新编实用英语综合教程3Unit4TrainingAcrossCultures讲课讲稿

Unit|FourTraining

AcrossCultures高等教育(gāoděngjiàoyù)出版社高等教育(gāoděngjiàoyù)电子音像出版社第一页，共100页。UnitGoals:WhatYouShouldLearntoDo1.Introducejoborientationtraining2.Explaincorporatepolicies3.Careforthefreshhands4.Talkabouttheincome5.Discussthetrainingprogramme6.WriteaninvitationforaconferenceWhatYouShouldKnowAbout1.Culturedifferenceswouldcausestereotypesandmisunderstandings2.WhyyoushouldkeepchangingintheITage3.Conferenceinvitation第二页，共100页。ContentsSectionⅤAppreciatingCultureTipsSectionⅣMaintainingaSharpEyeSectionⅠTalkingFacetoFaceSectionⅡBeingAllEarsSectionⅢTryingYourHand第三页，共100页。SectionⅠTalkingFacetoFaceTalkingFollowtheSamplesIntroductionActOutBusinessCommunicationPutinUse第四页，共100页。Mostcompaniesoffersometypeofjoborientationtrainingwhichintroducesnewemployeestothecompanyandexplainscorporatepoliciestothem.PattyLuwrotealettertoEasternConsultingGroupfortheirApriltraining.Nowlet’sreadthelettershewrotetotheconsultingagency.IntroductionUnit|Four第五页，共100页。IntroductionUnit|Four第六页，共100页。IntroductionBackUnit|Four第七页，共100页。

