新视野大学英语第二版第一册Unit6

111Lead-inWriting

TextofStructure

WordsandExpressionsTheTrashmanI.Lead-inTextStudy—UnderstandingWhatisyouridealjobinfuture?Why?2.Haveyoueverconsideredtobecomeatrashman?GiveyourreasonsCriteriaforanidealjobdecencypersonalinterestprospecthandsomesalaryATrashman’sRoutineWorkPeopleincitiescannotlivewithouttrashmen.Doyouknowatrashman’sroutineworkandwhattheydumpeveryday?Whatisatrashman’sroutinework?walkupanddownastreetenterthegardensofhousescollectadustbintakeitouttothedustcartandemptyitreplacethebinfromexactlywhereitcamenormallysufferfrombeinglookeddownuponWhatdotrashmendump?Garbage:the

by-productsofanimalorvegetablefoodstuffs.

Litter:man-made

orusedsolidwaste.

Householdtrash:paper,dust,rags,bottles,discardedtoys…YardBulkyHouseholdTrash:wastedstoves,washers,sofas,carpetsandsimilaritems.

recyclableOrUnrecyclable?

Twotrash-menareveryexhaustedandragedbecauseoftheirworkastrash-manandpeople’sresponsestotheirgreeting.Buttheystillhavetheirownattitudestowardsthejob.Nowanswerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothisarticle.TextStudy—Understanding1.Whatistheworkofatrashmanlike?2.Howdidpeoplegenerallyrespondtogreetingfromatrashman?3.WhatisSteve’sattitudetohisownwork?TextStudy—Understanding4.Forwhatdidtheauthortakethejobatfirst?andhowdidhisattitudechangelater?5.Thoughtired,whydoestheauthordecidetocontinuethejob?6.WhatdoesthequotationfromJohnGardnermean?TextStudy—Understanding1.Theworkasatrash-man:haultrashfor4hourscontinuouslyshoulderhurtwickedlylegsoccasionallytremblednojoyinitdump,lift,walk,lift(tedious)2.People’sresponsetogreetingfromatrash-man:nothingasurprisedstarestartledretreatindoorsfrightenedcoldness3.Steve’sattitudetohisownwork:nothingdoitforthemoney,nottheonlyworkhecandonotbeashamedofit,butnotboastaboutitnotdirtyasgoodasweare4.Theauthor’schangeofmind:Atfirstformoneylaterbeproudofitasnecessaryasthatofapoliceofficerorafirefighter5.Author’sdecisiontocontinuehisownwork:greatexerciseoutdoorsincleanairnotdirtyonthejobessentialtaskleavethiscountryalittlecleaner6.ThemeaningofJohnGardner’squotation:Weshouldgiveproperrespecttopeoplewhateverjobtheydo.TextStructureParas1-3IntroductionParas4-11WriterandSteve’sexperiencesParas12-13Writer’sattitudeParas14ConclusionExpressions&Patternshaulvt.

pullormovesomethingfromoneplacetoanother

拖，拉，托运TranslationHehauledhisluggagetothenearestmotel.

他把行李拖到最近的旅馆Alorryhauledthecaroutofthemud.

一辆卡车把汽车拖出了泥坑1.solid:a.

withoutbreaks对比:sharp:adv.punctuallyEg.Pleasebehereatsevensharp.请七点整到这里.IwassotiredthatIsleptfortwelvesolidhours我太累了，睡了整整12个小时Translation我等了整整三个小时才回家Iwaitedforthreesolidhoursandthenwenthome.continuous:a.happeningorexistingwithoutstoppingTranslationTherewasacontinuouslineofcarsstretchingformiles.车队绵延数英里。大脑需要不断供血Thebrainneedsacontinuoussupplyofblood.continuous,continual,constantcontinuousdescribesthingandeventsthatgoonwithoutstoppingorwithoutbeinginterrupted.continual(一再重复的)describesseparate,oftenannoying,actions,whicharerepeatedoveraperiodoftime.constant(经常的，不断发生的)describessomethinghappeningregularlyorallthetime.

