直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应注意

直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应注意

的变化1.句式结构上的变化

解题步骤:1).陈述句变间接引语时，用that连接,that无实际意义，可省略。例:“Idon’tlikecomputers,”

Sarahsaidtoherfriends.SarahsaidtoherfriendsthatIdon’tlikecomputers.saiddidn’tsheSarahsaid(toherfriends)(that)shedidn’tlike

computers.Sarah2).一般疑问句，选择疑问句变间接引语时，要用陈述语气，并要加连词if或whether。“Isiteasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil?”,theyaskedhim.They

asked

himif/whetheritis

easytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.askedwasTheyaskedhim

ifitwaseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.3).特殊疑问句变间接引语要用特殊疑问词引导。

Theyaskedhim“Whendoyouharvestthewheat?”Theyaskedhimwhenyou

harvest

thewheat.heharvestedTheyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.2.时态变化

直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语的时态要与主句的时态一致.1）主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的时候，间接引语时态不变。Hesays:"Iboughtyouabookyesterday.”Hesaysthat

heboughtmeabookyesterday.2).当主句为过去时，从句要跟着相应的变化,变化如下：一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时一般将来时一般过去时过去完成时过去进行时一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去将来时过去完成时不变不变往前推一个时态1.“Iamverygladtovisityourschool”,shesaid.

Shesaidthatshewas

verygladtovisitourschool.

2.Tomsaid,“Wearelisteningtothepopmusic.”

Tomsaidthattheywerelisteningtothepopmusic.

3.Motherasked,“HaveyoufinishedyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV?”

MotheraskedmewhetherIhad

finishedmy

homeworkbeforeIwatchedTV.

4.Heaskedtheconductor,“WhereshallIgetoff

tochangetoaNo.3bus?”Heaskedtheconductor

wherehewould

getofftochangetoaNo.3bus.

5.“Whydidsherefusetogothere?”theteacherasked.

Theteacheraskedwhyshehadrefusedtogothere.

6.Motheraskedme,“Hadyoufinishedyourhomework

beforeyouwatchedTV?”MotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinished

myhomeworkbeforeIwatchedTV.注意：

1>.直接引语为客观真理时，间接引语时态不变，仍用一般现在时。例如：Teachersaidto

us:"Themoonmovesroundtheearth."Teachertoldusthemoon

movesroundtheearth.

Theteachersaid

tous:“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”Theteachersaidthatlight

travelsfasterthansound.2>.直接引语为一般过去时并且与具体时间状语连用时，间接引语仍用一般过去时。例如

：Shesaid:"IwenttoEnglandin1998.”ShesaidshewenttoEnglandin1998.直接引语里的第一人称和第二人称，变间接引语时，人称要做相应调整。例如：直接引语Shesaid:“Iamhungry。”间接引语Shesaidshe

washungry.直接引语Mumsaidtome:“Youcancleanyourbedroomtomorrow.”间接引语Mum

toldmethat

Icould

cleanmybedroomthenextday.Mr.Smithsaid，“Heisagoodworker.’’Mr.Smithsaidthathewasagoodworker.

3.人称的变化“一主、二宾、三不变”4.其他变化

直接引语

间接引语指示代词时间状语地点状语方向性动词this,that,thesethosenow,today，thisweekyesterdaylastweekfourdaysagotomorrownextmonththedayaftertomorrowthedaybeforeyesterdaythen,thatdaythatweekthedaybeforetheweekbeforefourdaysbeforethenextdaythenextmonthintwodays’timetwodaysbeforeherethere

come,

go,bring

takeSummary

直接引语间接引语陈述句一般疑问句特殊疑问句祈使句that引导if/whether引导原疑问词引导ask/toldsbtodosth.1.主句为现在时态2.主句为过去时态时态不变往前推一个时态第一人称第二人称第三人称与主句主语人称一致与主句宾语人称一致不变……句式结构时态人称其他宾语从句语序疑问句陈述句语序MichaelPhelpspractice“Ihavealongbodyandlongarms,agiftandloveforswimming.”Phelpssaid

hehadalongbodyandlongarms,andagiftandloveforswimming.“IstartedswimmingatanyoungageinordertotreatmyADHDdisease.”

Phelpssaid

hehadstartedswimmingatanyoungageinordertotreathisADHDdisease.“Ireceivea5-hourtrainingeveryday.”Phelpssaid

hereceived

a5-hourtrainingeveryday.“Ialwaysdesiretobethewinner,towingoldmedalsandtobreakworldrecords.”Phelpssaid

healwaysdesiredtobethewinner,towingoldmedalsandtobreakworldrecords.“Oneofmyfavoritethingsistocompetewiththebestswimmersintheworld.”Phelpssaidoneof

hisfavoritethingswastocompetewiththebestswimmersintheworld.“Ihavemanygoals,andallofthemarehigh.”

Phelpssaid

he

had

manygoals,andallofthemwerehigh.“IwillalwaystrymybesttobePhelpsNo.1.”Phelpssaid

hewouldalwaystryhisbesttobePhelpsNo.1.SecretsofPhelps’success?giftinterestdeterminationcouragehardworkambition……SB:P.5Ex.2

Changethesentenceseitherintodirectspeechorindirectspeech:1.Annesaidthatshedidn’tknowtheaddressofhernewhome.2.Annetoldherfatherthatshehadgottiredoflookingatnaturethroughdirtycurtainsanddustywindows.3.Thegirlsaidthatshe

neededtopackupherthingsinthesuitcaseveryquickly.

4.Herfatheraskedherwhyshe

chose/hadchosen

herdiaryandoldletters.5.“Areyouveryhotwi