感兴趣，他爸爸注意到这一点，并教他将想法付诸行动，在他和爸爸一起致力于发明时，他发现爸爸从不言弃，这种精神对他有很大的影响，最终他成了一名工程师。16．句意：当我是个孩子时，我开始喜欢发明东西。考查连词。根据Myloveofmakingthingsbegan和Iwasakid.之间的关系，可知是当我是个孩子时；before在……之前；after在……之后，when当……时候，until直到；故选C。17．句意：我们的老师在课堂上给我们一个话题。考查名词辨析和语境。根据Onedayinfourthgrade,和inclass.可知是老师；parent

父母，teacher老师，inventor发明家，engineer工程师；故选B。18．句意：最后我选择了爱迪生的公司。考查副词和语境。根据Ithoughtandthought.可知是最后，选择了爱迪生的公司；Easily容易地，Finally最后，Safely安全地，Quickly快地；故选B。19．句意：反复读他的发明。考查名词辨析和语境。根据Iliketherecordedsoundandtheelectriclightmost.Theinventionswereclearlyprintedonmybrain.可知是反复读他的发明；lights灯，projects主题，suggestions

建议，inventions发明；故选D。20．句意：我爸爸注意到我对发明感兴趣，就鼓励我。考查动词辨析和语境。根据Heshowedmehowtoturnmyideasintoplansandthenintonewthings.和语境，可知是鼓励我；mistook错误，refused拒绝，chose选择，encouraged鼓励；故选D。21．句意：我做的一个飞机模型使我爸爸感到惊讶。根据surprisesbwithsth用……让某人吃惊；with用，about关于，into到里面，from从；故选A。22．句意：我们在一家商店发现了一个类似的飞机模型。考查形容词辨析和语境。different

不同的，similar

相似的，large大的，small小的；根据Ilearnedthatdifferentinventorsofteninventsimilarthings.可知是相似的飞机模型；故选B。23．句意：我也了解到不是所有伟大的想法都成为现实。考查动词辨析和语境。根据Failureisacommonpartoftheinventing.和语境，可知是不是所有伟大的想法都成为现实；work产生效果，fail失败，come来，end结束；故选A。24．句意：他总是寻找一个更好的方法来做简单的工作。考查动词短语和语境。根据Ibegantorealizethatmydadwasquiteaninventorhimself.和abetterwaytodoasimplejob可知是寻找一个更好的方法；lookingat看，lookingfor寻找，lookingafter照顾，lookingthrough浏览；故选B。25．句意：在他的引领下以及我对发明的兴趣，让我成为了一名工程师和发明家。考查名词辨析和语境。根据Myloveofmakingthings和one’sinterestin某人在……上的兴趣；habit习惯，story故事，interest兴趣，plan计划；故选C。三、阅读（共两节，满分35分）第一节阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从下面各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWangYaping,togetherwithZhaiZhigangandYeGuangfu,wentintospaceaboardtheShenzhouXIIIonOctober16th.The41-year-oldWangbecamethefirstfemaleastronaut(女航天员)toenterTiangongspacestation.Wang’sspacedreamstartedin2003,whenChinasentitsfirstastronautYangLiweiintospace.Atthattime,WangwasapilotintheChinesearmy.Afterhavingsafeflightsfor1,600hoursovernineyears,Wangwasastrongcandidatetobecomeanastronautin2010.Shepushedherselfhard,gettingthesametrainingasmen.“Thespaceenvironmentwon’tchangebecauseyouareawoman,”shetoldXinbua.Thehardestpartisthehigh-Gtraining.Sittinginaspinning(旋转的)machine,Wangwouldbecomeblindforawhilebecauseherbrainwasshortofblood.“There’saredbutton(按钮),saidWang.”Ifyoucan’tbearit,youcanpressittostop.”ButWangneverusedit.“Thereisnosuchredbuttoninmyheart.”Thatstrongspiritfinallymadeherdreamcometruein2013.ShejoinedtheteamfortheShenzhouXmission.Wangsaidthatasastronauts,womenhavetheirownadvantages(优势).“Womenmaybemorepatientandcanbetterdealwithloneliness.Women’sheartsarealsoeasiertoadapt(适应)totheweightlessenvironment,makingthemmoresuitableforlong-termmissions.”WangYapingwentalongwaybeforebecomingthefirstwomantoentertheTiangongspacestation.Shesetsagoodexampleforallwomenwhodreamofgoingtospace.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordcandidateinthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A．成员 B．伙伴 C．候选人 D．飞行员27．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Wangisthefirstfemaleastronautintheworld.B．Wangdreamedofbeinganastronautin2003.C．ItwasashorttimebeforeWangmadeherdreamcometrue.D．Wangpressedtheredbuttonwhenshebecameblindafterthehigh-Gtraining.28．WhatadvantagesdoesafemaleastronauthaveaccordingtoWang?a.Morepatience.

