2018重庆中考英语定语从句

2017重庆中考英语一定语从句(一)、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语)或句子，汉语中常用 ‘……的’表示。主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通 常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。如：1)Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.2)YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who(宾格who,所有格whose)和关系副词where,when、why关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分(二)、关系代词引导的定语从句who指人，在从句中做主语(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfOotballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做主语)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中做宾语)that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主语)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?(在句子中做宾语)whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(5)Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow?=Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?注：that用法(1)不用that的情况1(a)在引导非限定性定语从句时。(错)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.(b)介词后不能用。Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.(2)只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况(a)在therebe句型中，只用that，不用which。(b)在不定代词，如：anything,nothing,theone,all 等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。(c)先行词有theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,just修饰时，只用that。(d)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用 that,不能用which。.(e)先行词既有人，又有物时。(f)先行词指物，在主句中作表语时.(g)为了避免重复.(h)先行词是theway或thereason时，that可作关系副词，也可省略(i)主句的主语是疑问词who/which时举例：Isthisthebookthatyouborrowedinthelibrary?这是你在图书馆借的那本书吗？Whothatbreakthewindowshouldbepunished.谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩罚.Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.所需的只是供油问题。Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。(三)、关系副词引导定语从句关系副词关系副词：在句中作状语关系副词二介词+关系代词why=forwhichwhere=in/at/on/...which(介词同先行词搭配)when=during/on/in/...which(介词同先行词搭配)where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句。Shanghaiisthecitywhere」wasborn.Thehousewhere］livedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.when引导定语从句表示时间。在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.［注］表示时间“tim一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导。BythetimeyouarrivedinLondon,wehadstayedtherefortwoweeks.到你到达伦敦的时候，我们在那里已经待了两个星期。IstillrememberthefirsttimeImether.我仍然记得我第一次见到她。Eachtimehegoestobusinesstrip,hebringsalotoflivingnecessities,suchastowels,soap,toothbrushetc。每一次他去出差，他带来了生活必需品，如毛巾，肥皂，牙刷等，很多。why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear,Fromtheyearwhen/inwhichhewasgoingtoschool,hebegantoknowwhathewantedwhenhegrewup.注：1)介词后面的关系代词不能省略。2)that前不能有介词。3)某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when,where和why互换。ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub?Thisisthereasonwhyhecamelate.Thisisthereasonforwhichhecamelate三、练习练习一(一)用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句。Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Hewashereaminuteago.Theoldmanisaprofessor.Heteacheschemistryinacollege.BeijingHotelisnearTianAnMenSquare.Theforeignvisitorslivethere.Thewomanisherenow.Youweretalkingabouther.Thisisthehall.Welistenedtothereportinittheotherday.Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.Thecarjustpassedus.Themanwasmyuncle.Themanwavedtous.Ienjoyedreadingthebook.Yougavemeabooklastweek.Ipreferthesubject.Thesubjectisscience.Ispoketotheman.Themanisaprofessor.（二）用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空Thehouseweliveinisverybig.Theboyiswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.Thisisthepresenthegavemeformybirthday.Themantalkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolshehadvisited.Thereisnothingintheworldcanfrightenhim.Shewearsagoldring,isveryuncommoninourclass.Wevisitedafactorymakestoysforchildren.Isthistheplaceyourfatheroncelived?I,llneverforgetthedaysIjoinedtheLeague.练习二一、单项填空---WhoisthemanwastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?