Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world复习学案-高一英语牛津译林版必修第三册

必修三Unit4Scientistswhochangedtheworld复习Content必修三第四单元Scientistswhochangedtheworld复习Teachingobjectives1.知识目标：学生能够掌握短语和词汇的基本含义2.技能目标：学生能够掌握短语和词汇的基本用法3.情感目标：学生能够更有信心学习英语Keypoints,Difficultpoints1.掌握短语和词汇的基本含义2.掌握短语和词汇的基本用法Teachingprocedure：Ⅰ.DictationI.核心单词(A)写作词汇-写词形1.________n.学说,论;原理;看法,意见2.________adj.广泛的;宽阔的，广阔的；概括的；开阔的3.________vi.&vt.想要，计划；意指4.________n.药草，香草；草本植物5.________n.实验,试验;尝试，实践vi.做实验，进行实验;尝试6.________n.试用，试验；审讯，审判;考验vi.&vt.测试，试验7.________adj.家庭的，家用的，家务的n.一家人，家庭8.________vt.延迟，延期9.________n.意外,偶然的事;事故,意外遭遇10.________vt.较喜欢;偏袒;有助于n.帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒11.________n.金属12.________vt.&vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满n.收费；控告；谴责；掌管13.________vt.包含;牵涉，影响;(使)参加14.________n.赞扬，认可；信用vt.存入金额；把……归于15.________adj.道德的；道义上的；品行端正的n.品行，道德；寓意16.________n.权威;权力；官方17.________vt.表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报18.________vt.出版，发行；发表;公布19.________n.结婚，婚姻；已婚状态(B)阅读词汇一明词义1.malarian.________2.provincen.________3.extractn.________vt.________4.datan.________5.illustratevt.________6.penicillinn.________7.mouldn.________vt.________8.bacteria(sing.bacterium)n.________9.lightningn.________10.thunderstormn.________11.ribbonn.________12.bangn.________vi.&vt.________13.standoutadj.________n.________14.atomicadj.________15.bombn.________vt.________16.eviln.________adj.________(C)拓展词汇一灵活用1.________adj.致命的；十足的，彻底的→n.________死者adj.死的；麻木的；无活力的adv.完全地；绝对地→________n.死亡；死亡状态；灭亡2.________n.生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物________vi.生存；存活；继续存在vt.&vi.幸存；艰难度过vt.比……活的时间长3.________adj.有限的→________n.限度,限制，界限vt.限制→________n.限制；局限4.________n.容器；集装箱，货柜→________vt.包含；容纳5.________adj.足够的，充足的→________n.充足；足量→________adv.足够地；充分地6.________n.智慧，才智；明智；知识，学问→________adj.英明的；明智的→________adv.聪明地；明智地；英明地7.________adj.有益的，有用的→________n.利益，好处；优势；义演v.有益于；有助于；得益→________adv.获利地；受益地8.________v.组织，实施；引导；举止；传导v.&v.指挥→________n.传导→________adj.具有传导性的9.________v.围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关→________adj.周围的；附近的→________n.环境；周围的事物10.________vt.表明；暗示；提及；指出→________n.迹象;标示→________adj.指示的；表示……的，标示的11.________adj.有才智的，聪明的；有智力的________n.智力；才智；智慧________adv.聪明地；机智地12.________n.政治家，从政者；投机钻营者时________adj.政治的；政党的_______n.政治；政治信仰，政见；政治学13.________n.电,电能→________adj.电的，发电的，电动的→________adj.发电的；用电的；电的、→________adv.电动地；电地14.________adj.科学的，关于科学的，细致严谨的→________n.科学；自然科学；理科→________n.科学家15.________vt.&vi.应用；申请；涂；有关→________n.申请；申请表；应用→________n.申请者16.________adj.脑力的；有才智的，智力发达的n.知识分子，脑力劳动者→________n.智力,才智17.________n.神秘；神秘的人(或事物)；悬疑作品→________adj.神秘的；难以理解的→________adv.神秘地，难以理解地18.________n.自由→________vt.释放；使自由；解放adj.自由的；免费的；空闲的adv.自由地；免费19.