上海市北郊高级中学2022年高一英语测试题含解析

上海市北郊高级中学2022年高一英语测试题含解析一、选择题1.Mr.Stevensonisgreattoworkfor---Ireallycouldn’taskfora_______boss.A.worse

B.better

C.best

D.worst参考答案：B2.Itisbeyondmy

tounderstandhowthecomputerworks．

A．strength

B．power

C．energy

D．force参考答案：B3.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks_____couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.A.openedandclosed

B.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosed

D.toopenandclose参考答案：C4.Thisissuchanimportantgameforourteamthatwecan’t_____toloseit

A.survive

B.afford

C.offer

D.manage参考答案：B5.

LindaworkedforMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,_____as3M。A.knowing

B.known

C.beingknown

D.tobeknown参考答案：B解析：本题考察过去分词短语作定语。这个句子的意思为：琳达曾经为一个被称为3M的公司工作过，也就是明尼苏达机器制造和矿业公司。6.Idon’tlike____youspeaktoher.

A.theway

B.thewayinthat

C.thewaywhich

D.thewayof参考答案：A7.What________mostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.

A.important

B.matters

C.allows

D．forgives参考答案：B8.Thewool______sweatersfeelsrough.

A.usedtomake

B.usedtomaking

C.isusedtomake

D.isusedtomaking参考答案：A

9.InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeans________foranotherhour.A.waiting

B.towaitC.wait

D.tobewaiting参考答案：试题分析：考查词组：meandoing意味着做…，句意：在伦敦的某些地方，错过一辆公共汽车就意味着再等一辆。选A。考点：考查词组点评：动词mean后面既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词做宾语，但含义不一样，meandoing“意味着做…”,meantodo打算做…，注意结合句意进行区分。10.Everypossiblemeans_____toworkouttheproblem,butitistoodifficultforus.

A.isused

B.areused

C.hasbeenused

D.havebeenused参考答案：C11.―DidyoulistentoBarbara’sspeech?

―Yes,Ihaveneverhearda____one.A.good B.better C.best D.well参考答案：B12.Halfoftheclass

donemostofthework.Theleft

ratherdifficult.A.has;is

B.have;is

C.have;are参考答案：B考查主谓一致。一半的同学完成了大部分工作，余下的相当难。class同学们，表示复数含义，谓语用复数;

the

left余下的，the

+adj.指事物时，看作单数，故选B。13.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldtakeequalresponsibility,andthatis_______Idisagree.A.why B.whereC.what D.how参考答案：B【详解】考查表语从句。句意：你是说每个人都应该承担平等的责任，这正是我不同意的地方。disagree是一个不及物动词，不能直接加宾语，故空格处是作状语，根据语境，空格处表示地点，故选B。14.-WhatdoyouthinkoftheworkIdid?A.

Iwasoffwork

B.

IhaveasweetteethC.It’skindofyou.

D.Itcouldn'tbebetter参考答案：D15.5womenand20men___theteam.Thatistosay,theteam_____5womenand20men.A.makeup;consistsof

B.ismadeupof;isconsistedofC.ismadeupof;isconsistedof D.makeupof;consistsof参考答案：D16.Itwaswhenshewassleepinginherbedroom__________athiefbrokeintothehouse.

A.which

B.that

C.where

D.than参考答案：B略17._____Pollyobservedthepassengersonthetrain,shehadafeeling_______shewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkovercoat.A.As,whether

B.That,as

C.As,that

D.That,it

参考答案：C略18.By2020,Chinese______tothelistoflanguagesinIreland’snationalexams.Aisadded