Manager:Goodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen!Welcometoourtrainingprogramme.NewEmployees:Goodmorning.Manager:Asyouknow,allournewemployeeswillhaveanorientationtrainingbeforetheystartworking.Pleasecometothefirstorientationmeetingtomorrowmorningwherewewillintroduceyoutotherulesandregulationsaboutourhotel.NewEmployees:Excuseme,couldyoupleasetelluswhereweshouldstartfrom?Manager:Well,Ithinkthefirstessentialthingistheappearance.Fromnowon,you’llbeworkingforthishotel,andyourpersonalappearanceandbehaviourareessential.Youshouldalwayskeepcleanandtidy,payattentiontoyourhair,uniforms,shoesandnails.Andyou,gentlemen,arenotallowedtohaveabeard.NewEmployees:Whatelseshouldwepayattentionto?Manager:Youshouldalsorememberyouareworkinginateam.Soteamworkisofparticularsignificance.NewEmployees:Youmeanweshouldbegoodteamplayers?Manager:Yes,andyoumustknowthehotel’sserviceswell.Ithinkthat’sallIhavetotellyouforthepresent.Thankyouforcomingandseeallofyoutomorrowmorning.NewEmployees:Seeyoutomorrow.FollowtheSamples1AbouttheOrientationTraining第八页，共100页。2TrainingaNewSecretaryMs.Wang:Ms.Li,couldyoutellmehowtooperatethelaserprinter?Ms.Li:Yes,letmeshowyou.First,switchtheprinter’spoweron.Thepowerswitchishere,OK?Ms.Wang:Uh-uh.Ms.Li:Next,openthemenuforPrint.Ms.Wang:Yes,I’vegotit.Ms.Li:Thensetthepagenumberandthenumberofcopies.Ms.Wang:WhatifIwanttwocopiesofthefile?Ms.Li:Then,clickthenumberofcopies,that’s2inyourcase.Andhereitis.Gotit?Ms.Wang:Yes,Ithinkso.CanItrynow?Ms.Li:Ofcourse...Howdoyoufeelaboutusingthisnewsystem?Ms.Wang:I’mprettycomfortablewithit.Thankyou.Ms.Li:You’rewelcome.Back第九页，共100页。ActOutHereisagroupofshortdialogues.Followtheexamplesandmakemoreconversationswithyourpartner.第十页，共100页。第十一页，共100页。Back第十二页，共100页。PutinUse1Imagineyourcompanyhastohiresomenewemployees.Everyemployeehastobetrainedbeforebeingputintoworkpositions.YouandBillarediscussingthetrainingprogramme.CompletethefollowingdialoguebytranslatingtheChineseintoEnglish.You:Hi,Bill,mayIdiscussthetrainingprogrammewithyou?Bill:Sure,comein.Haveaseat,please.What’stheproblem?You:Nowwe’regoingto1______________________(聘用(pìnyònɡ)更多人员).Oneproblemwehavehereis2__________________________________________________(由谁来培训和监管新员工).Thesedays,we’reabitshorthanded,anditcostsalottotrainnewemployees.Bill:Whatkindoftrainingareyougoingtooffer?You:Twoweeks’trainingwithanadditionalweekforeachnewemployeeworkingunderasupervisor.3_________________________________________________________________________________________(培训一个员工上岗独立工作一般要花3周时间).Butinthelastweek,theproductivityofthesupervisorusuallydropsby50%.Normally,ittakesthreeweekstotrainanemployeebeforehe/shecanworkonhis/herownhire/employmorepeoplewhowilltrainandsupervisethenewemployeeswehire第十三页，共100页。Bill:That’swhereyou’rewrong:4_________________________(培训班时间过长).Nowadays,almostalloperationsarecomputerized.Itmightbepossibletoreducethetrainingtimewiththehelpofthecomputer.You:5__________________________________________________________________________________________________(多数新员工根本不懂计算机，因此教他们使用计算机也需要时间).Sothetrainingtimecan’tbereduced.Bill:Thenwhydon’tyouchangetogroupsupervision,withonepersonsupervisingthewholegroup?6_____________________________________(这种方式可以(kěyǐ)缩短培训时间)andfreeyoursupervisors.ThatwayyoucancutdownthetrainingtimethetrainingsessionsaretoolongButthenewemployeesdon’tknowanythingaboutthecomputeranditalsotakestimetotrainthemtousethecomputer第十四页，共100页。You:Pleasesitdown,Mr.Wang.Iwouldliketogiveyousomeinformationonthesecuritysysteminourhotel,1________________________________.(主要是关于防火和办公室安全。)Employee:Thankyou.You:Alltheroomsareequippedwithsmokesensors,2___________________________________________________.(并由自动喷水系统控制。)Employee:MayIknowifthepipesofthesprinklersystemareinthebasement?You:Yes,theyare.3__________________________.(讲解完毕我就带各位到处看看。)Employee:Bytheway,whereistheexit?You:Thereis4_________________________________________.(在每个楼层走廊的两端都有安全出口。)Employee:Whatifanythingurgenthappensintheelevator?You:5________________________________________________.(你可以拨打电梯电话上的应急(yìngjí)号码。)2ImagineyouareasecurityofficerfromSecurityDepartment.Youareexplainingtoanewemployeeaboutthesecuritysysteminthehotel.CompletethefollowingdialoguebytranslatingtheChineseintoEnglish.mainlyonfirepreventionandofficesafetyandcontrolledbytheautomaticsprinklersystemI’llshowyouaroundafterthetalkoneateitherendofthecorridoroneachfloorYoucandialtheemergencynumberonthetelephonesetthereBack第十五页，共100页。BusinessCommunicationTranslation3Supposeyouaregoingtoprovideastafftrainingcoursetothecompanywhichhasjustboughtyoursoftwareproduct.Now,youarerequiredtogiveabriefaccountofthetrainingprogrammetotheclient.YouaregivensomeinformationinChinese,readitcarefullyandgetreadytotranslateitorally.我们决定对贵方雇员进行该软件操作的培训。通过培训，贵方员工将熟悉该系统的基本功能和特点。同时(tóngshí)，他们也会了解一些相关的计算机辅助软件。培训后，他们将能操作和使用上述软件系统及相关的计算机辅助软件。培训费用均由我方负责。第十六页，共100页。第十七页，共100页。Key:

