阅读表达课件

阅读表达解题技巧训练重点：1.主旨大意题

2.补全句子题

3.指代词的确认做题技巧?高考考试大纲要求：要求考生阅读所给的一篇短文，对材料信息进行分析、概括、整理、理解并根据文章后的题目要求进行简答。常见题目类型问题类型概括文章大意、标题、或指出作者写作意图What’sthebesttitle/mainideaofthetext?What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassage?短文转述填空Completethefollowingstatementwithproperwords补全文章中空缺的句子Pleasefillintheblankwithproperwordstomakethesentencecomplete短文信息归纳表达Where/When/Why/What/How……….?Which…doyouthinkisthebest….?Why？指代词的确认Whatdoestheword….probablyreferto?评分标准：2分1分0分作答内容准确，符合题干要求；语义完整；语言通顺、连贯；语法或单词拼写（含大小写）准确无误。回答内容基本符合题干要求；语义基本完整；语言基本通顺；有个别语法或单词拼写（含大小写）错误，但不影响理解。没有作答；所答内容完全不符合题干要求；写出只言片语但不构成语义；无语法可言；无准确拼写之单词。课前练习76.WhattoDoIfYouGetLost?77.callsforhelp78.Givethemasignal79.Sitdownandstaywhereyouare.Becausetherewillbenodifficultiesforyourfriendstofindyou.80.thepeoplewhohearyou阅读表达解题思路1.浏览题目，了解题目和要求。看清题目要求，注意词数要求。这样再带着问题去阅读，就增强了阅读的针对性和有效性2.速读短文，清楚文体和大意。准确理解是正确表达的基础因此，对不同体裁的文章要根据体裁特点，运用不同的方法快速阅读，正确理解。记叙文一开始交代人物、时间、地点、事件，然后按照时间、空间等顺序进行详细叙述；议论文中，作者先提论点，再加以分析，或举例论证，得出结论；说明文中，作者先提出说明对象，然后从时间、空间、用途、方法、步骤等不同侧面加以说明。清楚了文章的体裁特征，便会很快把握文章的大意。3.逐题攻克，按要求准确表达。在把握文章大意的前提下，就可以逐题解答了。解答时，要紧扣文章内容，适当发挥自己的思维能力，推断并概括出答案；表达要简洁、准确，书写要工整、清楚。各小题解题技巧1.主旨大意题。根据文体特征和主题句概括主旨大意，如果题目要求给出文章标题，就要把主题句概括成短语或短句，并要规范书写标题。（即每个词的首字母要大写）若回答purpose常用todo不定式。如：课前练习76.先找出主题句Ifyoudogetlost,though,thisiswhatyoushoulddo.但是要做出归纳：WhatToDoIfYouGetLost?主题句一般会出现在文章第一段或是最后一段。说明文:WaystodosthHowto

dosthSuggestions/Tips/Adviceon

howtodosth议论文:Theadvantages/disadvantagesof(doing)sth……isgood/badto….记叙文：sbdidsth+time+place主旨大意题常见的表达法：Passageone:Maybeyouareanaveragestudent.Youprobablythinkyouwillneverbeatopstudent.Thisisnotnecessaryso,however.Anyonecanbecomeabetterstudentifheorshewantsto.Here’show.Topicsentence:Besttitle:(with6words)

HowToBecomeABetterStudent

Firstfindoutthetopicsentence,thenwritethebesttitleormainidea.Passagetwo

Chatroomsandmessagingcanbegreatfun，butremember,youneverreallyknowwhoyouaretalkingtoonline.Itcouldbesomeonetryingtotrickyou，somekindofweirdo（古怪的人），orsomeonereallydangerous.Herearesometipstohelpyoukeepsafe：●Neveruseyourrealnameinchatrooms—pickaspecialonlinenickname.Topicsentence:Mainidea:(within8words)HowtokeepsafewhensurfingonlineSometipsonkeepingsafewhensurfingonlineThievesdressedaspoliceenteredamuseumearlySundayandstole11paintings,includingmajorworksbyRembrandt,Dagas,ManetandVermerr,FBI(美国联邦调查局)andthemuseumofficialssaid.Thefirstjudgmentplacedvalueofatleast$100millionontheworksstolenfromtheIsabellaGardenerMuseum,saidBostonpolicespokes-manJimTordanTopicsentence:Mainidea:(within4words)Thievesstole11paintingsPassagethreeSmokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness),cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smoker’scough”.Topicsentence:Besttitle:(within6words)

Smokingisharmfultoyourhealth.