________vt.&vi.允许,准许,许可;使有可能n.许可证→________n.许可;批准;许可证→________adj.放任的;纵容的20.________n.责任，负责；职责，义务→________adj.有责任的，责任重大的，负责的21.________n.国籍；民族________n.国民，公民adj.国家的，全国的；国有的________n.国家；民族22.________n.进化；演变，发展→________v.逐步发展，逐渐演变；进化，进化形成I.重点短语1._____________参考，查阅;提到,谈及2._____________(使)加速3.payoff_____________4._____________偶然，意外地5._____________很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响6._____________使某人失望7.asto_____________8._____________想当然地认为，认为……理所当然9._____________提出，提议，建议10.makeadifferenceto_____________11.makecontributionsto_____________12.thanksto_____________13._____________死于……14.becauseof_____________15._____________放弃16.largeamountsof_____________17.drawon/upon_____________18._____________对……有益19.pointout_____________20._____________充分利用21.catchtheattentionof_____________22.farfrom_____________23.beknownfor_____________24.workout_____________25._____________经历；讨论；被通过；用完26._____________(以某种方式)发生；开火，爆炸27.looklike_____________28._____________期望……；盼望……29.atrisk_____________30.devoteoneselfto_____________31._____________对……来说是熟悉的32.providesb.withsth._____________Ⅲ.经典结构1.然而，直到20世纪70年代，在多次失败的实验之后，屠呦呦才成功地发现了青蒿素。However,________________________________the1970s________Tusucceededindiscoveringqinghaosu,aftermanyfailedexperiments.2.如果没有足够的中医和西医知识，屠呦呦可能永远不会发现青蒿素。________hersufficientknowledgeofbothtraditionalChinesemedicineandWesternmedicine,Tuqinghaosu.3.他观察到霉菌周围的细菌都死了。Heobservedthatthebacteria________________________weredead.4.最后，他的工作引起了其他一些能够做到这一点的科学家的注意。Finally,hisworkcaughttheattentionofsomeotherscientists________________________________________________.5.富兰克林让他的理论被许多人接受了。Franklin________________________________________________________.6.当然，如果我们做了善事，不仅归功于科学，还归功于引导我们行善的道德选择。Ofcourse,ifwemakegoodthings,itisnotonlytothecreditofscience;itisalsotothecreditofthemoralchoice________________________________goodwork.IV.长难句分析1.TuYouyouhasbecomethefirstfemalescientistofthePeople'sRepublicofChinatoreceiveaNobelPrize,awardedforhercontributiontothefightagainstmalaria,oneofthedeadliestdiseasesinhumanhistory.分析：该句为简单句。动词不定式短语toreceiveaNobelPrize作thefirstfemaleChinesescientist的_________；oneofthedeadliestdiseasesinhumanhistory作malaria的_________。句意：屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。她获奖是因为她在抗击疟疾中做出的贡献，疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。2.However,itwashardtoproduceenoughqinghaoextractforlargetrialsbecauseresearchresourceswerelimited.分析：该为主从复合句。it为_________，真正的主语是动词不定式短语toproduce...largetrials;because引导_________从句。句意：但由于研究资源有限，难以生产出足够的青蒿提取物进行大规模试验。3.InherNobelLecture,TuYouyoureferredtothestrengthsofbothChinesemedicineandWesternmedicine,andpointedoutthatthereisgreatpotentialforfutureadvancesifscientistsmakegooduseofthesestrengths.