We’regoingtogiveanoperationaltrainingcourseonthissoftwaretoyourstaff.Throughthetraining,youremployeeswillgetfamiliarizedwiththebasicfunctionsandfeaturesofthesystem.Meanwhile,theywillalsogainsomeknowledgeoftherelatedcomputer-aidedsoftware.Aftertrainingtheywillbeabletooperateandusethesoftwaresystemaswellastherelevantcomputer-aidedsoftware.Wewillberesponsibleforallthetrainingcost.Back第十八页，共100页。SECTIONIIBeingAllEarsListeningListenandRespondListenandJudgeListenandReadListenandTranslate第十九页，共100页。ListenandJudge1Listentoadialogueanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).WriteT/Faccordingly.WangisgoingtotakeoverLi’sjobasasecretary.2)LitellsWangsomethingabouttheofficeequipmentfirst.3)Theworkinghoursinthemorningarefromeighttotwelve.4)Theworkinghoursintheafternoonarefromtwotosix.5)Intheboss’sopinion,it’simportanttokeepeverythinginorder.Script第二十页，共100页。

Li:MissWang,youwillbetakingovermyjobasthesecretaryherefromnextMondayon.Nowletmetellyouabouttheofficerulesfirst.Wang:Thankyou,Mrs.Li.It’sveryimportantformetoknowaboutthem.Li:Theworkinghoursarefromeighttotwelveinthemorningandfromonetofiveintheafternoon.Besurenottobelateorabsent.Wang:I’malwayspunctual.Li:Tobeagoodsecretary,you’llhavetobequitefamiliarwiththeofficeroutinesandtrytolearntodoeverythingasquicklyaspossible.Wang:Yes,I’lltrymybest.Li:Andonemorething,ourbossmakesapointofkeepingeverythinginorder.Soyou’dbetterbecarefulaboutthisanddon’tmovethingsabout.Otherwise,he’llbeannoyedwithyou.Wang:OK.I’llbearthatinmind.Thanksalotforwhatyouhavetoldme.Script:Back第二十一页，共100页。ListenandRespond2Listentothedialogueagainandgiveshortanswerstothefollowingquestions.1)WhenisMissWanggoingtotakeoverthejobasasecretary?2)WhatisMrs.LigoingtotellMissWang?3)Whatshouldonedoinordertobeagoodsecretary?4)Whatdoesthebossmakeapointofdoing?5)Whatshouldthesecretarydoinordertoavoidannoyingtheboss?FromnextMondayon.Abouttheofficerules.Oneshouldbequitefamiliarwithofficeroutinesandtrytolearntodoeverythingquickly.Keepingthingsinorder.Becarefulnottomovethingsabout.Script第二十二页，共100页。