*Fillintheblanksusingcontinual(ly),continuous(ly)andconstant(ly).1.Iamtiredofthewayhe____________complainsabouteverything.2.Theplanelandedafterflying________________for16hours.3.Thisentranceisin___________use;donotblockit.continuallycontinuouslyconstant3.imagine:vt.

formamentalimageof(sth)想象imagine—想象imaginable—能想象的，可想象到的imaginary—假象的，虚构的imaginative—富有想象力的Practice－Allthetroublesare_________.－an__________

writer－every_____________means－Ididn’t__________

becomingawriterinmychildhood.imaginaryimaginativeimaginableimagine

4.dump:vt.dropcarelessly,throwaway倾倒,抛弃

dumpsomebody把某人给甩了

.anti-dumping反倾销Translation

Don’tdumpthesandinthemiddleofthepath。别把沙子倒在路中央。这些工厂把那么多的废物排入河中，致使河水受到了污染。Thefactoriesdumpedsomuchwastematerialintotheriversthatthewaterbecamepolluted.

5.route:n.

awayfromoneplacetoanother路线

route,road,way,streetroute意为“路线，通常是迂回的，可以包括数条道路或街道，有时甚至包括小路、小巷，使用范围较广。road意为“路，道路”，指供车辆或行人通过的大道，两侧一般没房子。way意为“道路”，指任何可以通行的路，含义较抽象。口语中问路时常用way。way还可指“路程；距离”street意为“街道”，指城镇、乡村任何两旁有房子的路。“在街上”可以说on

the

street,也可以说in

the

street,前者是美国英语，后者是英国英语。Examples:The

car

is

running

along

the

road.汽车沿（着这条道）路行驶。

There

are

many

shops

in

the

street.街上有许多商店。

I

asked

the

way

to

the

station.我打听去车站的路。

It

was

a

long

way

from

here.路（程）很远。

That

postman

is

in

charge

of

this

route.那个邮递员负责这条投递线路。

This

bus

route

covers

a

large

number

of

streets.这路公共汽车行经许多街道。

so+be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语(某人也)

表示前一句中主语的肯定情况也适用于后者，在时态上应和前一句保持一致，但两句的主语应是不同的两人。例如：

①“Heis

aChinese.”“SoamI.”

②“Tom

can

dance.”“SocanMary.”

③“Motherwill

gotoBeijing.”“SowillI.”

④IhavebeentoAmerica.SohasLiLei.

⑤ShelikesEnglish.Sodothey.

⑥Lily

played

basketyesterday.SodidLucy.小小诊所：

so前面的句子都是肯定句。若前面的句子是否定句,那就不能用so引导这个句子了,而应该用“Neither/Nor+be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语”(某人也不）

“Neither/Nor+be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语”(某人也不）表示前一句中主语的否定情况也适用于后者，前后两句的主语是不同的。①“He

isn’t

aChinese.”“NeitheramI.”②“Tomcan’tdance.”“NeithercanMary.”③“Motherwon’tgotoBeijing.”“NeitherwillI.”④Ihaven’tbeentoAmerica.NeitherhasLiLei.⑤Shedoesn’tlikeEnglish.Neitherdothey.⑥---Lilydidn’tplaybasketballyesterday.---NeitherdidLucy.⑦“Idon’tlikeplayingwiththatgirl.”“Neitherdoeshe.”拓展链接“so+主语+be动词/情态动词/助动词”

(的确如此）两句中的主语是同一人①---It’sabaddaytoday.---Soitis.②---JohnstudiesEnglishwell.---Sohedoes.巩固练习()1.---Iusedtogooutforawalkaftersupper.---____.A.SodoIB.SodidIC.NeitherdidID.SoIdid()2.---Shehasanicewatch.---___.A.SohassheB.SoshehasC.SodoessheD.Soshedoes()3.---Marywasn’tinvitedyesterday.---___.A.SowasIB.NeitherwasIC.SodidID.NeitherdidIBBD巩固练习()4.---Annhasmadegreatprogressrecently.---___and___.A.Sohasshe;sohaveyouB.Sohasshe;soyouhaveC.Soshehas;soyouhaveD.Soshehas;sohaveyouDIthoughtthismightmeanmoreexchangesasImadetheroundstoday.IthoughttheirstayingathomemightprovidemorechancesforexchanginggreetingsasIwentaroundcollectingtrashfromdoortodoortoday.exchange:ashortconversationTherewasanangryexchangebetweenthetwo.他们两个吵来吵去。他认真的听他们的谈话。Hewaslisteningcarefullytotheirexchanges.

