2021年河南高考英语试卷

第一部听力（共两节,满分30分）做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题:每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.答案是C。.Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingtheway.B.Givingdirections.C.Correctingamistake..Whatdresssizedoesthewomanwant?A.8.B.10.C.12..Whatisthewomanlikelytodo?Makeaphonecall.Handletheproblem.Havearest..Whichtourdoesthemanseemtobeinterestedin?Theeveningtour.Thehalf-daytour.C.Thefull-daytour..Wherearethespeakers?A.Atacanteen.B.Ataclinic.C.Atabank.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthematch?A.Entertaining.B.Discouraging.C.Boring..WhatdothespeakersplantodoonTuesdayafternoon?A.Watchagame..Playtennis.C.Gotothecinema.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.WhatdoesthemanadviseMrs.Whitetodo?A.Goonadiet.Domoreexercise.Getenoughsleep..WhichcanbeincludedinMrs.White'sbreakfast?A.Eggs.B.Sausages.C.Porridge..Whatistheman?Ateacher.B.Aphysician.C.Achef.听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。11.HowdoesNancylooktoDaniel?A.Confused.Excited.Anxious.12.WhydoesDanielmentionhisperformanceinaplay?A.TocomfortNancy.ToexpresshisregretToshowhispride..WhatisNancygoingtodonextweek?A.TakeaschooltestB.Haveacheck-up.C.Goinforacompetition..WhatdoesDanieloffertodoforNancy?A.Rewriteherlines.B.Drivehertothetheatre.C.Helpherwiththepractice.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。.WhatwasProf.Stone'sgrandfatherafraidof?A.Leavinghishome.B.Partingfromhisson.C.Takingearlyretirement..WhatdoesoldagemeantomanyelderlyAmericans?A.Lackofmoralsupport.Lossofself-worth.Changeoflivinghabits..WhatwillProfStonetalkaboutnextconcerningelderlypeople?A.Publicservicestheyaskfor.B.Healthcareavailabletothem.C.Contributionstheycanmake.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。.Whatdoesthespeaker'smotherwanthertobe?A.Aconfidentperson.Awarm-heartedperson.Ahumorousperson..Whydidthespeakerfeellonelyinherchildhood?A.SheoftentraveledbyherselfB.Herfamilymovedfrequently.C.Hermotherwasbusyworking..Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Importanceofhomeschooling.B.Mother-daughterrelationship.C.Arolemodelinherfamily.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheBiggestStadiumsintheWorldPeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.Inaround8A.Q.,theRomansbuilttheColosseum,whichremainstheworld'sbestknownstadiumarecontinuestoinformcontemporarydesign.Rome’sColosseumwas157feettallandhad80entrances,seating50,000people.However,thatwassmallfrycomparedwiththecity’sCircusMaximus,whichaccommodatedaround250,000people.Thesedays,safetyregulations-nottomentionthemodernsportsfan’sdesireforagoodviewandacomfortableseat-tendtokeepstadiumcapacities（容量Nightlylower.Evensoccerfanstendtohaveaseateach;gonearethedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranksthembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites.Allthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.Rungrado1stofMayStadium,Pyongyang,D.P.R-Korea.Capacity.Opened.May1,1989.MichiganStadium,AnnArbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity:107,601.Opened.October1,1927.BeaverStadium,StateCollege,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity:106,572.Opened:September17,I960.OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:October7,1922.KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas,U.S.Capacity: Opened:September102,512.24,1927.21.HowmanypeoplecouldtheCircusMaximushold?A.104,944.B.107,601.C.About150,000.D.About250,000.22.Ofthefollowingstadiums,whichistheoldest?MichiganStadium.BeaverStadium.OhioStadium.KyleField.Whatdothelistedstadiumshaveincommon?Theyhostbiggames.TheyhavebecometouristattractionsTheywerebuiltbyAmericans.TheyarefavoredbyarchitectsBWhenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingforalandline（座机）Thesedaysyou'dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn’townamobilephone.Infactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter(29%)relyonlyontheirsmartphones,accordingtoasurvey(调查).OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethatit'snotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasasecurityblanket-19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies.Ithinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturallyafactor(因素)-only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentofBabyBoomerswho'veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.Ageisn'ttheonlyfactor;I'dsayit'salsotodowiththemakeupofyourhousehold.GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsaid,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourbeforewepickupthephone(usingCallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit).Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries?Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutmobilephones?Theirtargetusers.Theirwidepopularity.Theirmajorfunctions.D.Theircomplexdesign.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"concede"inparagraph3mean?Admit.Argue.Remember.D.Remark.WhatcanwesayaboutBabyBoomers?Theylikesmartphonegames.Theyenjoyguessingcallers’identity.Theykeepusinglandlinephones.D.Theyareattachedtotheirfamily.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?Itremainsafamilynecessity.Itwillfalloutofusesomeday.C.Itmayincreasedailyexpenses.D.Itisasimportantasthegaslight.CYou’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,foreingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse,”apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource（来源）ofplasticpollution,butthey'verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat'spartofVonWong'sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate（说明）aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload'sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled"TruckloadofPlastic,"VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped（倾倒）fromatruckallatonce.VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.WhatareVonWong’sartworksintendedfor?Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.Tofindasubstituteforthem.Whateffectwould"TruckloadofPlastic"haveonviewers?Calming.DisturbingCRefreshingD.Challenging.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?Artists'OpinionsonPlasticSafetyMediaInterestinContemporaryArtResponsibilityDemandedofBigCompaniesOceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculpturesDDuringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthinkaboutoften.Annoyedbythelevelofdistraction（干扰）inhisopenoffice,hesaid,“That’swhyIhaveamembershipatthecoworkingspaceacrossthestreet—soIcanfocus."Hiscommentstruckmeasstrange.Afterall,coworkingspacesalsotypicallyuseanopenofficelayout（布局）.ButIrecentlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhisapproachworksTheresearchersexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsofcreativethinking.Theywererandomlydividedintofourgroupsandexposedtovariousnoiselevelsinthebackground,fromtotalsilenceto50decibels（分贝）,70decibels,and85decibels.Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupswerestatisticallyinsignificant;however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup—thoseexposedtoalevelofnoisesimilartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshop-significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.Sincetheeffectsweresmall,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand85decibelsofbackgroundnoise.Butsincetheresultsat70decibelsweresignificant,thestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevelofbackgroundnoise—nottooloudandnottotalsilence—mayactuallyimproveone’screativethinkingability.Therightlevelofbackgroundnoisemayinterruptournormalpatternsofthinkingjustenoughtoallowourimaginationstowander,withoutmakingitimpossibletofocus.Thiskindof"distractedfocus"appearstobethebeststateforworkingoncreativetasks.Sowhydosomanyofushateouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wecan'tstopourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers’conversationswhilewe’retryingtofocus.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatface-to-faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetacoworkingspaceoracoffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions.Whydoestheinterviewerpreferacoworkingspace?Ithelpshimconcentrate.Itblocksoutbackgroundnoise.Ithasapleasantatmosphere.Itencouragesface-to-faceinteractions.Whichlevelofbackgroundnoisemaypromotecreativethinkingability?Totalsilence.50decibels.70decibels.85decibels.Whatmakesanopenofficeunwelcometomanypeople?Personalprivacyunprotected.Limitedworkingspace.Restrictionsongroupdiscussion.Constantinterruptions.