Li:MissWang,youwillbetakingovermyjobasthesecretaryherefromnextMondayon.Nowletmetellyouabouttheofficerulesfirst.Wang:Thankyou,Mrs.Li.It’sveryimportantformetoknowaboutthem.Li:Theworkinghoursarefromeighttotwelveinthemorningandfromonetofiveintheafternoon.Besurenottobelateorabsent.Wang:I’malwayspunctual.Li:Tobeagoodsecretary,you’llhavetobequitefamiliarwiththeofficeroutinesandtrytolearntodoeverythingasquicklyaspossible.Wang:Yes,I’lltrymybest.Li:Andonemorething,ourbossmakesapointofkeepingeverythinginorder.Soyou’dbetterbecarefulaboutthisanddon’tmovethingsabout.Otherwise,he’llbeannoyedwithyou.Wang:OK.I’llbearthatinmind.Thanksalotforwhatyouhavetoldme.Script:Back第二十三页，共100页。I’mhappytotakethisopportunityto1__________ourtrainingprogrammesandhopethis2__________willbeofhelptoyou.Allourtrainingprogrammesaredesignedto3__________localstaffandmanagementto4__________properworkskillsanddevelopforeignlanguageabilities.Thepresentprogrammeis5__________tobeginonApril4,andfinishonApril8.Weexpectthetotalstayforthe6__________willbefivedaysatleast.Thatis,thetraineesshouldarriveontheeveningofApril3and7__________intheafternoonofApril8.Oneoftheuniqueaspectsofourprogrammesisthatcoursesare8__________withmaterialsthatcanmeetthetrainees’languagelevel,andmeettheneedsoftheircompanies.We9__________Englishtrainingwithjobrelatedtraininginsuchareasassecretarialsupport,marketing,negotiationandhumanresourcesmanagement.Candidatesfortrainingare10__________throughcomprehensivetesting.ListenandRead3Listentothefollowingpassageandfillintheblanksaccordingtotheinformationyouhaveheard.Backintroduceinformationenableacquireplannedtraineesleavedesignedcombinequalified第二十四页，共100页。ListenandTranslate4YouaregoingtolistentoashortpassageandyoushouldtrytotranslatewhatyouhearintoChineseorally.Key:我们是一家专业营销培训中心。我中心除提供常规的营销课程外，还有一些独特(dútè)的课程供你选择，例如5种外语的培训。自2002年本中心成立以来，我们已用优质的教学和一流的学习环境为7000多人提供了培训。Back第二十五页，共100页。

Weareaprofessionalmarketingtrainingcentre.Besidesprovidingregularcoursesrelatedtomarketing,wealsooffersomeexclusivecoursesforyoutochoosefrom,suchascoursesoffiveforeignlanguages.Withhigh-qualityteachingandinatop-classlearningenvironment,wehaveprovidedtrainingformorethan7000peoplesincethecentrewasfoundedin2002.Script:Back第二十六页，共100页。SECTIONIIITryingYourHandAppliedWritingReadandSimulateSimulateandCreateGeneral