---Oh!It,sMrBaker,ourmathsteacher.A.heB.thatC.whomD.whichIhatethepeopledon,thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.A.whoB.whichC.theyD.whereTheforeignervisitedourschoolisfromCanada.A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whomGeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacherlovedclimbing.A.whoB.whomC.heD.whichThisistheplaceIhaveevervisited.A.thereB.whenC.whereD.whichNobodyknowsthereasonshedidn,tcometothemeeting.A.thatB.whichC.whyD.whenThemoonisaworldthereisnolife.A.thatB.whichC.where D.whyHehasforgottenthedayhearrived.A.when B.where C.that D.whichHestillremembersthedayshespentwithyourfamily.A.when B.where C.that D.onwhichMr.White,carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.whichHegottothevillagehisfamilyoncelivedbeforeliberation.A.that B.whichC.whenD.where12.Thisisthehouse _Iwanttobuy.A.inwhich B.thatC.whoseD.whereThisisthehouseourbelovedPremierZhouoncelivedandworked.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.whereHedidn'ttellmetheplacehewasborn.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.whereHelivedinasmallvillage,wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation.A.that B.which C.where D.whenIworkinabusinessalmosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.A.how B.which C.where D.thatHelenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.whichAmericanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeonetheycantalkfrequently.A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhomThefilmbroughtthehoursbacktomeIwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.whereThefamousscientistgrewuphewasbornandin1930hecametoShanghai.A.whenB.wheneverC.whereD.whereverAstorygoesElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.thatTheParkersboughtanewhousebutwillneedalotofworkbeforetheycan_movein.A.theyB.itC.oneD.whichIsthisfactoryyouworkedat?A.theoneB.whichC.thatD.whereIsthisthefactoryyouworked?A.whereB.whichC.thatD.theone---Doestheteacherknoweverybodyplantedthetrees?---Yes,hedoes.A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.whoTheletterIreceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.A.whoB.whereC.whatD.that---Whereisthescientistgaveusthetalkyesterday?---HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.whichIhatepeopletalkmuchbutdolittle.A.whoseB.whomC.whichD.whoDoyouknowaboysisterisanurseinahospital?A.whoB.thatC.whomD.whoseIsthereashopnearherewecanbuyvegetablesandfruits?A.whichB.whenC.whoD.where二、填入适当的关系代词或关系副词完成下列句子TheboysareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Thosewanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrow.MrLiuisthepersonyoutalkedaboutonthebus.Theprofessoryouarewaitingforhascome.Footballisagameislikedbymostboys.Helikestoreadbooksarewrittenbyforeignwriters.Thisisthepenheboughtyesterday.We,llgotohearthefamoussingerwehaveoftentalked.WhereisthemanIsawthismorning?Theseasoncomesafterspringissummer.Ivisitedascientistnameisknownalloverthecountry.Hehasafriendfatherisadoctor.Ioncelivedinthehouseroofhasfallenin.IstillrememberthedayIfirstcametothisschool.Thetimewegottogetherfinallyarrived.ShanghaiisthecityIwasborn.ThehouseIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.Pleasetellmethereasonyoumissedtheplane.Thereasonhewaspunishedisunknowntous.Allthepeoplearepresentburstintotears.Thereareaboutsevenmillionpeopletakingpartintheelection,mostofarewelleducated.Hesucceededinthecompetition,madehisparentsveryhappy.Theschoolheoncestudiedisveryfamous.TomorrowI,llbringherethemagazineyouasked.ThisistheboyIplayedtenniswithyesterday.2015年中考英语单项选择题汇编（定语从句）.Thephototakenbymybrotherlastweekisverynice.（2015呼和浩特）A.whichwereB.thatisC.thatwereD.whichwas.Thewomanisthemostimportantinmylifeismymother.（2015杭州）A.whichB.whoC.whom D.what.ThestorieswerewrittenbyMarkTwainareoftenhumorous.（2015广州）A.thatB.thoseC.who D.what.—NowadaysWeChatisverypopularamongfriends.一Yes.It seemstobethebestwayof communicationpeople like.（2015福州）A.that B.which C.who.EveryonehasbeentoShanghaisaysitisamoderncity.（2015德州）A.why B.whose C.who D.whichthinkthe firstlessonweare learning is veryeasy. （2015 安顺）A.thatB.whereC.who D.when.—Whyareyousoworried?—I’velostthewatchmydadboughtmeonmybirthday.（2015泰安）A.whomB.whoC.whose D.which.Wedon’tlikepeopletalktoomuchbutneverdoanything.（2015克拉玛依）A.whoseB.whoC.whenD.which.Afriendissomeonesays,“What!Youtoo?IthoughtIwastheonlyone!”（2015