B,willbeadded

Chasbeenadded

D.willadd参考答案：B19.Studiesshowpeoplewholikesmokingaremore

tohavealowerIQthanthosewhodon’tsmokeatall.A.probable

B.possibleC.willing

D.likely参考答案：D考查固定搭配。句意：研究表明喜欢吸烟的人比那些不喜欢抽烟的人智商更低。belikelytodosth.很可能做某事，故选D。二、完型填空20.Ithinkthatsleepingisperhapsthemostcomfortablethingintheworld.While___21___,Iwilldonothingbutclosemyeyes,leavingallthetroublebehind.However,I___22___getupearlyalmosteverymorning.Myclassbeginsat8:00am,buttheteacherasksustoarriveattheschoolbefore7:15am,sowewillhave___23___timetopreparefortheclasses.Ifyouare___24___,thenyouwillloseonepoint.Andwhenyoulose10___25___,yourparents’visittoschoolwillbeamust.ThoughIthinkit’s___26___toarrivesoearly,Istilldon’twanttoloseanypoints.Onemorning,myalarmclock___27___towork.I___28___withastart(吃惊)andfoundthatitwasalready7:00.Ihadlosttwopointsthatweek,thatistosay,Iwouldlosethreepointsina___29___.Myteachersaidthathe___30___

metobelatethatmorning.Andmyfriendsjokedthatmy___31___wascomingsoon.Ifinally___32___todosomethingtochangethis.Iboughtanewalarmclock.Itsingssongsontimeeverymorning___33___Iturnitoff.Thenewalarmclockisperfectforalazycatlikeme.ThefirsttimeI___34___it,Iwasabletogetupat6:00thenextmorning.Proudof___35___,Itookadeepbreathandfoundthattheairintheearlymorningissurprisingly___36___.IreadsomeEnglishbooks,___37___thatmorningisreallyfitforreadingEnglish.Ihadn’trealized___38___thatmorningissowonderful.“Lifeis___39___aboxofchocolates.Youneverknowwhatyou’regoingtoget,”justasForrestGumpsaid.Sometimesifyoumakea___40___,youmayfindthatthingswillendupwiththebetter.21.A.tired