WritingWriteThroughCorrectingMistakesReadandJudgeWriteThroughTranslationWriteThroughDescribingaPicture第二十七页，共100页。ReadandSimulate1Readthefollowingtwosamplesofinvitationsforanannualacademicconferenceandlearntowriteyourown.AppliedWritingBack第二十八页，共100页。ReadandSimulate1Readthefollowingtwosamplesofinvitationsforanannualacademicconferenceandlearntowriteyourown.AppliedWriting敬爱的威廉博士：渝州学院管理系荣幸地邀请您为我院学术年会作客演讲，年会将于2011年8月13日（星期六）上午9:00在我院国际(guójì)报告厅举行。学术讨论会的主题是“劳务培训面面观”。您作为这个领域的专家，我们相信您的观点将对我们很有价值。您将会收到更详细的通知，但是我们十分希望很快能收到您接受邀请的答复，以便我们能安排会议日程。主任赵林谨启2011年7月15日第二十九页，共100页。Back第三十页，共100页。Back第三十一页，共100页。ReadandJudge1DecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsareT(true)orF(false)accordingtotheabovetwoletters.Back1TheannualacademicconferenceistobeheldattheInternationalLectureHallat9:00p.m.2ThethemeoftheconferenceisPerspectivesonLabourTraining.3TheChineseDepartmentofYuzhouCollegeofferedinvitationstoAmericandistinguishedguests.4LiuDongisthesymposiumcoordinatorofTheThreeGorgesCollegeofAppliedTechnology.5ProfessorSmithisafamousscholarinthefieldofSino-AmericanCulturalStudies.第三十二页，共100页。DearMs.Lu,IhavejustlearnedthatourTaiwanbranchwill1__________________________(举办一个培训项目)inlateMarchandearlyApril.Therefore,Mr.Jordan,ourin-housetrainingexpert,cannotbereleasedto2______________________________________________(主持新销售代表的培训项目)inTianjin.YoumaytalktoMr.Jordandirectlyto3___________________________(听听他的建议和过去的经验)intheChinateam.HemayhavemorevaluableideasthanIdo.Ihavebeeninterestedinourlastconversationon4_________________________(对外招聘培训人员(rényuán)).CanyoualsocontactMs.Jee,EasternConsultingGroup(Singapore)?Tomyknowledge,ECGisaprofessionaltrainingfirmthat5__________________________(在亚洲的声誉很好).Meanwhile,Iwillsendyoulastyear’strainingmaterialforyourreference.You6____________________________________________(可以和咨询公司一起把材料研究一下)sothattheyhaveanunderstandingof7_____________________________________(我们所期望的培训内容).WishyousuccessintheAprilprogramme.CharlesSheng2CompletethefollowingletteraccordingtotheChineseinthebrackets.SimulateandCreatehaveatrainingprogrammeconductthenewsalesrepresentativetrainingprogrammeseekhisadviceandpastexperiencesearchingforanoutsidetrainerenjoysagoodreputationinAsiamayreviewthematerialswiththeconsultingfirmwhatsortoftrainingcontentweexpectUnit|Four第三十三页，共100页。3WriteaninvitationforacademicconferenceaccordingtotheChinesegivenbelow.请以重庆应用技术学院建筑系系主任王勇的名义给美国的著名建筑学专家Dr.RobertWhite写一封邀请函，邀请他于今年10月光临该校讲学(jiǎngxué)，并诚恳地希望他能接受邀请。收信人地址：StateUniversityofNewYork,685BaldyHall,NewYork14260ChongqingCollegeofAppliedTechnologyP.R.ChinaMay10,2011Dr.RobertWhiteStateUniversityofNewYork685BaldyHall,NewYork14260USA第三十四页，共100页。Back3WriteaninvitationforacademicconferenceaccordingtotheChinesegivenbelow.DearDr.White,Iampleasedtolearnthatyourworkinthefieldofarchitectureiswellknown,IwouldliketoinviteyoutoourcollegetogiveusalectureinOctoberthisyear.ArchitecturehasalwaysbeenthetoppriorityatChongqingCollegeofAppliedTechnology,andIwouldbehonouredtohaveyouspeaktous.Isincerelyhopeyoucouldgiveusafavourablereplyatyourearliestconvenience.Ilookforwardtohearingfromyousoon.Sincerelyyours,WangYongWangYongDeanoftheArchitectureDepartment第三十五页，共100页。General

WritingExpressingFunctions

Whendescribingtheuses,functions,structures,orworkingmechanicsofsomething,theauthorshouldtrytobeobjective.Thesefeaturescanbeintroducedindifferentwayssuchasillustration,exemplification,comparison,etc.Thekeypointhere,however,istobeaccurateandclearinwriting.Imperativesentencepatternsarefrequentlyusedingivinginstructionsofusesandfunctions.第三十六页，共100页。Back第三十七页，共100页。Insertyourcardfaceupintothecardslotonthemachineteller.

Enteryoursix-digitalidentificationnumberonthenumberedbuttons.Pressthe“withdraw”buttonforeithercheckingorsavings.Entertheamountofthewithdrawal;andwaitforyourreceipttobeprinted.

