外研版高中英语教学课件Book3Module 5Period3 Grammar

M5GrammarAttributiveClausesReadthesentencesbelowandunderlinetherelativeclauses.AncientChinawasaplacewherestateswereoftenatwarwitheachother.Butitwasalsoatimewhenthereweremanygreatphilosophers.Confuciusisthephilosopherwhoseinfluencehasbeenthegreatest.Moziwasanotherteacherwhowasveryinfluential.Hecamefromafamilywhichwasverypoor.Morerelativeclausesfromthepassage:MenciuswasathinkerwhoseteachingswereverysimilartothoseofConfucius.Moziwasanotherteacherwhowasveryinfluential.Hespentmanyyearstryingtofindastatewherepeoplewouldfollowhisteachings.TheAttributiveClause(I)

1.Definition

（定义）定语从句:如果修饰某个名词或代词的是句子，这个句子就叫定语从句。Ilikeschooldancingthat

cangivesuspleasure.被修饰的词称为先行词(antecedent

)．连接定语从句和先行词的词称为关系词(引导词)。Grammar:主句先行词定语从句2.关系词的作用HeisthescientistwhowontheNobelPrize.1）引导作用2）替代作用3）成分作用Heisthescientist.ThescientistwontheNobelPrize.who3.关系词：关系代词(relativepronoun):

who,that,which,whom,whose关系副词(relativeadverb):

when,where,why注意：做宾语时，关系词可省；只有that可做表语；2.Who和that不能用于介词后面。which/that指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。作主语不可省略;作宾语可以省略。1)Hisdreamistogotoauniversity

that

isclosetohishighschool.Hisdreamistogotoauniversity

which

isclosetohishighschool.2)The

filmthat

wesawlastnightwasverywonderful.The

film

which

wesawlastnightwasverywonderful.Thefilmwesawlastnightwasverywonderful.whose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。

Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawoman

whosebagwasstolen.Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebook

whosecoverisred.I’llcallaperson.Hisfatherknowsyou.I’llcallaperson

whosefatherknowsyou.who指人(既它的先行词必须是人),在从句中作主语或宾语。但whom

是宾格,只能作宾语。(that有时也指人。代替who,whom，可作主语或宾语)Heknewtheteacherwhometmeyesterday.Heknewtheteacher

whomwemetyesterday.Heknewtheteacher

whowemetyesterday.Heknewtheteacher(that)

wemetyesterday.1.Thisisthecar_____whichIboughtlastyear.2.Thisisthecar____whichIpaid100$.3.Thisisthecar____whichIspent100$.4.Thisisthecar____whichIgotoworkeveryday.5.Thisisthecar_______whichIcan’tgotowork.foronbywithout关系代词前介词(介词＋which)的确定6.Thisisthecar____whichtheoldmanwasknockeddown7.Thisisthecar____whichaboythrewastone.8.Thisisthecar_______whichwetalked.9.Thisisthecar____whichthewindow

wasbroken

byataboutof关系代词前介词(介词＋which)的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系。Isthatthenewspaper____whichyouoftenwritearticles?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配。Canyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidioms________whichI’mnotsure.3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯。1949wastheyear______whichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.

关系代词前介词(介词＋which)的确定forabout/ofin=when

介词+关系代词的常见结构：①介词+which/whom1.Thisisthefamoussinger____________wehaveoftentalked.

2.Fortunatelywehadamap,_____________wewouldhavegotlost.

②名词+of+which/whomPleasepassmethebook__________________________

isblue.请把那本蓝封面的书递给我。

aboutwhomwithoutwhichwhosecover/thecoverofwhich介词+关系代词的常见结构③数词/代词+of+which/whom1.She‘sgotthreeluckypens,________________sheneveruses.

她有三只幸运笔，其中两只从未用过/一只也未用过。2.Inourschoolthereareabout200teachers,_________________arewomen.我校大约有200位教师，其中百分之三十/大多数是女教师。

two/noneofwhich30%/mostofwhom(4)最高级+of+which/whomChinahasthousandsofislands,____________________isTaiwan.中国有数千个岛屿，其中最大的是台湾。

thelargestofwhich

(5)介词+which+名词1.Heusuallyreturnshomeatten,______________hisfatherlocksallthedoorsadwindows.他通常十点钟回家，在这时候他爸爸锁好所有的门窗。2.Hiswifegotseriouslyill,____________hehadtogiveupthechanceofgoingabroad.他的妻子病得很重，在这种情况下，他不得不放弃出国的机会。atwhichhourinwhichcase1.HestudiedinChengduNo.7HighSchool,____hewenttoPekingUniversity.A.afterwhichB.afterthatC.afteritD.afterwhen2.Heisafamousscientist_____thepresidentgaveaward.A.towhoB.towhomC.tothatD.towhichAHestudiedinChengduNo.7HighSchool,afterwhich

hewenttoPekingUniversity.HestudiedinChengduNo.7HighSchool,andafterthat

hewenttoPekingUniversity.B1.Hecleanedthewindowsoftheclassroom,mostof

whichhadn’tbeencleanedforlong.Hecleanedthewindowsoftheclassroom,andmostof_______hadn’tbeencleanedforlong.them人称代词和关系代词使用注意细节2.Hehastwosons,bothof_____wentabroadtwoyearsago.whomHehastwosons,and

bothof

_____wentabroadtwoyearsago.them人称代词和关系代词使用注意细节3.Iboughtabookyesterday,thepriceofwhichisreasonable.Iboughtabookyesterday,andthepriceof___isreasonable.it人称代词和关系代词使用注意细节Thisisthehouse__________helived(vi.)Thisisthehouse__________hevisited.(vt.)where/inwhichwhich/that关系副词when,where,why的使用3.Thatwastheday_____________Ifirstwent

abroad.4.2008wastheyear___________

Iwillneverforget.when/onwhich

which/that关系副词when,where,why的使用5.Thereason______________

Iboughttherosesisthatmygirlfriendlikesthem.6.Thereason__________he

explained

tomeissimplyunbelievable.

why/forwhich(which/that)关系副词when,where,why的使用只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的6种情况：

a)不定代词，如：any,nothing,something,somebody,theone,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。凡是能够做的都已经做了。

Allthatcouldbedonehasbeendone.

b)先行词有theonly,thevery，thelast等修饰时，只用that。

这正是我需要的书。

ThisistheverybookthatIneed.

c)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。他是第一个被发现的人。

Hewasthefirstmanthatwasfound.

d)先行词既有人又有物时，用that，不用which/who。Theyspentthewholenighttalkingaboutthethingsandpeoplethathaveimpressedthemdeeplyin2008.e)关系代词在从句中作表语时，用that。Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitwas30yearsago.北川不再是地震前的那个美丽的城市。_____________________________________BCisnolongerthebeautifultownthatitwasbeforethequake.f)which/who引导的特殊疑问句中，用that。

Whichoftheeventsthathavehappenedthisyearhasimpressedyoumost?

你在找的人是谁？Whoistheperson__________________________?thatyouarelookingforP44Act3MatchthetwopartsofthesentencesConfuciuslivedinacenturyAncientChinawasacountrySomerulersfollowedtheadvicePhilosopherswerepeopleMoziwasamanWheretherewerealotofnewideas.WhichMenciusgave/Whoseideaswereveryinfluential.Wholivedanunusuallife.Whentherewasalotofwar.