中药方命名翻译

中药方命名翻译

TranslationofTCMFormula杨明山参照国外资料1方药常用术语方剂prescription,recipe,formula方剂学prescriptionology**1方药常用术语与方剂有关的术语大方grandioseprescriptionsheavyprescription/patentprescription

(L)majorformula(W)小方minorprescriptionssmallprescription/lightprescriptionminorformula緩方mildprescriptiongentleformula急方prescriptionforemergency/urgentprescriptionurgentformula單方single-drugprescriptions/simpleprescriptionssimpleformula複方complexprescription/compositeprescriptioncompoundformula1方药常用术语与方剂有关的术语(续)奇方odd-numberedprescription**odd-numberformula偶方evenprescription**even-numberformula經方classicalprescriptionclassicalremedy時方nonclassicalprescription

post-antiqueformula輕方lightprescriptionlightformula1方药常用术语与方剂有关的术语(续)宣剂dispersingprescriptions燥剂dryprescriptions洩剂purgativeprescriptions湿剂moisteningprescriptions重剂heavyprescriptions寒剂coldprescriptions滑剂lubricatingprescriptions热剂heatprescriptions补剂tonicprescriptions升剂ascendingprescriptions涩剂astringentprescriptions降剂descendingprescriptions1方药常用术语剂型prescriptiontypes1.汤剂(decoction)2.散剂(powder)3.丸剂(bolus,pellet,pill)蜜丸 honeyedbolus水丸 waterpellet/water-pastepill糊丸 pastepill濃縮丸 condensedpellet1方药常用术语剂型prescriptiontypes(续)4.膏剂(extract,ointmentandplaster)浸膏 extract流浸膏 liquidextract煎膏 decoctedpaste软膏 ointment,paste硬膏 plaster5.丹剂(elixir,dan)6.酒剂(medicatedwine,vinum)7.茶剂(medicatedtea)8.药露(distilledmedicinalwater/medicinaldew)1方药常用术语剂型prescriptiontypes(续)9.錠剂、餅剂(lozenge,pastille,trocheandmedicatedcake)10.片剂(tablet)11.糖漿剂(syrup)12.沖剂(granule,infusion*)13.灸剂(moxa-preparation)14.針剂(injection)15.栓剂(suppository)16.胶囊剂(capsule)1方药常用术语配伍composition/combine配伍禁忌

contradictionofcompatibility七情sevenfeatures/relations≠affections*單行 singleapplication/goingalone相須 mutualpromotion/mutualneed相使 mutualenhancement/empowering相畏 mutualantagonism/fearing相恶 inhibition/aversion相杀 detoxification/killing相反 incompatibility/clashing1方药常用术语炮制processing漂bleaching煨toasting蒸steaming泡soaking炒frying蒸露distillation水飛refiningwithwater烘baking煮boiling煅charring,calcining焙mildheating淬quenching炮roasting炙fryingwithliquids*/mix-fry熬simmering2中药译名2.1拉丁药名植物中药甘草 RadixGlycyrrhizae动物中药蛇胆 Fel

Serpentis矿物中药硫磺 NatriiSulfas2中药译名葯用植物拉丁名称源於植物学名学名(属名/种名)+入药部分(根、花、果、叶……)天麻Rhizoma

Gastrodiae(属名)枳殼Fructus

Aurantii(种名)秦艽

RadixGentiannae

Macrophyllae(全称)2中药译名泽泻Rhizoma

AlismatisAlisma

plantagorhizome车前子SemenPlantaginisPlantago

asiatica

SeedPlantago

depressaSeed2中药译名通草MedullaTetrapanacisTetrapanax

papyriferusMedulla薏苡仁SemenCoicisCoix

lachrymaSeed伏苓Poria

Cocos2中药译名須注意同物異名板蓝根RadixIsatidis大青叶FoliumIsatidis3方剂命名与翻译3.1以方中主要药物命名a)以主药一味命名麻黃汤(EphedraDecoction)桂枝汤(CinnamonTwigDecoction)b)以主药二味命名桑菊饮(MulberryLeafandChrysanthemumBeverage)银翘散(LoniceraandForsythiaPowder)c)以三味主药命名麻黄连翹赤小豆汤(Ephedra,ForsythiaandRiceBeanDecoction)3方剂命名与翻译3.2以方中全部組成药物命名a)按組成各味药物全名命名麻黃杏仁石膏甘草汤(麻杏石甘汤)Ephedra,ApricotKernel,GypsumandLicoriceDecoctionMaxingShiganDecoction3方剂命名与翻译3.2以方中全部組成药物命名b)取組成药品中各一個字命名参桂朮甘汤Ginseng,CinnamonTwig,BigheadAtractylodesandLicoriceDecoctionShengui

ZhuganDecoction*参苓白朮散Ginseng,PoriaandBigheadAtractylodesPowderShenling

BaizhuPowder*3方剂命名与翻译3.2以方中全部組成药物命名(续)c)按組成药物味數命名四物汤FourAgentsDecoction六味汤Six-IngredientDecoctiond)按組成药物味數与功效、作用結合命名四君子汤FourGentlemenDecoction四神丸FourSpiritsPill3方剂命名与翻译3.3以功效命名温脾汤SpleenWarmingDecoction3.4以方中有特殊作用的药物命名十枣汤TenJujubesDecoction3.5以方中主药的別名命名鸡苏散MintPowder3方剂命名与翻译3.6以方中主药物与功效或主治結合命名人參养荣丸GinsengConstruction-NourishingPill疏风清热汤Wind-CoursingHeat-ClearingDecoction荊防败毒散SchizonepetaandLedebouriellaToxin-VanquishingPowder龙胆泻肝汤GentianLiver-DrainingDecoction黃連解毒汤CoptisToxin-ResolvingDecoctionAntidotalDecoctionofCoptis3方剂命名与翻译3.7特殊命名以服药時間命名鸡鸣散RoosterCrowingPowderCockcrowPowder**以比喻命名舟車丸喻行气逐水之效BoatsandCartsPill以典故命名吳婆散「吳市吹簫」「寄食漂母」WupoPowder*3方剂命名与翻译3.7特殊命名(续)以方中药物采集特點命名二至丸DoubleSupremePill以方中药物入药部分命名三子养親汤ThreeSeedsFilialDevotionDecoction以炮制法命名十灰散TenCindersPowder3方剂命名与翻译方剂翻译原则简洁原则信息原则回译原则4方剂示例清咽利膈汤Throat-ClearingDiaphragm-DisinhibitingDecoction清瘟败毒饮Scourge-ClearingToxin-VanquishingBeverageAntipyreticandAntitoxicDecoction犀角地黃汤RhinocerosHornandRehmanniaDecoctionFairyDecoctionforTreatingCutaneousInfections銀花解毒汤HoneysuckleDecoctionforRelievingToxin4方剂示例清宮汤Palace-ClearingDecoction仙方活命饮ImmortalFormulaLife-GivingBeverage蒼耳子散XanthiumPowder通窍活血汤Orifice-FreeingBlood-QuickeningDecoction桃红四物汤PeachKernelandCarthamusFourAgentsDecoction4方剂示例溫肺止流丹Lung-WarmingNose-DryingElixir补中益气