Removeyourcardfromtheslot.Thedrawerwillopenwithyourreceiptandyourcashwithdrawalinfiftyoronehundreddollarbills.4Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingsentences.WriteThroughCorrectingMistakesBackToinsertyourcardfaceupintothecardslotonthemachineteller.2)Enteringyoursix-digitalidentificationnumberonthenumberedbuttons.3)Pressthe“withdraw”buttonforeithercheckingorsaving.4)Entertheamountofthewithdrawal;andwaitforyourreceipttoprint.5)Toremoveyourcardfromtheslot.Thedrawerwillopenwithyourreceiptandyourcashwithdrawalinfiftyoronehundreddollarbills.第三十八页，共100页。Digitalcamerasdon’tusefilmatall;instead,theystoredigitalimages.Whenyouchooseamobilephone,youshouldconsiderthetypeandcapacityofitsbattery.Whiletheflashisstillchargingandtheflashlampisblinking,theshutterwillnotrelease.Computersworkinnumerouswondersinmedicalscienceandspacetravel,aswellasinscientificresearch.Makesurethattheinstructionsfortheuseofthishighpressurecookerarestrictlyobserved.WriteThroughTranslationBack5TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.数码相机根本不用胶卷；而是存储数字图像。2)当你选择手机时，你应当考虑它的电池类型和容量。3)在闪光灯充电，而且闪光指示灯闪烁（blink）时，快门不打开。4)计算机在医学、航天以及(yǐjí)科学研究中创造了无数奇迹。5)一定要严格遵守压力锅的使用说明。第三十九页，共100页。WriteThroughDescribingaPicture6TheOctopuscardisarechargeablestoredvaluesmartcardwhichisusedtoperformpaymentsinonlineorofflinesystemsinHongKong.Writeashortpassageofabout100wordsonthetopic:TheOctopusCard.YourwritingmustbebasedonthefollowingoutlinegiveninChinese.Youarealsogivensomewordsorexpressionsforreference.第四十页，共100页。BackKey:LaunchedinSeptember1997forthemasstransitsystem,theOctopuscardsystemwasthefirstcontactlesssmartcardsystemintheworldandhassincegrownintoawidelyusedpaymentsystemforvirtuallyallpublictransportsystemsinHongKong.TheOctopusisalsousedforpaymentatconveniencestores,supermarkets,fast-foodrestaurants,carparks,andotherpoint-of-saleapplicationssuchasservicestationsandvendingmachines.ThesloganofOctopusCardLimitedanditsproducts(thecards)is“MakingEverydayLifeEasier”,whichispartofthemissionstatementofthecorporation.第四十一页，共100页。SECTIONIVMaintainingaSharpEyePASSAGEIPASSAGEIIInformationRelatedtotheReadingPassageTextLanguagePointsReadandCompleteReadandTranslateReadandSimulateReadandTranslateInformationRelatedtotheReadingPassageTextLanguagePointsReadandRewriteReadandThinkReadandJudge第四十二页，共100页。InformationRelatedtotheReadingPassageCulturalStereotypesAboutAmericansHereisalistofculturalstereotypeswhichEnglishlearnerswhohaveneverbeentotheUSorwhohaveneverhadanyAmericanfriendsmightfindinteresting.Readandseewhichofthefollowingareyourstereotypesandwhich,ifany,areaccuratedescriptionsoftheAmericanculture?PhysicalAppearanceandDress•MostAmericansareverytallwithblueeyesandblondhair.•AllAmericanmenareashandsomeasmoviestars.•MenintheUShavemuscularbuilds;theyresembleArnoldSchwarzeneggerorSylvesterStallone.Americanmenliketowearshort,sleevelessT-shirtstoshowofftheirphysiques.•Americanwomenareeitherunusuallyfatorunusuallythin,neverofnormalbuild.•WomenintheUSwearalotofmake-up.•Americanswearverybrightcoloursandtheywearsummerclotheseveninwinter.•ThetypicalAmerican“nativedress”isjeans,cowboyboots,andacowboyhat.第四十三页，共100页。WorkandLeisure•Americansspendalmostalldayatwork;theyhaveverylittlefreetime.•Althoughtheyareextremelypunctualandefficientintheirjobs,Americansdon’tconsidertheirworkimportant;familycomesfirst.•ThefirsttwothingsanAmericanwantstodiscussaresalaryandage.•Thetwomostpopularleisure-timeactivitiesintheUSaremoviesandvideos.•Youngpeopleusuallyjusttakewalksforfun,becausethey’renotallowedtodrinkorgotodiscos.CommunicationandSocialInteraction•Americansspeakveryquickly.Theyusetheirhandsalot,oftengesturinginanexaggeratedwaywhentheytalk.Theirstrangeintonationmakestheirspeechsoundlikesinging.•AmericanEnglishisextremelydifficulttounderstandbecausepeoplespeakasiftheywerechewinggum.•ThetypicalAmericanisoftenputtinghisfeetonadeskortable.Heyawnsalot,nevertryingtohideit.Ininternationalaffairsasinpersonallife,Americansdowhatevertheywantanddon’tcarewhatotherpeoplethink.Back第四十四页，共100页。