b.Lessweight.c.Moreproblem-solvingskills.

d.Betterabilitytodealwithloneliness.A．ad B．ab C．bc D．bd29．WhatcanwelearnfromWang’sstory?A．Nevertoooldtolearn.B．Wellbegunishalfdone.C．Oldhabitsdiehard.D．Nothingisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.【答案】26．C27．B28．A29．D【解析】本文介绍了第一位进入天宫空间站的女宇航员——王亚平，她是如何通过自身努力实现自己的梦想的。26．词义猜测题。根据下文“Shepushedherselfhard,gettingthesametrainingasmen.”可知，她努力训练自己，接受和男人一样的训练。由此推断，王亚平成为2010年宇航员的有力候选人后，接受了和男人一样的训练。因此画线部分单词candidate是“候选人”的意思。故选C。27．推理判断题。根据“Wang’sspacedreamstartedin2003,whenChinasentitsfirstastronautYangLiweiintospace.”可知，王亚平的太空梦想始于2003年，选项B“2003年，王亚平梦想成为一名宇航员。”表述正确，故选B。28．细节理解题。根据“Womenmaybemorepatientandcanbetterdealwithloneliness.Women’sheartsarealsoeasiertoadapt(适应)totheweightlessenvironment,makingthemmoresuitableforlong-termmissions.”可知，作为宇航员，女性有自己的优势：女性可能更有耐心，能够更好地应对孤独。女性的心脏也更容易适应失重环境，使其更适合长期任务。故选A。29．推理判断题。根据“Shesetsagoodexampleforallwomenwhodreamofgoingtospace.”以及整个文章的理解可知，王亚平通过自身的刻苦努力，经过多年的训练，终于圆了她的太空梦。由此推断，她的故事告诉我们：世上无难事，只怕有心人。故选D。BCOVID-19isastronglycontagious(接触性传染的)coronavirus(冠状病毒)thatcancausemanyillnesseslikearunnynose,asorethroat,coughsandfever,evenitcanleadtodeath.Weknowithaskeptchangingsofar.We’regrowingwhatcouldbethemostcontagiouscoronavirusyetatasafelabinToronto,Canada,tostudywhatdangerOmicronactuallybrings.ScientistsknowOmicronhasmoremutations(突变)tothevirusesthanAlphaandDelta,butitwilltakeverylongtimetofindoutwhatallthosemutationsmean.Wecan’tjustlookatoneandsayoh,becauseofthemutationat501weknowthisisgoingtohappen,becauseithappenedwithAlphaorwithDelta.Sothat’swhywehavetolookatitinthewholething,whichiswhywehavetodoalltheworkinhighlysafelabs.ResearchersarealsostudyingthegrowingnumberofpeopletestingpositiveforOmicrontoanswerthreeveryimportantquestions:Whetherisiteasiertomakepeoplesick?Doesitleadtomoreseriousillness?Isiteasiertobreakthroughourimmune(免疫)system,especiallyinvaccinated(接种疫苗的)people?Weneedtoseemanykindsofcases,weneedtocompareittopatientswhohavetheothervirusessuchasAlphaandDeltatogetsomeideas.Thatwilltakealotoftime.AccordingtothelatestdatafromSouthAfrica,hospitalsreportedthattheysawarapidlygrowingnumberofmostlyunvaccinatedpatientsinfectedbyOmicron.ItsuggestedOmicronismorecontagious,butitledtolessseriousillnesscomparedtoAlphaandDelta.Thenewsmadesomepeoplefromallovertheworldfilledwithbothhopeanddoubt.Ikeepmyownopinion,becausewe’veseensomenewsaboutmutations,butitisn’tthefact.Fornow,Deltaisstilldrivingthenumbers,since2021,alargenumberofpeoplehavediedfromCOVID-19,mostofthemareunvaccinated.30．COVID-19cancausealotofillnesses,suchas__________.A．arunnynose,anosebleedandcoughsB．arunnynose,asorethroat,coughsandfeverC．