四级写作强化班讲义

四级写作强化第二节论说文微博：新东方王江涛微信：jtwang2013一、论说文行文大法：3段，10句左右，120-180词，3-5个关联词，3-5个从句（一）Introduction：第一段，引言/起始/淘金段，3句左右1、图表或图画描述：图表或图画作文1）Generaldescription总体描述：1句，人物/动物/事物+动作+环境（图画）或主题+对象+时间（图表）2）Details1,2,3细节描述：1-2句，挖掘细节词、串连成句3）（Caption文字说明/Symbolicmeanings象征寓意）2、现状说明：提纲或情景作文1）Backgroundinformation背景交代：1句2）Generaltalkofthetopic引出主题：1句3）Thesis:statespecificallywhatyouropinionis

确立论点：1句，全文中心思想（二）Body：第二段，主体/拓展段，4句左右1、Topicsentence：主题句，图画象征寓意，1句2、Argument：论证，2-3句，四大论证手段1)CauseandEffect：因果论证2）Exemplification：举例论证3）CompareandContrast：正反论证

4）图画作文创作原则：联系现实以小见大，把握象征寓意，个体想为群体，具体想为抽象联系现实核心词：represent代表，symbolize象征，epitomize是…的缩影，benaturallyassociatedwith自然与…联系起来3、（Summary：小结，概括论证、总结本段，1句）

（三）Conclusion：结论段，归纳结论或建议措施，3句左右1、Concludingsentence：结论句，1句2、Explanation：解释论证：1句3、包装结尾、展望未来：1句，三大优秀句型1）倒装句：2）强调句：3）虚拟语气：二、图画作文：（一）真题透视：1、2013年6月第一套：教育文化：教育Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthenexpressyourviewsontheimportanceofreadingliterature.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.2、2013年6月第二套：人生哲理Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthenexpressyourviewsontheimportanceofdoingsmallthingsbeforeundertakingsomethingbig.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.3、2013年6月第三套：教育文化：教育Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthenexpressyourviewsontheimportanceoflearningbasicskills.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.4、2013年12月第一套：教育文化：流行文化Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessaybasedonthepicturebelow.YoushouldstartyouressaywithabriefaccountoftheimpactoftheInternetonthewaypeoplecommunicateandthenexplainwhetherelectroniccommunicationcanreplaceface-to-facecontact.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.5、2013年12月第二套：教育文化：流行文化Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessaybasedonthepicturebelow.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefaccountoftheincreasinguseofthemobilephoneinpeople’slifeandthenexplaintheconsequencesofoverusingit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.6、2013年12月第三套：教育文化：教育Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessaybasedonthepicturebelow.YoushouldstartyouressaywithabriefaccountoftheimpactoftheInternetonlearningandthenexplainwhyeducationdoesn’tsimplymeanlearningtoobtaininformation.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.7、2015年6月真题第一套：流行文化Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaybasedonthepicturebelow.Youshouldstartyouessaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthencommentonthiskindofmodernlife.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.8、2015年6月第二套：教育文化：教育Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaybasedonthepicturebelow.Youshouldstartyouessaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthencommentonthekid’sunderstandingofgoingtoschool.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan150words.9、2015年6月第三套：社会热点：两代关系Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaybasedonthepicturebelow.Youshouldstartyouessaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthencommentonparents’roleintheirchildren’sgrowth.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.（二）图画作文范文：2015年6月真题：流行文化Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaybasedonthepicturebelow.Youshouldstartyouessaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthencommentonthiskindofmodernlife.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.第一段：Asissymbolicallyillustrateinthecartoon,apersonisalways

stayinginfrontofacomputernomatterwhetherheorsheis

working,studyingorplaying.Evenwhenheis

sleeping,theimageofsurfingonlineisalsoindispensableinhissweetdreams.第二段：Themetaphoricalportrayalhassubtlyrevealedthedualityoftherelationshipbetweenmanand

computer.Ontheonehand,thereisnodenyingthatthecomputer

iscurrentlyoneofthemostefficienttoolseitherto

entertainoneselfortomeetthework'sneeds.

