阅读理解事实细节

理解事实细节考查考生对事实细节的理解。是高考英语阅读中占比重最大的一类题型。根据试题答案和文中信息的关系，我们又可以分为：语意转换题：正确答案是用意义相同或相近的词语来表达文中相应的信息。信息归纳题：正确答案是精练的语言来概括原文中比较分散或比较复杂的信息。细节推断题：根据文中提供的两个或几个信息点，进行简单的逻辑推理，得出正确答案。先后排序题：要求考生根据动作或事件发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，进行排序。提问方式这类题主要是针对who,what,which,why,how,when,where等来提问的。如：(1)Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue/NOTtrue/false,accordingtothepassage?(2)Whichofthefollowingstatementsis(not)correct?

(3)Inthepassage,whichofthefollowingismentioned/notmentioned?(4)AllthefollowingstatementsarenottrueEXCEPT______.(5)AllthestatementsaretrueEXCEPT_____.(6)Choosetherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage?一般可以在文章中直接或间接找到答案，但是不可能与阅读材料一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型表达相同的意思。但正确选项应当与主旨相关联。解题技巧1.迅速定位，缩小范围：通过寻读法，用题干或选项中的关键词在文中搜寻，迅速确定相关词句或信息点所在的位置，缩小阅读范围。题干和选项中可用来在文中搜索关键词可能是专有名词、数词、实体名词，以及这些词的同义表达等。解题步骤2.理解其意，对照选项：在找到这些关键词句后，要仔细阅读，准确理解，对照选项，看哪个选项的意思与之最接近。3.排除干扰，选出答案：在作出选择的过程中，要善于辨别真伪，排除干扰，不断缩小范围，选出正确答案，这就是我们常说的排除法。解题步骤杜撰事实，无中生有。文中根本找不到任何相关信息，完全由命题人所捏造。偷梁换柱，以假乱真。采用原文中的句式和大部分词汇，但换了个别词，改变原意。半真半假，虚虚实实。干扰项与原文相关细节部分相同，部分相悖。文不对题，滥竽充数。干扰项是原文中的事实细节，但与题干要求不符。干扰项特征留意否定词。如果题干中含有否定意义的词语，如有NOT,EXCEPT,least,never等，要特别留心，不要理解错了，而选相反的答案。

。巧解排序题。可以采用“首位定位法”，即先找出第一个动作和最后一个动作，迅速缩小范围，快速选出正确答案。温馨提示(1)Inthefirstcase,wherewedon’ttelltheclerk,acoupleofthingswouldhappen.Deepdowninsidewewouldknowourselvesasatypeofthief.Intheprocess,wewouldlosesomepeaceofmindandself-respect.Wewouldalsodemonstratethatwecannotbetrusted,sinceweadvertiseour-dishonorbytellingourfamilyandfriends.Wedamageourownreputationsbytellingothers.(2007广东B)47.Theauthorthinksthatkeepingsilentabouttheunchargeditemisequalto________.

lying B.stealing C.cheating D.advertisingB(2)Howshouldoneinvestasumofmoneyinthesedaysofinflation(通货膨胀)?Leftinabankitwillhardlykeepitsvalue,howeverhightheinterestrate.Onlyabraveman,oraveryrichone,darestobuyandsellontheStockMarket.Todayitseemsthatoneofthebestwaystoprotectyoursavings,andevenincreaseyourwealthistobuybeautifulobjectsfromthepast.HereIamgoingtooffersomeadviceoncollectingantiquedocks,whichIpersonallyconsiderareamongthemostinterestingofantiques.(2007广东A)41.Accordingtothepassage,collectingantiqueclocks________.A.canhardlykeepthevalueofyoursavingsB.willcostmuchofyoursavingsC.mayincreaseyourwealthD.needsyourbraveryC(1)Inthe119thcenturyEnglandpeoplelikedtogototheseaside.Inthosedays,ladiesworelongbathingdresses,andmenworebathingsuits.Womendidnotwalkaboutonthebeachintheirbathingdresses.Theyhiredabathingmachine.Abathingmachinewasusedforchangingin,andfortakingthebatherdowntothesea.Itcost2pencetohireamachineandanattendant.Whenshehadpaid,thebatherclimbedupthebackstepsandgotintothebathingmachine.Thenshechangedintoherbathingdress.Whenshehadchanged,themachinewaspulleddowntothesea.Thebathingmachinestoppedinthewaterandthebatherwentdownthefrontstepsintothewater.Ifshedidn’twanttogetintothesea,theattendantpulledherin.

65.In19thcenturypeoplewhousedthebathingmachineusuallydidthefollowingthings.Whichistherightorderfordoingthem?Changingintobathingclothingb.Gettingoutofthebathingmachinec.Paying2penced.Gettingintothebathingmachinee.Beingtakendownthebeachf.Gettingintothewatere,d,a,b,f,c B.c,d,a,e,b,fC.c,d,e,a,b,f D.d,a,e,b,f,cB

(2)Fatandshy,BenSaunderswasthelastkidinhisclasspickedforanysportsteam…Itwasamountainbikehereceivedforhis15thbirthdaythatchangedhim.Atfirsthewentbikingaloneinanearbyforest.Thenhebegantoridethebikealongwitharunnerfriend.Gradually,Saunderssetuphismindonbuildinguphisbody,increasinghisspeedandstrength.Attheageof18,heranhisfirstmarathon.ThefollowingyearhemetJohnRidgwayandwashiredasaninstructoratRidgway’sschoolofadventureinScotland,wherehelearntaboutRidgway’scold-waterexploits.Greatlyinterested,SaundersreadallhecouldaboutNorthPoleexplorersandadventures,thedecidedthatthiswouldbehisfuture.In2001,afterbecomingaskillfulskier,Saundersstartedhisfirstlong-distanceexpeditiontowardstheNorthPole…andhe’sskiedmoreoftheNorthPolebyhimselfthananyotherBritishman.Hisoldplaymateswouldnotbelievethechange.

NextOctober,Saunders,27,headssouthfromthecoastofAntarcticatotheSouthPoleandback,a2900-kilometerjourneythathasneverbeencompletedonskis.2.WhichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderoftheeventsthathappenedtoSaunders?a.Heranhisfirstmarathon.b.HeskiedaloneintheNorthPole.c.Herodehisbikeinaforest.d.HeplannedanadventuretotheSouthPole.

Ａ.a-c-d-b B.c-d-a-b

C.a-c-b-d D.c-a-b-dD数字计算题如果问的内容是由数字表示的事实或细节，比如时间，价格，次数，人数等，答案往往要经过计算才能回答，不要轻易从文中直接找出数字，文中直接出现的数据有可能只是其中之一，而要把文中出现的数字都要找到，确定它们之间的关系之后，再做出最后选择，以免理解错误。(1)ViewingPlatformPenguinPlus(+V)Morepersonalizedwildlifeviewinglimitedto130peopleprovidingcloserviewingofthepenguinarrivalthanthema