arunnynose,asorethroatandanosebleedanddeathD．arunnynose,asorethroat,astomachacheandfever31．Researchersaretryingtoanswerthreeimportantquestionsto__________.A．helppeoplegetvaccinated B．getsomeusefulideasC．compareallkindsofcoronavirus D．encouragepeopletogetvaccinated32．Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A．Anewspaper. B．Adiary.C．Astorybook. D．Anoticeboard.33．Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat__________.A．Omicronisn’tasdangerousasAlphaandDeltaB．scientistsfoundthemostdangerouscoronavirusC．wewon’tdiefromCOVID-19ifwegetvaccinatedD．othernewcoronavirusmayappearinthefuture【答案】30．B31．B32．A33．D【解析】本文主要介绍科学家对新型冠状病毒变体Alpha、Delta和Omicron的研究和发现。30．细节理解题。根据“COVID-19isastronglycontagious(接触性传染的)coronavirus(冠状病毒)thatcancausemanyillnesseslikearunnynose,asorethroat,coughsandfever,evenitcanleadtodeath.”可知，新型冠状病毒可引发流涕、喉咙痛、咳嗽、发烧，甚至死亡。故选B。31．细节理解题。根据“Weneedtoseemanykindsofcases,weneedtocompareittopatientswhohavetheothervirusessuchasAlphaandDeltatogetsomeideas.”可知，研究人员研究Alpha、Delta和Omicron的病例是为了获取一些有用的想法。故选B。32．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍科学家对新型冠状病毒变体Alpha、Delta和Omicron的研究和发现，由此推断文章来自报纸。故选A。33．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，新冠病毒已经突变成Alpha、Delta和Omicron，而且感染人数还在增加，由此推断还会有更多的新冠病毒变体。故选D。CAstheWinterOlympicGamescontinueinChina,herearesomeofthedifferenttechnologiesbeingusedinBeijing.RobotsDifferentkindsofrobotshavebeenusedtohelpvisitorsandathletes.SomemachinesarebeingusedtosatisfysocialdistancingrequirementsrelatedtoCOVID-19.Robotsarealsotransportingequipment,cleaningsurfacesandpreparingandcarryingfoodtolimithuman-to-humancontact.SmartbedsAttheWinterOlympicVillage,theathletesaresleepingon“smartbeds”withsensors(传感器).Thedevicescollectinformationonthingslikebreathingandheartrates.Theyalsohavecontrolstoallowuserstochoosesleepingpositions,includingonecalled“zerogravity”.Thatsettingissupposedtoreducepressure(压力)onmusclesandjoints(关节)andsupporthigherqualitysleep.Thesehigh-techbedsareverydifferentfromthelower-techversions(版本)providedforOlympicathletesatlastyear’sTokyoGames.ThebedsusedinJapanweremadeofcardboardmaterial,whichreceivedwideattentionforbeingsounusual.Digitalcurrency(数字货币)China’sdigitalmoneywillbeinuseattheOlympicsinthecurrency’sfirstmaintestwithforeigners.Visitorscanusedigitalyuantopayforfood,transportationandothergoodsandservices.Userscangetthecurrencybydownloadinganapp,gettingadigitalyuancardorbyexchangingforeigncurrencyintodigitalformthroughmachinesinOlympicareas.AppmonitoringAllOlympicplayersmustuseanapp,calledMY2022,fordailymonitoringforCOVID-19.TheappallowsuserstosendpersonalhealthinformationeverydayasarequirementtotakepartintheGames.ThesystemispartofChina’saggressiveefforttolimitthespreadofthevirusduringtheGames.34．WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbedonebyrobots?A．Transportingequipment. B．Preparingandcarryingfood.C．Makingmachines. D．Cleaningsurfaces.35．A“zerogravity”bedissupposedto________.A．supporthigherqualitysleep.B．reducepressureonbloodandjoints.C．beascomfortableasthelower-techonesinJapan.D．receivelesspublicattentionthanthatinJapan.36．WhatisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Somemachinesarebeingusedtosatisfysocialdistancingrequirements.B．VisitorscanonlyusedigitalcurrencyduringtheBeijingWinterOlympicGames.C．Appmonitoringisveryusefulinlimitingthespreadofthevirus.D．Sensorsinsmartbedscancollectinformationonbreathingandheartrates.【答案】34．C35．A36．B【解析】本文主要介绍中国冬奥会期间所使用的的科技，包括机器人、智能床、数字货币和应用监控。34．细节理解题。根据“Robotsarealsotransportingequipment,cleaningsurfacesandpreparingandcarryingfoodtolimithuman-to-humancontact.”可知，机器人也是运输设备，可以清洁表面，准备和配送食物。故选C。35．细节理解题。根据“Thatsettingissupposedtoreducepressure(压力)onmusclesandjoints(关节)andsupporthigherqualitysleep.”可知，零重力可以减轻肌肉和关节的压力，让睡眠质量更高。故选A。36．细节理解题。根据Digitalcurrency(数字货币)的段落内容可知，游客可以使用数字货币，但没有提到在北京冬奥会期间只能用数字货币。故选B。DYou’llneedtocreateapasswordtodojustabouteverythingontheWeb,suchascheckingyouremail,bankingonline,logginginWeChatandsoon.Andwhileit’ssimplertouseashort,easy-to-rememberpassword,thiscanalsocauseseriousriskstoyouronlinesafety.Toprotectyourselfandyourinformation,you’llwanttousepasswordsthatarelong,strong,anddifficultforsomeoneelsetoguesswhilestillkeepingthemeasyforyoutoremember.Astrongpasswordisonethat’seasyforyoutorememberbutdifficultforotherstoguess.Let’stakealookatsomeofthemostimportantthingstothinkwhensettingapassword.First,neverusepersonalinformationsuchasyourname,birthday,user’sname,oremailaddress.Thistypeofinformationisoftenpubliclyavailable(可获得的),whichmakesiteasierforsomeonetoguessyourpassword.Second,usealongerpassword.Yourpasswordsshouldbeatleastsixcharacterslongorevenlonger.Then,don’tusethesamepasswordforeachaccount(账户).Ifsomeonediscoversyourpasswordforoneaccount,allofyourotheraccountswillbeindanger.Youcantrytousenumbers,symbols,andbothcapitalandsmallletters.Youhavetoavoidusingwordsthatcanbefoundinthedictionary.Like“swimming”,itwouldbeaweakpassword.Sorandom(随机的)passwordsarethestrongest.Insteadofwritingyourpasswordsonpaperlikebooksornotebookswheresomeonemightfindthem,youcanuseapasswordmanager(akindofApp)tostorethemsafelyonline.Passwordmanagerscanrememberandenteryourpasswordondifferentwebsites.Thatmeansyouwon’thavetorememberlongerpasswords.Soitisagoodandsafewaytokeepyourpasswords.37．Theunderlinedword“this”refersto________.A．