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中第二个and连接两个并列谓语;that引导_________从句，其中if引导_________从句。句意：屠呦呦在她的诺贝尔奖获奖感言中提到了中医和西医的优势，并指出，如果科学家充分利用这些优势，未来的进步潜力巨大。4.Neverconcernedthattheanswermayletusdown,withpleasureandconfidenceweturnovereachnewstonetofindunimaginedstrangenessleadingontomorewonderfulquestionsandmysteries.分析：该句为主从复合句。Neverconcernedthattheanswermayletusdown作_________，其中that引导_________；现在分词短语leadingonto...作名词strangeness的后置定语。句意：我们从不担心答案可能会令人失望，总是快乐而自信地开始每一次新探索，发现一些意想不到的、稀奇古怪的东西，随之而来的是更加奇妙的问题和奥秘。5.Itisourresponsibilityasscientists,knowingthegreatprogressthatisthefruitoffreedomofthought,todeclarethevalueofthisfreedom;toteachhowdoubtisnottobefearedbuttobewelcomedanddiscussed;andtodemandthisfreedomasourdutytoallcominggenerations.分析：该句为主从复合句。It为_________，真正的主语是todeclare...、toteach...、todemand...三个并列的不定式短语；knowingthegreatprogressthatisthefruitoffreedomofthought是现在分词短语作_________。句意：作为科学家，我们明白巨大进步源于思想自由，因此，我们有责任宣扬这种自由的价值；有责任教育人们不要害怕疑问，而应对疑问持欢迎态度并展开讨论；有责任强烈要求这种自由，这就是我们对后世的义务。V.必备语法1.________(surprise)bythis,Flemingperformedsometests.2.Theresultsindicatedthatsomething_________(produce)bythemouldhadkilledthebacteria.3.Hewasintelligentandexperiencedenoughtonoticeitspotential,andhishardworkanddeterminationhelpedgetitsmassProduction__________(start).Ⅱ.Languageendintentionn.[U,C]意图；目的；企图→intendvt.打算；意欲→intendedadj.有意的Inthe1960s,manypeopleweredyingofmalaria,andin1969Tubecameheadofateamthatintendedtofindacureforthedisease.在20世纪60年代，许多人死于疟疾。1969年屠呦呦担任了一个课题组的组长，该课题组计划找到该疾病的治疗方法。知识点【情景导学】Althoughheresearchescloning,hisintentionhasneverbeentocreatecopiesofhumans.尽管他研究克隆技术，但他的目的从来都不是制造人类的复制品。Theadvertisementisintendedforstudentsofallages.该广告针对的是所有年龄的学生。Sayyouintendtowatchafootballmatchbuttheticketsareexpensiveanditwilltakeyouacoupleofhourstogettoandfromthestadium.假设你想要去看一场足球赛，但票价很贵并且你到体育馆走一个来回需要花两个小时。Theyhadintendedtogointothecountryfortheday,butitwasputoffbyreportsoftrafficjams.他们本来打算那天到乡下去，但报道说交通拥堵，这件事就推迟了。HeleftEnglandwiththeintentionoftravellinginAfrica.他离开英格兰，打算去非洲旅行。havenointentiontodosth./ofdoingsth.无意做某事withtheintentionof抱有……目的；打算withoutintention无意中；不是故意地byintention故意地intendtodo/doingsth.打算做某事beintendedfor专为……设计hadintendedtodosth./intendedtohavedone本打算做某事【温馨贴士】intend，hope，expect，mean，plan，suppose，want等表示“打算”，“希望”，“预料”；“计划”，“想”的动词，它们的“过去完成时＋动词不定式”＝“一般过去时＋完成时不定式”，意为“原本打算/希望/想……”。【即时训练】Ⅰ.语境串词(1)Inever________thingstoturnoutthewaytheydidandIhadleftwiththe_________offindingabetterjobforher.(intend)Ⅱ.语法填空(2)DennisWilliamsreceivedatextthatclearlywasn’tintendedhim.

(3)Iintended(join)inaDragonBoatTrainingCamp.

(4)Thelaw(intend)toprotectyoungandimpressionableviewers.

(5)Peter________________(intend)totakeajobinbusiness,butgaveup.(同义句转换)(6)Peterintendedajobinbusiness,butgaveup.

Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools,appsandapproaches__________(intend)topreventscammersfromgettingthrough.2.ButwhenDennisWilliamsreceivedatextthatclearlywasn'tintended__________him,hedidsomethingspecial.3.I,onbehalfoftheRoboticsHobbyGroup,intend__________(invite)youtojoinourteaminthecomingcompetition.4.Youwriteanunkindmessageaboutsomeone,__________(intend)tosendittoafriend,butaccidentallysendittothepersonyou'rediscussing.Ⅲ.单句改错5.ThejourneywasintendedachievemorethanwhatCaptainRobertFalconScotthaddone.Ⅳ.翻译句子6.我想要强调的是我们团队正在招收新成员，我想邀请你加入。(intend)_____________________________________________________________________7.我写这封信的目的是想邀请你参加我们这几天要进行的一次远足。(intention)_____________________________________________________________________2.refertoreferv.提及；参照→referencen.提及；参考文献referto谈及，提到；与……相关，涉及；查阅，参考 【原文再现】IampleasedtohavethischancetodaytotalktoyouabouttheUnitedNations,ortheUN,asitismoreoftenreferredto.我很高兴今天有机会跟大家谈谈联合国，联合国也叫UN——这个名称更常用。Whentheyfailedtoproduceanypromisingresults,TureferredtotheancientbooksoftraditionalChinesemedicineagain.当它们没有产生任何预期的效果时，屠呦呦再次去查阅中医药典籍。【情景导学】Shereferredtoahistorybooktofindouttheexactdateoftheevent.她查阅了一本历史书以弄清该事件发生的确切日期。ThecasewasreferredtotheCourtofAppeal.这个案子被送交到了上诉法院。You'dbetterwritedownthephonenumberofthatrestaurantforfuturereference.你最好记下那家餐馆的电话号码，以备日后作参考。Thescientistreferredtothediscoveryasthemostexcitingnewdevelopmentinthisfield.这位科学家把这一发现称作是这个领域最令人兴奋的新发展。Inreferencetoyourletteryesterday,wecan'taccepttheoffer.关于你昨天的来信，我们不能接受信中的建议。(1)referto...as把……称为refersth./sb.tosth./sb.将……送交给(以求获得帮助等)(征询意见)(2)referencen.提及；查阅，参考；推荐信；介绍人in/withreferenceto(所述内容)关于【温馨贴士】“查词典”的表达方式还有：refertoadictionary;looksth.upinthedictionary。。【即时训练】Ⅰ.语法填空(1)Iamwritingtoyou_______referencetothejobopeninginyourdepartment.(2)Whenyouneedtorememberaphonenumber,ashoppinglistorasetofinstructions,yourelyonwhatpsychologistsandneuroscientistsreferto__________workingmemory.(3)Askyourteachertoactasoneofyour__________(refer)ifyouwanttojointheclub.(4)Mycomplaintwas________(refer)tothemanufacturers.(5)Inhisspeech,theCanadianversionofThanksgivinghereferredto______(prove)tousthatitisoftenseenasatimetosimplyrelaxandeatgoodfood.(6)Thetrend,then,wastowardthe“pennypaper"--atermreferring_______papersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.(7)Pleasedonotincludecovers.Alistof_________(refer)mustbeincluded.(8)WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize-whichisoftenreferredto_____theNobelPrizeinarchitecture--onFebruary28.(9)If,oneweekfromthedateofwrittennotice,thepetisnotremoved,thestudentwillbereferred______theStudentCourt.Ⅱ.单句改错1.Infact,traditionalsorefertothethingsthathavebeendevelopingandthatarestillbeingcreated.Ⅲ.翻译句子1.However,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewards.______________________________________________________________________3.speedspeedup加速;加快speedup加速;加快Newsflash:AnewservicehasjustopenedbetweenBeijingandDalianandthishasspeededuptravelbetweenthetwocities.新闻快讯:在北京和大连之间刚刚开通了一项新的列车服务,这加速了两个城市之间的旅行。athigh/low/full/topspeed以高/低/全/最高速ataspeedof以……速度pickupspeed/gatherspeed加速slowdown减速withallspeed尽快地at/withlightningspeed以闪电般的速度【即时训练】完成句子（1）他们将加快能源生产。