Butontheotherhand,agoodmanypeopleadmitthattheyaretoomuchaddictedto

computerstomaintain

face-to-facecontactwiththeirfriendsandcolleagues.Onceindulgedinthefictitiousworld,peoplefeelreluctanttoapproachothersandtoconcentrateonreallife.第三段：Hence,itisnecessaryforusto

usecomputersinareasonablewayandrestrainfromoverindulgence.Afterall,the

computerisinventedtoconnectyouandme,andtobringconveniencestoourliferatherthansetabarriertokeeppeoplebeyondreach.三、图表作文：（一）真题透视：1、1991年6月：Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionofnolessthan100wordsonChangesinPeople’sDiet.Studythefollowingtablecarefullyandyourcompositionmustbebasedontheinformationinthetable.Writethreeparagraphsto:1）Statethechangesinpeople’sdiet（饮食）inthepastfiveyears;2）Givepossiblereasonsforthechanges;3）Drawyourownconclusions.Youshouldquoteasfewfiguresaspossible.Food/Year19861987198819891990Grain49%47%46.5%45%45%Milk10%11%11%12%13%Meat17%20%22.5%23%21%FruitandVegetables24%22%20%20%21%Total100%100%100%100%100%2、2002年6月真题：教育文化：流行文化Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicStudentUseofComputers.Youshouldwriteatleast150words,andbaseyourcompositiononthechartandtheoutlinebelow:

1）下图所示为1990年、1995年、2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化；

2）请说明这些变化的原因，（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展方面加以说明）；

3）你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。3、2012年12月真题：Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledEducationPaysbasedonthestatisticsprovidedinthechartbelow(Weeklyearningsof2010).Pleasegiveabriefdescriptionofthechartfirstandthenmakecommentsonit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.（二）图表作文范文：2012年12月真题Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledEducationPaysbasedonthestatisticsprovidedinthechartbelow(Weeklyearningsof2010).Pleasegiveabriefdescriptionofthechartfirstandthenmakecommentsonit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.第一段：Thecolumnchartaboveclearlyillustratesthestatisticsof

theweeklyearningsofpeoplewithdifferenteducationalbackgroundsintheUnitedStatesin2010.Accordingtothedatafrom

U.S.BureauofLaborStatistics,therewasasteadyincreasefrom

$444forpeoplewithlessthanahighschooldiplomato$1,550forthosewithadoctoraldegree.第二段：Thereasonsforthistrendareasfollows.Inthefirstplace,ithaslongbeenanacceptedfactthat

ahigherdegree

isapre-requisiteforapromisingcareer,orfindingagoodjob.Inthesecondplace,inourhighlycompetitivesociety,whetheroneisinChinaortheU.S.,itcanbesaidthatitisimpossibleforapersontofindagoodjobwithapromisingfuturewithoutatleastacollegedegree.第三段：Fromtheanalysisgivenabove,wemaypredictthatinordertoremaincompetitiveintheworkplace

aswellasinsalary,peopleinmountingnumberswillreturnbacktoschooltocontinuetheirhighereducation,eventhoughtheyalreadyhavetheircollegeoruniversitydegrees.四、情景作文：（一）真题透视：1、2014年6月真题：Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessaybasedonthefollowingquestion.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.SupposeaforeignfriendofyoursisgoingtovisitChina/yourhometown/campus,whatisthemostinterestingplaceyouwouldliketotakehim/hertoseeandwhy?2、2014年12月真题Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayaboutaclassmateofyourswhohasinfluencedyoumostincollege/acoursethathasimpressedyoumostincollege

/acampusactivitythathasbenefitedyoumost.Youshouldstatethereasonsandwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.（二）情景作文范文：2014年12月真题Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayaboutacoursethathasimpressedyoumostincollege.Youshouldstatethereasonsandwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.第一段

Englishisoneoftherequiredcoursesinallcollegesanduniversitiesacrossthecountry.Whilequiteanumberofstudentsthinktheyareforcedtotakeit——merelyforCollegeEnglishTest,Istudyitforthepurposesotherthantheexaminationitself.IshouldadmitthatEnglishisthecoursethathasimpressedmemostincollege.第二段：