6.register:vi.

1)realizeornoticesth.2)putone’snameonalist

Translation他告诉过我她的电话号码，但我没记住。Shetoldmehertelephonenumber,butitdidn’tregister.到目前为止，有多少人报名参加了英语考试？HowmanypeoplehaveregisteredfortheEnglishexamyet?

7.peculiar:a.1)strange奇怪的

2)(to)typicalofaparticularperson,place独特的

1.Whatapeculiarthingtosay!怎么说这样怪的话！2.种族歧视问题并不是这个国家特有的。Theproblemofracismisnotpeculiartothiscountry.peculiar,strange,odd

odd:

strange,differentfromwhatisnormalorexpected,especiallyinawaythatyoudisapproveoforcannotunderstand:Eg:They'reanoddcouple./Therewassomethingoddabouthim.

peculiar:

strange,unfamiliar,oralittlesurprising:Eg:Therewasapeculiarsmellinthekitchen.ItseemsverypeculiarthatnoonenoticedKayhadgone.

strange:

notpreviouslyknown,seen,felt,etc;notfamiliarorofone’sown.Eg:Neveracceptdrinksfromstrangemen./inastrangecountry8.rage:

1)v.shoutangrilyatsb.大怒,怒吼

2)n.astrongfeelingofanger大怒,发火

Steveragedspontaneouslyaboutthesethingsonthelongridetothedump.Stevetalkedangrilyaboutthesethingsonthelongwaytothedump.rageat/againstsb/sth动怒flyintoarage勃然大怒1.Oneofthecustomerswasragingather.

一个顾客在对她大喊大叫Say“hello”andtheystareatyouinsurprise.Meaning:Ifyousayhellotothem,theywillgetsurprisedandstareatyouwithoutwords.Here“and”isusedtointroducearesult.Whenusedinthissense,thesentencebeginswithaverbandequalsan“If…”1.MoveagainandIwillkillyou.

=Ifyoumoveagain,Iwillkillyou.2.Fiveminutesearlierandwecouldhavecaughtthetrain.=Ifwehadbeenfiveminutesearlier,wecouldhavecaughtthetrain.1.WhoareyoutosaywhatIshoulddo?

你有什么权力说我该干什么？Whoareyoutosaywhatgoes?You’renothingbutatrashman.2.你有什么权力说我被解雇了？你又不是我的老板WhoareyoutosayI’mfired?Youarenotmybossatall.nothingbut:only你只不过是个贼。Youarenothingbutathief.Translationboast:v.talktoproudlyaboutone’sabilities,achievements,ect他吹牛说他能流利的说六种语言。Heboastedthathecouldspeaksixlanguagesfluently.TranslationPatterns:boastof/about::speaktooproudlyofIwishshewouldn’tboastaboutherfamilysomuch.我但愿她不要过分吹嘘自己的家庭Translation9.original:

1)first,earliest.最初的

2)newanddifferent新颖的,与众不同的

1.TheoriginalownerofthehousewasaFrenchman.

这房子原来的主人是个法国人。Therearenooriginalideasinhiswork.

2.他的作品没有什么新意。Translationcontraryto:completelydifferentandopposedtoeachother与…相反的是Contrarytoallouradvice,hegaveuphisjob.1.他不听我们大家的劝告，辞去了工作。Contrarytowhatwehoped,heofferedusnohelpatall.2.与我们的希望相反，他没有帮我们什么忙TranslationIleftthiscountryalittlecleanerthanIfounditthismorning.Meaning:WhenIfinishedmyjobintheevening,Ifoundthecountrywascleanerthanithadbeeninthemorning.Pattern:leave+n.+a.(orv-ing/v-ed)1.Ilefttheroomclean.我离开时房间干干净净。2.Ilefthimwaitingatthestation.我把他留在车站等候。beinfor:begoingtoexperiencesomethingunpleasant.将遭遇Translation天气预报说将有风暴。1.Theweatherreportsaysweareinforastorm.You’llbeinfortroublewhentheyfindoutwhobrokethewindow.2.如果他们发现谁打破了窗户，你肯定会有麻烦。SummaryBothSteveandIare_____________afterfourhours’continuoushardwork.Theworkasatrash-manis_____.Dump.Lift.Walk.Lift.OnSaturday