Theywillenergyproduction.（2）突然停下可能是一次非常可怕的经历，尤其是你正在高速行进时。Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrighteningexperience,especiallyifyouaretravelling.（3）无线电波也以光速传播。Radiowavesalsotravel.4.payoffpayoff还清(债务);回报,成功;付清工资后解雇(某人)TheeffortsofTuandherteamfinallypaidoff.屠呦呦和其团队的努力终于有了回报。【情景导学】Allmyyearsoftrainingasanexplorerhavefinallypaidoff!我作为探险家的多年训练终于获得了回报！Theyhaveamortgagetopayoff.他们有一笔抵押贷款要还清。Shedidpart-timejobstogetmoremoneytopayforschool.她做兼职工作以挣更多的钱来支付学费。Youmayrelyonitthathewillpaybackallthedebts.你可以相信他会偿还所有的债务。Timepermitting,youcanpayavisittosomeplacesofinterestinHangzhou.如果时间允许，你可以在杭州参观一些有趣的地方。Studentsmustpayattentiontotheirsafetyonthewaytoschool.学生们在去学校的路上必须注意安全。归纳拓展payback偿还,报复payfor付款payup总算付清全部欠款payincash用现金支付payavisitto参观;拜访payattentionto注意;留心【即时训练】Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Becauseofourefforts，ourdaughterGeorgiadiddecidetodonatealargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemotherwasunabletopay__________herholidayduetoillness.2.WeboughtoneontheInternetactually.Butcouldyoupayus__________.3.HannahstillhasthenormallifeofaWinnipegschoolgirl,exceptthatshepaysregularvisits__________homelesspeople.4.Supposeyou’reinarush,feelingtired,not__________(pay)attentiontoyourscreen,andyousendanemailthatcould5.Tothinkheissleepingonthestreetstonightwhenhecouldhavestolenthemoneyandpaid_________aplacetostayin.6.Theynolongerpaidattention________thebirdandneverlearnedwhatitwasdoing.Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子Becauseofourefforts,ourdaughterGeorgiadiddecidetodonatealargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemotherwasunableto________________(支付)herholidayduetoillness.Ⅲ.选词填空8.Iwasreadyto_____________(payoff/payfor/payback)mybananasatthegroceryonenight,whenfearseizedme.9.Soitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelps__________(payoff/payfor/payback)research.benefitvt.&vi.使受益;得益于n.益处;救济金;资金→beneficialadj.有益的→【同】profitv.有益于；获利n.利润；利益benefitvt.&vi.使受益;得益于n.益处;救济金;奖金【原文再现】Alloftheseadsaremeanttobenefitthepublic,andyoucanoftenlearnalotbyfollowingtheadvicetheygive.所有这些广告旨在使公众受益,而且通过遵循它们提供的建议,你往往就能学到很多东西。归纳拓展benefitfrom从……中获益beofbenefitto...对……有益forone’sbenefit/forthebenefitofsb.为了帮助某人;为了某人的利益beneficialadj.有益的bebeneficialto对……有益【即时训练】I.语境填词Thesuggestionsfromyourteacherissurelyofgreat__________,fromwhichyouwill__________alot.IfIwereyou,Iwouldfollowwhateveris__________tomygrowth.(benefit)II.单句语法填空1.Theauthorbenefited__________hisexperienceinthedebateclub.2.Itis__________(benefit)tosomepeople,whileitputsothersintoadilemmaoverwhethertovoteornot.3.Thestudents__________(benefit)mostfromcollegearethosewhoaretotallyengagedinacademiclife,takingfulladvantageofthecollege’schancesandresources.6.surroundsurroundvt.围绕,环绕→surroundingn.环绕物adj.四周的,环绕的→surroundingsn.环境，周围的事物surroundvt.围绕,环绕【原文再现】(P18L2)Tosome,happinessisbeingsurroundedbyfamilyandfriends.对某些人来说,幸福就是有家人和朋友陪伴在自己身边。surround...with...使……包围……besurroundedby/with...被……包围surroundingadj.周围的surroundingsn.环境,周围的事物【即时训练】语法填空(1)The(surround)villageshavebeenabsorbedbythegrowingcity.

