ER企业资源计划 英文

TSLSchoolofBusinessandInformationTechnologyDr.ZhonghuiOuyang2006年4月EnterpriseResourcePlanning(ERP)企业资源计划

1/17/20231推荐教材和参考书：《ERP应用教程》，许建钢、王新玲、张清华、武兴兵、周晓红等，电子工业出版社2004年1月出版《ERP原理.设计.实施(第2版)》，罗鸿王忠民，电子工业出版社2004年6月出版；MaximizingYourERPSystem:APracticalGuideforManagers》,ScottHamilton,McGraw-Hill1/17/20232ThePositionofERPinYour4YRStudyAtypecourses

EconomicsBizEnglishManagementHRBehaviorofConsumerAccountingMarketB2BTSBIT’sGraduateStudentB2CSCMCRMERPElectronicCommerceLinearAlgebraCalculusSeCMGraduateSchoolsPublicSectorsCompaniesBusinessInformation1/17/20233ThePositionofERPWithinCIPComprehensiveInformationPlatform(CIP,大信息平台）ElectronicCommerce(EC,电子商务）PDMOA(办公自动化）MIS(管理信息系统）3C(CAD/CAPP/CAE）ERPCRMSeCMSCMKNOWLEDGEBASEB2CB2BB2GB2M1/17/20234Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理论的形成)2.1BasicMRP(基本MRP)2.2Closed-loopMRP(闭环MRP)*2.3Manufacturingresourceplanning（MRP-II）(制造资源计划)*2.4EnterpriseResourcePlanning（ERP）(企业资源计划)*Chapter3:BasicConcepts(基本概念)3.1Itemnumber(物料编码

)3.2BillofMaterials（BOM）(物料清单)*3.3WorkCenter（工作中心）3.4LeadTimeandPlanningExpectation(提前期与计划展望期

)3.5Routing(工艺路线)3.6IndependentDemandandDependentDemand(独立需求与相关需求)3.7ShopCalendar(工作日历)EnterpriseResourcePlanning(ERP)(Week1)1/17/20235Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理论的形成)60’s:Safeinventory(tomeetthereq.betweenrequirementandorderleadtime)70’s:Materialrequirementsplanning(MRP)80’s:Closed-loopMRP(闭环MRP)80’s:Controlproductionandinventory-Manufacturingresourceplanning(MRP-II)90’s:EnterpriseResourcePlanning（ERP）00’s:UnionResourcePlanning(URP)orComprehensiveInformationPlatform(CIP,大信息平台）2.0FormationHistoryofERP1/17/20236Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理论的形成)2.1BasicMRP(基本MRP)WhatisMRP?MRPcalculatesandmaintainsanoptimummanufacturingplanbasedonmasterproductionschedules,salesforecasts,inventorystatus,openordersandbillsofmaterialComputerizedInventoryControlProductionPlanningSystemManagementInformationSystemManufacturingControlSystem1/17/20237Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理论的形成)2.1BasicMRP(基本MRP)1/17/20238Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理论的形成)2.1BasicMRP(基本MRP)ReduceInventoryLevelsReduceComponentShortagesImproveShippingPerformanceImproveCustomerServiceImproveProductivitySimplifiedandAccurateSchedulingReducePurchasingCostImproveProductionSchedulesReduceManufacturingCostReduceLeadTimesLessScrapandReworkHigherProductionQualityWhatcanMRPdo?1/17/20239Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理论的形成)2.1BasicMRP(基本MRP)WhatcanMRPdo?ImproveCommunicationImprovePlantEfficiencyReduceFreightCostReductioninExcessInventoryReduceOvertimeImproveSupplySchedulesImproveCalculationofMaterialRequirementsImproveCompetitivePosition1/17/202310Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理理论论的的形形成成)2.1BasicMRP(基基本本MRP)ThreeBasicStepsofMRPIdentifyingRequirementsRunningMRP––CreatingtheSuggestionsFirmingtheSuggestions1/1/202311Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理理论论的的形形成成)2.1BasicMRP(基基本本MRP)Step1:IdentifyingtheRequirementsQuantityonHandQuantityonOpenPurchaseOrderQuantityin/orPlannedforManufacturingQuantityCommittedtoExistingOrdersQuantityForecasted1/1/202312Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理理论论的的形形成成)2.1BasicMRP(基基本本MRP)Step1:ImportantInformationMRPis……..CompanySensitiveLocationSensitiveDateSensitive1/1/202313Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理理论论的的形形成成)2.1BasicMRP(基基本本MRP)Step2:RunningMRP––CreatingtheSuggestionsCriticalItemsExpediteItemsDelayItems1/1/202314Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理理论的形形成)2.1BasicMRP(基基本MRP)Step3:FirmingtheSuggestionsManufacturingOrdersPurchasingOrdersVariousReports1/1/202315OverviewoftheMRPSystemProductStructureFileMasterProductionScheduleInventoryMasterFileMaterialRequirementsPlanningManufacturingOrdersPurchaseOrdersVariousReports1/1/202316Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理论的的形成)2.1BasicMRP(基基本MRP)MRPInputsProductStructureFileMasterProductionScheduleInventoryMasterFile1/1/202317Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理理论论的的形形成成)2.1BasicMRP(基基本本MRP)ProductStructureFileBillofMaterials1/1/202318Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理理论论的的形形成成)2.1BasicMRP(基基本本MRP)MasterProductionScheduleScheduleofFinishedProductsRepresentsProduction,notDemandCombinationofCustomerOrdersandDemandForecastsWhatNeedstobeProduced1/1/202319Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理理论论的的形形成成)2.1BasicMRP(基基本本MRP)InventoryMasterFileOn-HandQuantitiesOn-OrderQuantitiesLotSizesSafetyStockLeadTimePast-UsageFigures1/1/202320Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理论论的形形成)MRPProcessSchedulestheProductionofallitemsusinganMRPMatrixItem:Low-LevelCode:LotSize:LeadTime:PD12345GrossRequirementsScheduledReceiptsProjectedonHandNetRequirementsPlannedOrderReceiptsPlannedOrderReleases1/1/202321Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理论论的形形成)2.1BasicMRP(基本本MRP)2.2Closed-loopMRP(闭环环MRP)*2.3Manufacturingresourceplanning（（MRP-II）(制制造资资源计计划)*2.4EnterpriseResourcePlanning（（ERP））(企企业资资源计计划)*Chapter3:BasicConcepts(基本本概念念)3.1Itemnumber(物料料编码码)3.2BillofMaterials（BOM）(物料料清单单)*3.3WorkCenter（工工作中中心））3.4LeadTimeandPlanningExpectation(提提前期期与计计划展展望期期)3.5Routing(工艺艺路线线)3.6IndependentDemandandDependentDemand(独立立需求求与相相关需需求)3.7ShopCalendar(工作作日历历)EnterpriseResourcePlanning(ERP)(Week1)1/1/202322Chapter3:BasicConcepts(基本概念念)3.1Itemnumber(物料编码码)Figure1.Figure2.TechInfoofMaterialInventoryInfoofMaterialPlanManagementInfoofMaterialProcurementManagementInfoofMaterialSalesManagementInfoofMaterialFinancialManagementInfoofMaterialQualityManagementInfoofMaterial.1/1/202323Chapter3:BasicConcepts(基本概念念)3.2BillofMaterials（BOM））(物料清单单)ThebasicinfoofMRP,thebridgebetweenMPSandMRPTheroutingcanbethetotalroutingofproductionbasedonBOMThebackflushinginventoryofJIT,100%accurateisnecessaryThebasicinfoforcontractingprojectThebasicinfoforshopmaterialThebasicinfoforcostcalculationThebasicinfoforsellingprice1/1/202324Chapter3:BasicConcepts(基基本本概概念念)3.2BillofMaterials（（BOM））(物物料料清清单单)PartNumberPartNameDescriptionUnitsUnitCostSourceformaterials/parts1/1/202325Chapter3:BasicConcepts(基基本本概概念念)3.2BillofMaterials（（BOM））(物物料料清清单单)ContractorsMPSCostinfoInventoryinfoBOMRoutingProdmaterialsMRPSalespriceRelationshipbetweenBOMandotherdada1/1/202326Chapter3:BasicConcepts(基基本本概概念念)3.5Routing(工工艺艺路路线线)Aroutingisanordersetofoperationsthatarecarriedouttoproduceamaterial.Forexample,theoperationsforassembleabicyclemightbesettingup2tiresintoframe,installingsaddle,etc.Theoperationisaresourceconsumerthatnecessarytimeandcostisrecordedintheoperation.Eachoperationofroutingisoperatedinworkcenterandconsumesitscapacities.1/1/202327Chapter3:BasicConcepts(基本本概念)3.3WorkCenter（工工作中心））Aworkcentercontainsasetofcapacitiesthatarerequiredtoperformanoperationconcurrently.Thecategoryofcapacitycanbe"Labor"or"Machine".Contrarytotheoperation,capacitycategoryisaresourceproviderthataverageavailabletimeandprocessingformulaisassignedtocalculatetheirnecessaryprocessingtime.1/1/202328Chapter3:BasicConcepts(基本本概念)3.4LeadTimeandPlanningExpectation(提前期与与计划展望望期)Leadtimeisthetimebetweenthedecisiontostartaprojectandthecompletionofthework.

