定语从句专项讲练- 仁爱版九年级英语上册

PAGEPAGE6定语从句专讲专练概念：在含有主句和从句的复合句中，修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。它所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句就跟在先行词的后面。用来引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词（who,whom,that,which,whose）和关系副词(where,when,why)。Eg.Didyouseethepersonwho/thatstoleit?Thisisthepenwhich/thatheislookingfor.上面两例中的先行词分别是theperson与thepen，后面是有关系代词who/that/which/that引导的定语从句。2．关系代词的选择及功能。引导定语从句的词有关系代词who,that,which,whom,whose和关系副词where,when,why。他们放在先行词和定语从句之间起联系作用，同时又充当定语从句中的一个成分（如主语或宾语）。有关先行词的选择取决于两点：先行词是人还是物；关系代词在从句中做主语还是宾语。具体用法如下：当先行词是人时，关系代词可以用who或that；当先行词是物时，关系代词可用which或that。Thefilmwhich/thattheysawwasveryinteresting.Theboywho/thatissittinginthesunismybrother.2）当关系代词在句中做宾语时，关系代词可以省略。.Theman(who,whom.,that)theyarewaitingforcomesfromJapan.3）whose指人或物的所有格。Doyouknowtheboywhosehairisyellow?Theclassroomwhosewindowsareclosedisours.4)关系副词when,where,why=介词+whichwhen表时间，跟在hour,moment,day,month,year,season,time等之后。Canyoutellmethedatewhen/onwhichyouwereborn?Where表地点，跟在place,village,town,city,home等之后。Thisistheplacewhere/inwhichIgrewup.Why表原因,在reason（原因）之后。That’sthereasonwhyshedidn’tcometowork.3．只能用that的情况1）当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，关系代词必须用that。Thisisthebestnovel(that)Ihaveeverread.2）如果指物的先行词是不定代词或被不定代词修饰时，必须用that，不能用which。不定代词有all,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone,much,little,every,any,some等。.Imeantheone(that)youtalkedaboutjustnow.3)当先行词有theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame,thefirst等词修饰时，关系代词必须用that。Heistheonlyperson(that)Isawthere.4)当引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中作表语时用that。Sheisnolongerthegirlthatshewantedtobe.5）当有两个或两个以上分别表人和物的先行词时只能用thatHetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathehadvisited.6)当who,which开头的疑问句时，避免重复，用thatWhoisthegirlthatisstandingatthedoor.7)主句是therebe结构,定语从句用that作关系代词Thereisaseatinthecornerthatisstillfree.4.不能用that的情况：1）先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that.例如：What’sthatwhichisunderthedesk？在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？2）关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：Thisistheroominwhichhelives.这是他居住的房间。3）引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.例如：Tomcameback，whichmadeushappy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。4）当先行词为anyone,everyone,those,he,she,all,any指人时，用whoIwillshootanyonewhomoves.Itishewhosavedme.注意:1）关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，如果介词放在它的前面，只能用which或whom。Thisistheroomthat/whichhelivedintwoyearsago.Thisistheroominwhichhelivedtwoyearsago.Thegirlwho/whom/thatheistalkingtoismysisiter.Thegirltowhomheistalkingismysisiter.但有些介词短语的固定词组不能拆开Thebabieswho/thatthenursearelookingafterarehealthy.2)当关系代词在定语从句中充当主语时，定语从句的谓语动词取决于先行词而不是关系代词。Thegirlwhohaslonghairismydaughter.Thetreesthatwereplantedbyuslastyearhavegrownwell.专题训练：一．用关系代词或关系副词填空。1.Weneedcomrades(同志)_____________canhelpus.2.Theman_____________yousawyesterdaywasadoctorfromBeijing.3.Thisisastoryaboutagirl______name(thenameof_____)isLiuHu-lan.4.Thisisourclassroom,_______windows(thewindowsof_______)facethesouth.5.Hereisabook_____________willgivealotofusefulknowledge.6.Thisisthesong_____________welikebest.7.Iwillneverforgetthedayon_____________Ifirstsawhim.8.Thisistheroom_____________LaoLiuoncelivedin.9.Doyoustillrememberthedayon_____________hejoinedthearmy？10.Theearth，_____________weallknow，movesaroundthesun.11.Herearefivefish.Thetwo_____________werecaughtyesterdayaregoldfish.12.Everything_____________Itoldyoujustnowistrue.13.Theytalkedofthethingsandpersons_________theyrememberedintheschool.14.Therearestars_____________westilldon‘tknowinspace.15.LiYingisnotthegirl_____________sheusedtobetenyearsago.16.ThebusinessmanyousawjustnowisJim.17.Theroomheisnowlivinginislarge.18.Afridgeisamachineisusedforkeepingfoodfresh.19.ThepersontoheisspeakingisMrBlack.20.Thetomatoeswereinthebasketwerered.二．将下列句子合并为定语从句1,Ineverforgettheday.Ispentthedaywithmyfriendinshanghai.2,,Ineverforgettheday.IjoinedtheLeagueMemberonthatday3,.Thisisaperson.Iusedtoplaywithhim.4,Heistheonlystudent.Hepassedtheexam.5.sheisagirl.Herhairisthelongestintheclass.6,Heismygoodfriend.Ioftenthinkofher.7,Thisisaplace.Iusedtoplaywithmyfriendsinthisplace.8,Thisisaplace.Ivisitedthisplacelastyear.9,Heisaperson.Heoftenhelpsothers.10.Thesearethepeopleandbooks.Isawthepeopleandbooksonmywayhomeyesterday.单选：()1、Doyouknowtheman___istalkingwithyourfather?A.whoseB.whoC.which()2、Theboys___theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne.A.whenB.whichC.who()3、Those___wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.A.whoB.whichC.whom()4.Thegentleman___youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whom()5.Thedoctor___youarelookingforisintheroom.A.whomB.whatC.which()6.Theteacherfor____youarewaitinghascome.A.whoB.whomC.that()7.Achild___parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whichB.hisC.whose()8.Thisbookisforthestudents___native(本国的)languageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whose()9.Theboy___compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.that()10、Hepreferstoeattherice___inthesouth.A.whoisgrownB.whichisgrownC.whenisgrown()11、Theknife___Icuttheapplewithcan’tbefound.A.whichB.whoC.what()12、Theroomin___therearemanybooksismine.A.thatB.whoC.which()13、Thisisthepen____heboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.when()14.All_____isneededisasupplyofoil.A.whichB.thatC.what()15.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything____hehadstolentothepolice.A.whichB.whatC.that()16.It’sthemostboringfilm___Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.whose()17.Thisisthefirstcar___arrivedthismorning.A.whichB.whoC.that()18.Iknowallpeople___arefromthatvillage.A.whoB.thatC.whose()19.Thereisnowater___isneededbadly.A.whichB.whoC.that()20.Pleasetakeanyseat___isfree.A.whichB.thatC.inwhich()21.Thatistheverybook___Iwas