(2)I'llshowyouaroundtheGreatWall,forI'mfamiliarwiththe_______________(surround)there.(3)Hetriedtorunawaybutgaveupwhenhefoundhimself(surround).

(4)Myhometownisabeautifulvillage,which(surround)bygreenmountainsandclearwater.

(5)Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow,__________(surround)byhisfamily..

7.favour*favourn.赞同；支持；恩惠；偏袒v.赞成；偏爱；有利于，有助于→favourableadj.赞同的；支持的；讨人喜爱的Wouldanyonesaythatdevelopmentshouldbestoppedinfavourofnature?有人说为了保护自然就应该停止经济发展吗?asksb.afavour(＝askafavourofsb.)求某人帮一个忙doafavourforsb.(＝dosb.afavour)帮某人一个忙owesb.afavour欠某人的人情infavourof赞成，支持；主张inone’sfavour对某人有利favourableadj.有利的；赞许的；给人好印象的【即时训练】Ⅰ.语法填空(1)Whencircumstancesare_________(favour),wemustnotforgetthattherewillstillbedifficulties.(2)Hehopedthejudgmentwouldbe__________hisfavour.(3)Wouldyoudomethefavour___________(open)thewindow?Ⅱ.句型转换(4)MostofthemwereformyopinionwhileDavidwasagainstit.→Mostofthemwere____________________myopinionwhileDavidwasagainstit.(5)NowIwonderwhetheryoucoulddomeafavour.1→NowIwonderwhetheryoucould__________________________________________________.2→NowIwonderwhetherIcould________________________________________chargen.负责，掌管vt.&vi.充电；收费；猛冲vt.控告；谴责；使承担责任；使充满；把……记在账上→chargeableadj.应支付的，可控诉的Whenathunderstormapproached,thelightningwouldchargethekey.当雷雨来临时,闪电就会给钥匙充电。【情景导学】Youdon'thavetochargeyourmobilephoneallnight.你不必给手机整夜充电。Aslongasyoupayinadvance,wewon'tchargeyoufordelivery.只要你预先付款，我们就不收你送货费。Themanwhohadtakenchargeofthecompanywaschargedwithtakingdrugs.曾经掌管这家公司的那个人被指控吸毒。ThecompanyisinthechargeofTomwhilethebossisaway.=Tomisinchargeofthecompanywhilethebossisaway.老板不在时汤姆负责这家公司。【归纳拓展】①inchargeof__________________②inthechargeof__________________③freeofcharge免费④takechargeof__________________⑤chargesb./sth._______为……向某人/某物要价⑥chargesb._______(doing)sth.控告/指责某人(做)某事Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny--usuallytwoorthreecents________(charge)--andsomeoftheolderwell-knownpaperschargedfiveorsixcents.2.Farfrom_________(charge)consumershighprices,manyoftheseservicesarefree(userspay,ineffect,byhandingoveryetmoredata).Ⅱ.单句改错3Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfofwhatitusedtocharging.Dependingonthetypeofallergiesand/ordietaryrequirements,anextrachargesmaybemadeforprovidingspecialfood.翻译句子在两周的时间里，我们举办了一系列关于学习和运动的活动，其中一些是由英国学生负责的。_____________________________________________________________9.involve参与10.credit信誉11.apply应用*applyvi.申请vt.使用,应用→appliedadj.应用的→applicationn.申请(书);应用→applicantn.申请人，应聘人In1998,heappliedtobeamemberofProject921,whichisnowcalledShenzhou.1998年他申请成为“921”计划(现名“神舟”计划)的成员。归纳拓展applysth.tosth.把某物应用(涂抹)于……applyto适用于;申请applyto...for...向……申请applyoneselfto(=beappliedto)致力于/集中精力于……applicationn.应用;申请;敷用applicantn.申请人【即时训练】I.语境串词Interestedinthissubject,he__________tojointheresearchteam.Unfortunately,thoughthepromisedhewould__________himselftothisresearch,his__________wasrejected,astherewasanother__________whowasmorequalifiedfortheresearch.