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.He'sanewsreporter.B.He’sonofficemanager.C.He'saprofessionaldesigner.D.He'sapublishedwriter.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项AccordingtoJessicaHagy,authorofHowtoBeInteresting,it'snotdifficulttomakeyourselfinterestingatadinnerparty._ 36_ ,ifyou'reoutofyourcomfortzoneorifyou'rewanderingintosomebody'shouseforthefirsttime.Sothemainthingisjusttoshowupandbeadventurous,tryingdifferentfoodsandtalkingtostrangers.Peoplelovetotalkaboutthemselves.Ifyoucanstarttheconversationwithaquestionotherthan“Whatdoyoudoforaliving?",you'llbeabletogetalotmore.JLJ J J A J_"I J JII J 4interestingconversationoutofwhomeveritisyouretalkingto.37-.itcanbringin"Ihavethisold,broken-downvehicle"or"Irodethebuswiththesecrazypeoplewhowerelaughingatsillyjokesintheback."Itjustopensupconversation._ 38_?Ifyoucan'ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox（讲台）.Ifyou'rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation._39_Andwhataboutthatotherdinner-partykiller:awkwardsilence?Ifyou'refacedwithanawkwardsilenceatadinnerparty,theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment（赞扬）._ .Justquicklytunaroundandsay,40 一"Thiscakeisextremelydeliciousandyouhavetotellmeallaboutit.”Sobeinginterestingatadinnerpartyisn’tthathard.HowdoyouknowthehostThefirststepistogoexploringIfyouaskthequestion"Howdidyougethere?',BepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangersOrturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosayWhataboutthatpersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon'tstoptalkingHeorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Simplysayingthankyoudoesn'tseemenoughincertainsituations.Iwasconsideringthiswhileworkingasa_41_Justafewweeksago.Anditcametomethenhow

mucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferent42_ofgratitude（感谢）.Mythoughtsweresoon__43_.Wehadawomanpatientwhowas_44_fromakneereplacementoperation.Oneafternoon,while_45_togetintobedshecollapsed（倒下）fromwhatwas_ 46_ discoveredtobeaheartattack.Thecollapsewasdisastrous,_47_theemergencymedicalteamandteamwork.Butsherecovered, 48_,andwasreadyfordischargethough_ （出K）afterfourweeks.Shewas_foreverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddonefor49 —her.Onherdayofdischarge,wesharedinher50_atherrecovery.Asshewas51_ shewaseagertosay_ 52_toeachofusinthenursingteam.Whensheherhand.Myherhand.Myourjob.The57__Ihad.Icolleague_ 54_toacceptit,sayingthatwewerealljust_55patientlookedpuzzled,andthen_56_ :"Ohthisisn'tforthetakethatasa_ 58__.No,thisisforsettingmyhairyesterday.''Andthereyouhaveit.Tomanypeople,59_ livesisofthejobpartbutstylinghairisan_60__ andshouldberewarded.41.A.cleanerB.chemistC.nurseD.doctor42.A.gradesB.meaningsC.needsD.expectations43.A.brushedasideB.puttothetestC.broughtunderdiscussionD.takenintoaccount44.A.departingB.escapingC.retiringD.recovering45.A.attemptingB.choosingC.pausingD.promising46.A.eventuallyB.fortunatelyC.casuallyD.secretly47.A.assessingB.requiringC.formingD.proving48.A.slightlyB.accidentallyC.slowlyD.happily49.A.gratefulB.thoughtfulC.sorrowfulD.fearful50.A.surpriseB.delightC.curiosityD.disappointment51.A.operatingB.thinkingC.hesitatingD.leaving52.A.sorryB.helloC.goodbyeD.yes53.A.reachedB.consultedC.introducedD.persuaded54.A.wishedB.pretendedC.failedD.refused55.A.enjoyingB.doingC.securingD.starting56.A.repeatedB.recitedC.repliedD.reported57.A.courageB.patienceC.dutyD.care58.A.goalB.givenC.pushD.greeting59.A.riskingB.changingC.savingD.building60.A.honourB.abilityC.openingD.extra第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpact(影响)traveltoundisturbedplaces.Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome61(educate)abouttheareas-bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe62(develop)ofthelocalareas.Ecotourismhas63(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept64thelate1980s.Duringthattime,increasingenvironmentalawarenessmadeitdesirable.Dueto65growingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypes66tripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Actually,•Minimize