checkingyouremail B．bankingonlineC．usingashortpassword D．sharinginformation38．Accordingtothepassage,“________”isthestrongestpassword.A．20080618 B．Sywi2008! C．Swimming D．Betty!39．Thelastparagraphismainlyabout________.A．whentostoreyourpasswordsB．howtosetsafepasswordsC．whentorememberpasswordsD．howtokeeppasswordssafely40．Thepurposeofthispassageismainlyto________.A．encouragepeopletocheckemailsandbankingonlineB．helppeoplewithsettingandstoringsafepasswordsC．stoppeoplefromusingtheirpersonalinformationonlineD．tellpeoplethedifferencesbetweeneasyanddifficultpasswords【答案】37．C38．B39．D40．B【解析】本文主要讲述了密码的安全问题，同时介绍了密码设置和保存的方式。37．推理判断题。根据“Andwhileit’ssimplertouseashort,easy-to-rememberpassword,thiscanalsocauseseriousriskstoyouronlinesafety.”可知，虽然使用简短易记的密码更简单，但这也会给你的上网安全带来严重风险。this指代的是usingashortpassword“使用短密码”。故选C。38．推理判断题。根据“Youcantrytousenumbers,symbols,andbothcapitalandsmallletters.”和“Sorandom(随机的)passwordsarethestrongest.”可知，密码可以尝试使用数字、符号以及大写和小写字母，同时最好是没有规律性的。结合选项可知，B选项最符合。故选B。39．段落大意题。根据“Soitisagoodandsafewaytokeepyourpasswords.”可知，最后一段主要讲述了安全保存密码的方式，即如何安全保存密码。故选D。40．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了密码的安全问题，同时介绍了密码设置和保存的方式。故本文的目的是为了帮助人们设置和存储安全密码。故选B。第二节阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入下面各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“天宫课堂”再开讲！有哪些精彩内容？DoyoustillrememberthelecturefromChina’sTiangongspacestationlastyear?OnMarch23,astronautsZhaiZhigang,WangYapingandYeGuangfugaveanotherone!___41___Whatfunexperimentsdidtheydothistime?Hot“ice”Lasttime,theastronautsmadeawaterballinspace.___42___Well,it’snotactuallyice.It’ssupersaturatedsodiumacetatesolution(过饱和乙酸钠溶液).Thesupersaturatedsolutionisveryunstable(不稳定的).Theastronautsdroppedasmallcrystal(晶体)ofsodiumacetateintotheball-shapedsolution.Suddenly,moresodiumacetatecrystalsgrew,makingawhiteballof“ice”.This“ice”isanythingbutcold,however.___43___AbridgeofwaterHowdoyoubuilda“bridge”withwater?It’shardtodoitonEarth.____44____Inthelecture,WangYapingfirstmadetwowaterballsontwoplates,thenletthemtoucheachother.Next,Wangpulledthetwoplatesapart,andthewaterbetweenthemdidn’tbreak.Itbecamea“bridge”!Thisisbecausethesurfacetension(表面张力)ofwaterisnotdisturbed(干扰)bygravityinspace.Thesurfacetensionkeepsthe“skin”ofthewaterstrongsothatthebridgedoesn’tbreak.SeparatewaterandoilIfwemixoilandwaterinabottleonEarth,theywillquicklyseparate(分离)becausetheyhavedifferentdensities(密度).Gravitybringsthewaterdownwhiletheoilstaysontop.___45___Howcanweseparatethem,then?Inthelecture,YeGuangfurotated(旋转)thebottletocreatecentrifugalforce(离心力).Withthisman-madegravity,theheavierwaterispushedtothefurthestpoint,whichbringsthelighteroilclosertothecenter.