(apply)II.单句语法填空1.TheOnlineregistrationfeaturedoesnotapply__________evaluationregistration.2.Youcouldapply__________(be)aStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.3.However,technologyisalsothe__________(apply)ofscientificknowledgetosolveaproblem，touchinglivesincountlessways.4.Itcanalsobepriceyiftheschoolsyouare__________(apply)tohappentobemorethanacarrideaway.5.Hewasoneof30__________(apply)forthemanager’sjob.12.permit*permissionn.准许；许可→permitvt.准许；许可permissionn.准许;许可;批准【原文再现】SincenoonereallyknowswhetherGMfoodissafe,manycountrieshavehesitatedtogivepermissionfortheproductionofGMfoods,astheywouldratherbecautiouswiththisnewtechnology.既然没有人确切知道转基因食品是否安全，对于生产转基因食品，很多国家都犹豫不决，因为对于这项新技术，他们宁愿小心谨慎。permitv.允许；许可n.通行证；许可证；执照permitsb.todo...允许某人做……permitdoingsth.允许做某事permitsb.sth.允许某人做某事applyforapermit申请许可证askforpermission请求许可withoutpermission未经许可Weather/Timepermitting,...天气/时间允许，……【即时训练】Ⅰ.语境串词(1)Weneedtoaskourparentsfor__________beforewestartthehike.Iftheydon't______ustotakeajourney,wemustwaitforanothertime.Andbytheway,ifyouwanttocampintheparkduringthehike,you'dbetterapplytosomedepartmentconcernedfora______.(permit)Ⅱ.语法填空(2)Theownersdon'tpermit_______(park)carsinfrontoftheshops.(3)Without__________(permit),youcan'ttakethematerialsaway.(4)Passengersarepermitted________(carry)onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.(5)IneedtocallmyDadandask___permissionbeforewegoout.13.responsibilityresponsibilityn.责任；职责；义务→responsibleadj.有责任的，应负责的→irresponsibleadj.不负责任的Theythinkofgreedybusinessmenhidingfromtheirresponsibilitiesandonlyworryingaboutmoney.他们想到贪婪的商人逃避他们的责任，只想到钱。havetheresponsibilitytodo有责任/有义务做bear/take(on)theresponsibilityfor承担对……的责任，为……负责hidefromone'sresponsibility逃避责任asenseofresponsibility责任感responsibleadj.有责任的，应负责任的beresponsiblefor应对……负责；对……有责任【即时训练】Ⅰ.语境串词(1)MrBlackisthemanageroftheproject.Heis___________forthewholeproject.Ifanythinggoeswrong,hewilltake______________forit.(responsible)Ⅱ.完成句子(2)Asamanager,youshould____________________________________forpersonnel.作为经理，你应该对职员全面负责。(3)Hehas__________________________________________.他丝毫没有责任感。(4)Parents______________________theirchildren'ssafety.父母应该对孩子的安全负责。14.survivaln.生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物Thankstoherdiscoveryofqinghaosu,malariapatientsallovertheworldnowhavehadagreatlyincreasedchanceofsurvival.由于她发现了青蒿素，现在，世界各地疟疾患者的生存机会有了极大的增加。【情景导学】Determiningwhereweareinrelationtooursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillforoursurvival.通过对比我们周围的环境来确定我们的位置仍然是我们生存的一项重要技能。Survivorsoftheaccidentwererushedtothenearesthospitalinnotime.事故的幸存者立刻被急速送往最近的医院。Somestrangecustomshavesurvivedfromearliertimes.一些奇怪的风俗是从更早些的时候流传下来的。It'ssaidthatthewomansurvivedherhusbandby10years.据说这位女士比她的丈夫多活了10年。Ofallthemuseum'spaintings,onlyonesurvivedthefire.在这次火灾中，该博物馆的全部藏画仅有一幅幸免于难。【归纳拓展】①survivevi.生存，存活；继续存在vt.&vi.__________；从……中挺/活过来；艰难度过vt.