Passagefour2.补全句子题：在把握了文章主题和作者思路的前提下，充分利用文章中对比、转折、因果、递进、条件等关系的连接词，结合上下文语境，对残缺部分进行推敲预测，然后利用简练的几个词把所缺的意思准确表达出来。最后把所填内容放回原文中检验，确保上下文内容连贯，语法结构准确。表并列关系：and,also,aswellas,likewise,similarly,too,equally…….表递进关系：what’smore,moreover,further,inaddition,then,besides…..表转折关系：but,however,while,ontheotherhand,nevertheless,…..表因果关系：because,since,as,for,nowthat,so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,asaresult……。表让步关系：though,although,eventhough,evenif,despite,inspiteof….表时间关系：when,while,as,after,before,since,until,assoonas,once…..表条件关系：if,supposethat,supposingthat,unless,incase,aslongas,without…..表目的：to,inorderto,soasto,sothat,inorderthat,….表解释：is,thatis,thatistosay,thatmeans,themeaningisthat….如课前练习78.Pleasefillintheblankinthethirdparagraphwithproperwordsorphrases.(Pleaseanswerwithin5words)[3]Thereisanotherwaytohelpyourfriendsorotherpeoplenearbytofindyou._________________byshoutingorwhistlingthreetimes.Stop.Thenshoutorwhistlethreetimesagain.Anysignalgiventhreetimesisacallforhelp.可知这几句是顺序关系，先发出三声，然后停一下，再发出三声。可知答案为Givethemasignal.[1]Planyourtimecarefully.Whenyouplanyourweek,youshouldmakealistofthingsthatyouhavetodo.After_________________,youshouldmakeascheduleofyourtime.Firstarrangeyourtimeforeating,sleeping,dressing,etc.Thendecideagood,regulartimeforstudying.Don’tforgettosetasideenoughtimeforentertainment.Aweeklyschedulemaynotsolvealltheproblems,butitwillforceyoutorealizewhatishappeningtoyourtime.after是表时间顺序的词意为“…..之后”，因此由前后逻辑可推断出之前的一件事是makealist

，但要注意after一般做介词用，因此答案为makingthelist[2]MyfriendBobhadaproblembecausehelikedtogamble（赌博）atallcosts.Hewouldplayatanytimeandatanyprice.Sometimeshewouldwinalotofmoneyononecardgame.Helikedtotellmethatonedayhewouldbreakthebank.Whatafeelingitmustbetowinallofthemoneyatagamblingtable!Othertimesheneitherwonnorlostmoney.ButsometimesBobwould_________________.Whenthishappened,hewouldgointodebtandowepeoplemoney.loseallhismoney[3]Therearemanydifferenttypesofbeeravailableinpubs.TraditionalBritishbeeriscalledbitter,orale,andisusuallyservedatroomtemperature.Asaresult,theBritisharefamousfortheir‘warmbeer’!Ifyoupreferacoldbeer,askforlager.Thisbeerisalightyellowincolorwhereasbitterisusuallyadarkerbrown.Allbeersareservedaspints(500ml)orhalves(250ml).Toorder,youneedtoaskforapintorhalf,andthennamethebeer.So,youcouldsay“_______________”.Apintofbitter,please.

Ahalfoflager,please.

[4]Doyouspendoveranhoureachdaytextingmessagestoyourfriends?Doyoufrequentlyignorework,study,andotheractivitiestocheckyourphoneformessages?Areyouanxiousandrestlessifyouareseparatedfromyourmobilephone?Doyouhardlyeveruseyourphonetotalkanymore,anddoyourthumbshurtfromtextingtoomuch?If

,thenitisverypossiblethatyouareatextaholic.Atextaholiccanbedefinedassomeonewhoisaddictedtosendingandreceivingmessages.

youanswer“yes”toanyofthequestions3.代词指代题。这类题主要考查考生对相关成分复指关系的辨别能力。指代词一般是代词，如it,they,them,that,one,such,so等，用来指代上文出现的名词、短语或句子，以避免重复。理清文章线索，顺藤摸瓜，便可查找出代词所指代的部分。检查时可带入指代词所在的句子中看意思是否通顺。如课前练习：80.Whatdoestheword“They”(Line2Paragraph4)probablyreferto?(nomorethan6words)[4]Keepuptheshoutingorwhistling,alwaysthreetimestogether.Thenthepeoplewhohearyouwillknowthatyouarenotmakingnoiseforfun.Theywillletyouknowtheyhaveheardyoursignal.thepeoplewhohearyou[1]Helpyourchildkeepwhathereads

—

acrucialskill,especiallyashegetsolderandneedstogainimportantinformationfromtextbooks.Havehimreadaloud.Thisforceshimtogoslower,whichgiveshimmoretimetoprocesswhathereads.Plus,he'snotonlyseeingthewords,he'shearingthem,too.Havehimreadaloud.[2]Listentoyourbody.Whatdoesitfeelliketobefull?Whenyou’reeating,noticehowyourbodyfeelsandwhenyourstomachfeelscomfortablyfull.Sometimes,peopleeattoomuchbecausetheydon’tnoticewhentheyneedtostopeating.yourbody[3]Failureisthepathtosuccess.Ithelpsustotouchthesky,teachesustosurviveandshowsusaspecificway.Successbringsinmoney,fame,prideandself-respect.Hereitbecomesveryimportanttokeepourheadonourshoulder.Theonlywaytoshowourgratitudetoenjoyingsuccessisbybeinghumble,modest,courteousandrespectfultothelessfortunateones.Failure[4]WORKUPTHOSEMUSCLES!Exercise,exercise,exercise!Setasideatleastanhoureachdayoreveryotherdayforexercise.Yourbody