B.asleep

C.silent

D.awake22.A.shall

B.may

C.usedto

D.haveto23.A.enough

B.little

C.afew

D.no24.A.lazy

B.sleepy

C.late

D.noisy25.A.times

B.points

C.days

D.classes26.A.surprising B.impossible

C.interesting

D.unnecessary27.A.failed

B.lied

C.sounded

D.disagreed28.A.fellasleep

B.lookedaround

C.wokeup

D.laydown29.A.class

B.day

C.week

D.school30.A.believed

B.expected

C.advised

D.allowed31.A.exam

B.mistake

C.duty

D.day32.A.decided

B.hoped

C.offered

D.preferred33.A.unless

B.if

Cevenif

D.onlyif34.A.had

B.used

C.watched

D.bought35.A.itself

B.them

C.myself

D.us36.A.cool

B.warm

C.comfortable

D.fresh37.A.finding

B.thinking

C.guessing

D.wondering38.A.already

B.yet

C.ago

D.before39.A.as

B.like

C.from

D.with40.A.rule

B.living

C.change

D.way参考答案：21.B

22.D

23.A

24.C

25.B

26.D

27.A

28.C

29.C

30.B

31.D

32.A

33.A

34.B

35.C

36.D

37.A

38.D

39.B

40.C这篇短文讲述我由于迟到丢了积分，决定改变自己，早起发现早晨空气清新，适合朗读英语，认识到改变一下会发现生活会更美好。21.考查形容词辨析。句意：睡觉的时候，我什么也不做，只闭上眼睛，把所有的烦恼都留在身后。A.tired疲倦的；B.asleep睡着的；C.silent沉默的；D.awake醒着的。根据第一句提到睡觉是最舒服的事，可知此处表示睡觉的时候。故选B.22.考查副词辨析及上下文推理。句意：但是，我几乎每天早上都要早起。A.shall应，将；B.may也许；C.usedto过去经常；D.haveto不得不。根据下文中的“theteacherasksustoarriveattheschoolbefore7:15am”可推知，“我”每天都要早起。故选D.23.考查形容词辨析。句意：我的课程从早上8点开始，但是老师要求我们在早上7点15分之前到达学校，所以我们有足够的时间来准备上课。A.enough足够的；B.little完全不；C.afew一些，几个；D.no不。根据7点15分到校，8点才上课，可推知有充足的时间做课前准备。故选A.24.考查形容词辨析。句意：如果你迟到了，你就会失去一分。A.lazy懒惰的；B.sleepy困倦的；C.late晚的；D.noisy吵闹的。根据下文提到迟到了失去了积分，可知迟到一次会失去一分。故选C.25.考查名词辨析及上下文推理。句意：当你失去10分的时候，你的父母必须去学校。A.times次数；B.points积分；C.days天；D.classes班。根据上文中的“youwillloseonepoint”可知，失去10分你的父母会被叫到学校。故选B.26.考查形容词辨析。句意：虽然我认为这么早到达是没有必要的，但我还是不想失去任何积分。A.surprising令人吃惊的；B.impossible不可能的；C.interesting令人吃惊的；D.unnecessary不必要的。根据句意可知，自己不愿被扣积分，虽然认为没有必要到校那么早。故选D.27.考查动词辨析。句意：一天早上，我的闹钟没响。A.failed失败；B.lied撒谎；C.sounded听起来；D.disagreed不同意。根据下文“Iboughtanewalarmclock.”推知，此处表示闹铃坏了，没有响。故选A.28.考查动词辨析。句意：我一觉醒来，发现已经7点了。A.fellasleep睡觉；B.lookedaround四下观望；C.wokeup醒来；D.laydown放下。根据语境可知，当自己醒来很吃惊，发现已经7点了。故选C.29.考查名词辨析。句意：这周我已经丢了两分，也就是说，我一周之内会丢掉三分。A.class班；B.day天；C.week周；D.school学校。根据语境可知，本周已经丢了两分，现在迟到又丢一分，所以一周之内丢失三分。故选C.30.考查动词辨析。句意：我的老师说他预料到我那天早上迟到。A.believed相信；B.expected预料；C.advised建议；D.allowed允许。根据语境可知，我连续失分，所以推知此处表示老师预料到自己会迟到。故选B.31.考查名词辨析。句意：我的朋友们开玩笑说我的日子快到了。A.exam考试；B.mistake错误；C.duty职责；D.day天。根据上文提到被扣10分就会被叫家长，自己一周失去了三分，所以推知此处表示自己被叫家长的日子快到了。故选D.32.考查动词辨析。句意：我最终决定做点什么来改变这一点。A.decided决定；B.hoped希望；C.offered提供；D.preferred更喜欢。由于自己再不改变现状就会别叫家长，所以推知此处表示“我”决定要改变。故选A.33.考查连词辨析。句意：除非我把它关掉，否则它每天早上都会唱歌。A.unless除非；B.if如果；C.evenif即使；D.onlyif只要…就。