TEENSA．However,ifyoudothisinthespacestation,withnogravity,theoilandwaterwillblend.A．However,ifyoudothisinthespacestation,withnogravity,theoilandwaterwillblend.B．Itwaslivestreamed(直播)worldwide.C．Thistime,theyturnedawaterballintoan“ice”ball!D．Butinthespacestation,withlittlegravity(重力),it’squiteeasy!E．Theprocessactuallygivesoffheat!【答案】41．B42．C43．E44．D45．A【解析】本文主要讲了3月23日的天宫课堂都讲了哪些内容。41．根据“OnMarch23,astronautsZhaiZhigang,WangYapingandYeGuangfugaveanotherone!”可知要介绍课堂形式，选项B“这是全球直播的。”符合语境。故选B。42．根据“Lasttime,theastronautsmadeawaterballinspace.”及“Well,it’snotactuallyice.”可知此处提到了“冰”球，选项C“这次，他们把一个水球变成了一个“冰”球！”符合语境。故选C。43．根据“This‘ice’isanythingbutcold,however.”可知此处讲“冰”不冷，会释放热量，选项E“这个过程实际上会释放热量！”符合语境。故选E。44．根据“It’shardtodoitonEarth.”可知在地球上这么做很难，此处要讲在空间站的情况，选项D“但在空间站里，重力很小，这很容易！”符合语境。故选D。45．根据“Gravitybringsthewaterdownwhiletheoilstaysontop.”可知此处要介绍水和油在空间站会是什么情况，选项A“然而，如果你在空间站这样做，没有重力，油和水会混合。”符合语境。故选A。四、写作（共三节，满分30分）第一节语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）Manyofusdon’tr_______46_______howimportanteyecareis.Oureyesshouldbeg_______47_______alotofcare.Thenwhatcanwedo?Shouldwetakesomemedicine?No.Naturaleyecareshouldbeputinthefirstplace.Thereareseveralreasonsleadingtopooreyesight.Genesandage,televisions,computers,readingandnotenoughgoodfoodareallcausesofhavingpooreyesight.Somef_______48_______willbegoodtoyoureyesight.RememberthatvitaminsA,CandEaregoodforeyes.Trytoeatfoodgroupsthathavethesevitamins.Ifapersoneatstherightkindsoffoodanddoeseyee_______49_______regularly,hiseyeswillstayingoodconditionforalongtime.Allabovearenaturalwaysofeyecarethathelpuskeepeyesh_______50_______.Beinghappyallthetimecanbegoodtoaperson’seyesight,too.Inaword,eyecareisveryimportant.Everyoneshouldpaymoreattentiontoit.【答案】46．(r)ealize47．(g)iven48．(f)ood49．(e)xercises50．(h)ealthy【解析】本文主要讲述的是保护眼睛的重要性，以及保护眼睛的方法。46．句意：我们很多人都没有意识到眼睛护理的重要性。根据下文“howimportanteyecareis.”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示“没有意识到眼睛护理的重要性”。realize“意识到”，don’t后跟动词原形。故填(r)ealize。47．句意：我们的眼睛应该得到很多照顾。根据下文“alotofcare”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示“应该被给与更多照顾”；give“给与”，此处是含有情态动词的被动，结构是“shouldbedone”，因此用give的现在分词given。故填(g)iven。48．句意：一些食物对你的视力有好处。根据下文“RememberthatvitaminsA,CandEaregoodforeyes.Trytoeatfoodgroupsthathavethesevitamins.”可知，这里表示多吃含有这些维生素的食物。由此可推断这里说的是“一些食物”，food此时是不可数名词。故填(f)ood。49．句意：如果一个人吃正确的食物，经常做眼保健操，他的眼睛会在很长一段时间内保持良好的状态。此处表示“做眼保健操”为“doeyeexercises”。故填(e)xercises。50．句意：以上都是帮助我们保持眼睛健康的自然护理方法。根据“Allabovearenaturalwaysofeyecare”可知，这些是保持“眼睛健康”的方法；keep后跟形容词，healthy“健康的”。故填(h)ealthy。第二节完成句子（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。(每空限填一词)51．社区将在这个寒假举行很多活动。Alotofactivities__________________inthecommunityduringthiswinterh