比……活的时间长②survive_________从……中存活下来，从……流传下来③AsurviveB_______...A比B活得长……（多长时间）④survivorn._____________Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.BaptisteDubanchetisbikingacrossEurope,__________(survive)entirelyondiscarded(丢弃)food.2.Afterall,noteveryonehasrealizedthatwildlifehasthoughts,feelings,andmostimportantly,equalrights__________(survive).3.Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking;__________(survive)isnevercertain.4.Forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchancefor__________(survive)ishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.Ⅱ.翻译句子5.Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies,itcansurvivetheextinction(火绝)ofoneofthem.__________________________________________________________15.limitedadj.有限的However,itwashardtoproduceenoughqinghaoextractforlargetrialsbecauseresearchresourceswerelimited.但由于研究资源有限，难以生产出足够的青蒿提取物进行大规模试验。【情景导学】Lifeislimited,butthereisnolimittoservingthepeople.生命是有限的，但是为人民服务是无限的。Withinthelimitsoflegalrights,peoplearefreetodoastheyplease.在法权范围内，人们可以自由地做他们高兴做的事。Ibelieveteachingshouldnotbelimitedtotheclassroom.我认为教学不应该局限在教室里。Someofthemwerelatersold,inordertolimitthenumberofponiesaccordingtotherulessetbyNaturalEngland.根据NaturalEngland设置的规定，为了限制小型马的数量，其中的一些后来被卖掉了。Thisisacheapandpotentiallylimitlesssupplyofenergy.这是一种廉价而又潜力无限的能源供给。【归纳拓展】①limitvt.限制；限定；制约；限量n.限度，限制；极限；限量；界限，范围②limit...to...把……限制在……内③belimitedto...____________④withinthelimitsof____________⑤thereisnolimitto(doing)sth.(做)某事是没有极限的⑥limitlessadj.无限制的Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.AndI'vefoundthatthepossibilitiesthatliewithinbooksare__________(limit).2.Nearly40percentofjazzloversliveoutsideoftheDallascity__________(limit)anddriveorflyintoenjoyaneveningintheBishopArtsDistrict.3.Now,severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforoptingout.Butnoonedoesenough__________(limit)exemptions.4.Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyfor__________(limit)medicalorreligiousreasons.Ⅱ.单句改错5.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitedelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.Ⅲ.翻译句子6.Withhertalentanddetermination,itappearsthattheskycouldbethelimitforAliceMoore.________________________________________________________________参考答案：Ⅰ.DictationⅠ.(A)1.end4.herb5.experiment6.trial7.household8.postpone9.accident10.favour11.metal12.charge13.involve14.credit15.moral16.authority17.declare18.publish19.marriage(B)1.疟疾2.省，省份3.提取物；选录提取；选录；取出；设法得到4.数据，资料，材料5.说明，解释；加插图于6.青霉素，盘尼西林7.霉菌；模具；类型浇铸；塑造8.细菌9.闪电10.雷雨，雷暴11.带子，丝带；带状物12.突然的巨响；猛敲，猛击砸；砰地关上；猛摔；碰撞13.突出的突出的人(或物)14.原子能的；原子的15.炸弹；核武器轰炸16.罪恶，罪行；害处，坏处恶毒的；有害的；恶魔的(C)1.deadly;dead;death2.survival;survive3.limited;limit;limitation4.container;contain5.sufficient;sufficiency;sufficiently6.wisdom;wise;wisely7.beneficial;benefit;beneficially8.conduct;conduction;conductive9.surround;surrounding;surroundings10.indicate;indication;el