根据语境可知，买来的新闹钟早上一直在响，除非你关掉它。故选A.34.考查动词辨析。句意：第一次用的时候，我第二天早上6点就起床了。A.had有；B.used使用；C.watched观看；D.bought买。根据句意可知，此处表示我用它的时候。故选B.35.考查代词辨析。句意：我为自己感到骄傲，深深地吸了一口气，发现清晨的空气出奇的清新。A.itself它自己；B.them他们；C.myself我自己；D.us我们。我做到了改变，所以推知我对自己感到改变。故选C.36.考查形容词辨析及生活常识。句意：我为自己感到骄傲，深深地吸了一口气，发现清晨的空气出奇的清新。A.cool凉爽的；B.warm温暖的；C.comfortable舒适的；D.fresh新鲜的。根据语境及生活常识可知早上的空气是清新的。故选D.37.考查动词辨析。句意：我读了一些英语书，发现那个早晨非常适合阅读英语。A.finding发现；B.thinking思考，想；C.guessing猜；D.wondering想知道。根据上文提到自己觉得可没有必要那么早到校，可知突然发现早上适合朗读英语。故选A.38.考查副词辨析。句意：那天早上我还没有意识到这是多么美妙的事情。A.already已经；B.yet还；C.ago…之前；D.before…之前。根据语境可知，在这一天之前，“我”没有意识到这么美好的事情。根据before用于完成时，ago用于一般过去时。故选D.39.考查介词辨析。句意：生活就像一盒巧克力。A.as当作；B.like像；C.from从；D.with用，随着。此处应该用一个介词，表示“像”。故选B.40.考查名词辨析。句意：有时候，如果你做出了改变，你会发现事情最终会变得更好。A.rule规则；B.living生存；C.change改变；D.way方法，道路。根据句意可知，有时如果你做出改变，你或许发现事情会变得更好。故选C.【名师点睛】完形填空题的命题特点及答题方法：1.侧重基础知识，考查学生语言知识的能力完形填空以文入手，结合文章的内容考查学生的基础知识，主要是词语搭配、固定句型、近义词辨析、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力，其中考查实词居多。2.上下文对照，考查学生捕捉关键词的能力解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要注意句子间的关系及句子与段落的关系。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。3.设置语境，考查学生的分析推理能力旨在考查学生在选项都符合语法及句子结构的情况下能否利用前后语境去推断出正确答案。如小题7，文中没有具体的相关信息，通过下文“Iboughtanewalarmclock.”推知，此处表示闹铃坏了，没有响。4.结合生活，考查学生利用常识题的能力目的考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。如小题16，文中没有提到相关的信息，但是通过学生的日常生活积累，可知早上的空气是清新的。5.关注连词，考查学生对行文逻辑、句子关联的理解能力此项用来考查学生在缺少连词的情况想，通过阅读能否理解句子的与句子的关系，是否了解行文逻辑的要求，能否掌握表示因果、转折、并列、条件、让步等的连词的用法。21.阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项（Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ和Ｄ）中选出最佳选项。Whendescribingpeople,weoftenusethethreecommonwords:men,women,children.___41_ofusagreethatboysandgirlsshouldhave__42__rights.Butinalmosteverysocietyinthe__43__,girlsaretreatedlesswellthanboys.__44__,peoplepaidlittleattentiontodifferences__45__boysandgirlsandthewaysin_46__theyweretreated.However,recentresearch__47__thatgirlsreceivelessattentionthanboysinmatter__48__asschooling,health,jobsandearnings.__49__girlswerevaluedandtreatedaswellasboys,therewouldbe_50__another100millionwomenintheworld.[]In___51_countriesoftheworld,girlslivewithfamilies__52__whomtheyworkasservants.They_53___twelvehoursaday,oftenreceiveno__54__,havenobedroomoftheirownandarenot__55__torunaway.Whydoethishappen?The__56__isthatpoorfamilieswholiveinthecountry__57__notbeabletohaveenoughfoodforalltheirchildren.Sogirlsare___58___tofamiliesintownstowork__59__servants.InHaitithereare109,000children,__60__girls,aged5-18wholivewithrichfamiliesandworkfornothing.