Didyouknowthatiftheworldpopulationwerereducedto100people,61ofthemwouldbefromAsia,12fromEurope,13fromAfrica,and14fromtheWesternhemisphere?Orthatonly7wouldspeakEnglish?Howaboutthe69peoplewhowouldpractise

areligionotherthanChristianity?Whenourworldisshrunktothesizeofavillage,it’seasytofindhowdiverseourfellowcoworkers,friends,andneighboursare.Andindeed,theworldisgettingsmaller.Newtechnologiesarebringingfarawaylandsstraighttoourdesktop,companiesareimportingfromandexportingtoforeigncountries,andemployersmore

than

everarehiringinternationalstafftobetterservethediversepopulation.Clearly,it’simpossibletograspcomplexculturaldifferencesinjustone

sitting,buttohelpyouinteractwithpeoplefromotherculturessuccessfully,Ihavelistedthefollowinghelpfultipsfrommyyearsoftrainingpractice.PASSAGEICulturalDiversityintheWorkplace第四十五页，共100页。StereotypingIt’simportanttorememberwheninteractingwithpeoplefromdifferentcultures,nottostereotypethembasedonyourformerexperienceswiththeirculture.Peopledevelopdifferentsetsofvalues,preferences,andstylesofcommunicationbasedonadiversenumberoffactorsintheirlives.Justbecauseonepersonwasraisedinthe

samecountryasanotherdoesn’tmeanthey’llhold

thesamevalues.Language

Languageandcommunicationdifferencesarethemostdifficultobstaclestoovercome.Toeasecommunicationpressurewithnon-Englishspeakers,trytoavoidjargonwords,speakslowly,andbepatient.RemembertheEnglishlanguageisinfamousforitsgrammaticalcomplexities,andevennativeEnglishspeakerssometimesstumbleovercorrectspellingandwordcontext.Timedifferences

MostAmericansmeasuretheirdailyscheduleonthehandsofaclock,understandingproductivitythroughthemaximizationoftime.Butothercountries,especiallyLatinAmericanandAfricannations,oftenseetimeasplentifulratherthanfleeting.Theideaofstrictdeadlines,therefore,canbeconfusingtonon-Westerners.12第四十六页，共100页。Individual

versus

collectiveOneofthemostimportantdifferencestoconsiderwhenworkingwithpeoplefromdifferentculturesistheindividualversuscollectivemindset.Forexample,manyAmericansoperateasindividuals,measuringtheirsuccessesorfailuresontheirindependentcontributionstotheircompany;thisisoftenvaluedasafeatureofindependenceandself-madesuccess.Collectivistcultures,ontheotherhand,valueemployeeswhoworkwellingroupsandhaveloyaltytowardotheremployeesaswellastheircompany.ThiscansometimesmakeitmoredifficulttomeasureaccomplishmentsbasedonWesternstandards.Culturaldiversitydoesn’tjustmeandifferencesindressandlanguage.Italsoencompassesdifferentwaysofthinking,managing,andcommunicating.Diversityisaconceptthatcountersdiscriminationandembracestheinclusionofpeoplewithvariousexperiencesandbackgroundssuchaseducation,parentalstatus,geographiclocation,language,andculture.Diversityisaboutlearningfromothers,providingsupportandrespecttothosewithsimilaranddifferentexperiences,andcreatinganencouragingworkplacethatwelcomesnewopinions.Whetherthey’reyourcoworkers,friends,orclients,it’salwaysimportanttobecourteous,respectful,andinvitingtoothers.Andifyoufind

yourselfstumblingaroundunfamiliarculturaltraits,remembermynumberonerule:“Just