Leadtimecanbecategorizedas:LeadtimeforpreparingproductionLeadtimeforprocurementLeadtimeforproductionLeadtimeforconfigurationCumulativeleadtime=1)+2)+3)+4)Totalleadtimeisthelifecycleoftheproduction(design,preparing,production,configuration,test,outofshop,etc)1/1/202329Chapter3:BasicConcepts(基本概念念)3.6IndependentDemandandDependentDemand(独立需求与与相关需求)Inventorycanbeclassifiedintwoways:independentdemandinventory,whichisnotdependentonothercomponents;dependentdemandinventory,whichcoversitemsorcomponentsusedintheassemblyoffinalproducts.Dependentdemandinventorycanbemanagedbyuseofmaterialsrequirementplanning.MRPreliesonproductionplanstoproposeatimetableforwhenmaterialsordersarerequired.Consequentlytheresultingstocksofmaterialsdependonaknowndemand.TheMRPinventorycontrolsystemrequiresagreatdealofinformationaboutcomponentsandproductsandisthereforecomputerised.Themaininformationcomesfromthreefiles:themasterproductionschedule,thebillofmaterialsandinventoryrecords.1/1/202330Chapter3:BasicConcepts(基本概念念)3.7ShopCalendar(工作作日历)Shopcalendarisalsocalledasproductioncalendarduetoitsrelationshipwithproduction.ProductiondateVacationdateEquipmenttestingShopcalendarneedsinfoon:codeoftheshop,codeforWC,date,status,availabledays,cumulativeavailabledays1/1/202331Q&AThanks!1/1/202332Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理理论论的的形形成成)60’’s:Safeinventory(tomeetthereq.betweenrequirementandorderleadtime)SafeinventoryOrderpointMaxinventoryLeadtimeMaterials’’consumingspeed1/1/202333Chapter2:TheFormationofERPTheory(ERP理理论的形形成)80’s:Closed-loopMRP(闭环环MRP)REQINFOOFPRODPLANNINGMASTERPRODUCTIONSCHEDULEROUGH-CUTCAPACITYPLANNINGMATERIAL