41

ANone

BFewCMost

DEveryone42

AdifferentBsafeCfairDequal43

AworldBfamilyCtown

Dcountry44

AInfact

BInallCIntheendDInthepast45

AbothBbetweenCfrom

Dabout46

Ahow

Bwhat

CwhichDthose47

Athinks

BimaginesCimprovesDproves48

Ajust

BsuchCthesameDso49

AIf

BEvenifCUnlessDWhen50

AatlastBatmostCatleastDatonce51

AnoBany

CallDmany52

AwithBfor

CbyDfrom53

AworkBliveCspendDneed54

Ahelp

Bhope

CattentionDmoney55

Aallowed

BforbiddenCableDfree56

AreasonBfact

CquestionDproblem57

AcanBmayCmustDshould58

AfedBdevotedCsentDfit59

AonBasCwithDfor60

AsentBalmost

CnearlyDsurely参考答案：41-45CDADB

46-50CDBAC

51-55DBADC

56-60ABCBA三、阅读理解22.阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。[1]IfyouthinkEnglishmeansendlessnewwords,difficultgrammarandsometimesstrangepronunciation,youarewrong.Haven’tyounoticedthatyouhavebecomesmartersinceyoustartedtolearnalanguage?[2]AccordingtoanewstudybyaBritishuniversity,learningasecondlanguagecanleadtoanincreaseinyourbrainpower.Researchersfoundthatlearningotherlanguageschangesgreymatter.Thisistheareaofthebrainwhichprocessesinformation.Itissimilartothewaythatexercisebuildsmuscles.[3]Theresearchersalsofoundtheeffectisgreaterontheyoungerpeoplewholearnasecondlanguage.[4]AteamledbyDr.AndreaMechelli,fromUniversityCollegeLondon,tookagroupofBritonswhoonlyspokeEnglish.Theywerecomparedwithagroupof“earlybilinguals(通两种语言的人)”,whohadlearntasecondlanguagebeforetheageoffive,aswellasanumberoflaterlearners.[5]Scansshowedthatgreymatterdensity（密度）inthebrainwasgreaterinbilingualsthaninpeoplewithout_________.Butthelongerapersonwaitedbeforemasteringanewlanguage,thesmallerthedifferencewas.[6]“Ourfindingssuggestthatthestructureofthebrainischangedbytheexperienceoflearningasecondlanguage,”saidthescientists.[7]Itmeansthatthechangeitselfincreasestheabilitytolearn.[8]ProfessorDylanVaughanJonesoftheUniversityofWales,hasresearchedthelinkbetweenbilingualismandmathsskills.Havingtwolanguagesgivesyoutwowindowsontheworldandmakesthebrainmoreflexible,”hesaid,“Youareactuallygoingbeyondlanguageandhaveabetterunderstandingofdifferentideas.”76．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?（nomorethan10words）___________________________________________________________________________77．Completethefollowingstatementwithproperwords.（nomorethan4words）Masteringtwolanguagescanbroadenyourviewsintheworldandmakes_____________78．FillintheblankinParagraph5withproperwords．（nomorethan4words）__________________________________________________________________79．WhatdoyouthinkofEnglishlearningafteryoureadthispassage?（nomorethan10words）_______________________________________________________________________________80．Whatdoestheword"they"（Line2,Paragraph4）probablyreferto?（nomorethan5words）__________________参考答案：76．LearningaSecondLanguagewillimproveyourbrainpower.77.thebrainmoreflexible78.(learning)asecondlanguage79.LearningEnglishcanleadtoanincreaseinourbrainpower.80.AgroupofBritons.略23.

EdmundHalleywasanEnglishscientistwholivedover200yearsago.Hestudiedtheobservationsofcomets(彗星)whichotherscientistshadmade.Theorbitofoneparticularcometwasaverydifficultmathematicalproblem.Hecouldnotfigureitout.Neithercouldotherscientistswhodealtwithsuchproblems.

However,HalleyhadafriendnamedIsaacNewton,whowasabrilliantmathematician.Newtonthoughthehadalreadyworkedoutthatproblem,buthecouldnotfindthepapersonwhichhehaddoneit.HetoldHalleythattheorbitofacomethadtheshapeofanellipse(椭圆形).

NowHalleysettowork.Hefiguredout(解决，计算出)theorbitsofsomeofthecometsthathadbeenobservedbyscientists.Hemadeasurprisingdiscovery.Thecometsthathadappearedintheyears1531,1607,and1682allhadthesameorbit.Yettheirappearancehadbeen75to76yearsapart.

ThisseemedverystrangetoHalley.Threedifferentcometsfollowedthesameorbit.ThemoreHalleythoughtaboutit,theorehisthoughtthattherehadbeenthreedifferentcometsaspeoplethought.Hedecidedthattheyhadsimplyseenthesamecometthreetimes.Thecomethadgoneawayandhadcomebackagain.

Itwasanastonishingidea!Halleyfeltcertainthoughtomakeaprediction(预言)ofwhatwouldhappeninthefuture.Hedecidedthatthiswouldappearintheyear1758.Therewere53yearstogobeforeHalley’spredictioncouldbetested.In1758thecome