IclingtotheideathatthepracticalvalueofEnglishisastrongmotivator.Inthefirstplace,Englishaddsgreatlytoconvenienceandcomfortofmylife.Forinstance,asnearlyallinformationontheInternetandoverhalftheworld’stechnicalandscientificperiodicalsareinEnglish,agoodcommandofEnglishwillfacilitatemywork.Inthesecondplace,goodEnglishalsomeanschancesandopportunities.WithgrowingforeigninvestmentinChina,English,asthelanguageofinternationalbusiness,playsavitalroleinone’scareer.第三段：Overyears,itistheprospectoftheusefulnessofEnglishcoursethatinspiresmetostudyithard.

五、提纲作文（一）真题透视：1、

2010年6月真题Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofDueAttentionShouldBegiventoSpelling.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1）如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写

2）出现这种现象的原因是······

3）为改变这种状况，我认为······2、2010年12月真题Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledHowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1）目前不少父母为孩子包办一切

2）为了让孩子独立，父母应该······3、2011年6月真题：Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledOnlineShopping.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1）现在网上购物已成为一种时尚

2）网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题

3）我的建议4、2012年6月真题Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayOnExcessivePackagingfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

1）目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象

2）出现这一现象的原因

3）我对这一现象的看法和建议（二）提纲作文范文：2011年6月真题Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledOnlineShopping.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1）现在网上购物已成为一种时尚

2）网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题

3）我的建议第一段：

Nowadays,canwefindapersonwhohasnotheardof

onlineshopping?Itmaybealittledifficult.OnlineshoppingiscomingintofashioninmostcitiesduetotherapiddevelopmentofInternettechnology.第二段：Onlineshoppingiswelcomedbythemajorityofpeopleowingtoitsobviousadvantages:it’sconvenientandpeoplecandoit24hours.Youcanshopwheneveryouwant——ifyouwanttobuyamobilephoneat2a.m.,youcan.Unfortunately,shoppingonlinehasitsowndisadvantagestoo:

youcan’ttouchtheitem,letalonetryiton.Thematerialofthedressthatyouseeonthescreenmaybeflimsierthanwhatyouhadexpected,anditwillprobablylookmuchbetteronthemodelthanitdoesonyou.第三段：

Personally,Ifindbuyingonlinetobeanexcellentwaytoshopforcertainitems.Nevertheless,forotheritems,suchasclothes,Ireckonitisbettertoshopataregularstore.Inaregularstore,youcanseetherealcolor,feelthematerial,andtryiton.四级写作强化第三节应用文微博：新东方王江涛微信：jtwang2013书信类应用文：一、真题透视：1、

2001年6月：建议信Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowritealetter.SupposeyouareZhangYing.WritealettertoXiaoWang,aschoolmateofyourswhoisgoingtovisityouduringtheweek-longholiday.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtothesuggestionsgivenbelowinChinese:

1）表示欢迎；

2）提出对度假安排的建议；

3）提醒应注意的事项。2、2002年1月：投诉信Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteALettertotheUniversityPresidentabouttheCanteenServiceonCampus.Youshouldwriteatleast120words,andbaseyourletterontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。3、2004年1月：建议信Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealetterinreplytoafriend’sinquiryaboutapplyingforadmissiontoyourcollegeoruniversity.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.建议报考的专业及理由，2.报考该专业的基本条件，3.应当如何备考。

二、书信格式：（一）称呼：1、写给机构：DearSirorMadam,2、写给个人：Dear+人名，1）2001年6月：DearXiaoWang,2）2002年1月：DearMr.President,3、写给集体：1）DearFriends,2）DearFellowClassmates,

（二）正文：3段，10句，3-5个关联词，3-5个从句1、第一段：2句1）自我介绍：私人书信除外Iamfreshman/sophomore/junior/senior/undergraduateintheDepartmentofChineseLanguageandLiteratureofPekingUniversity.2）写作目的：书信中心思想，改写提纲一（1）Iamwritingtheletterforpurposeofexpressingmysincereapologytoyou.（道歉信）（2）Iamwritingthelettertogive/propose/offersome/severaluseful/conducive/practicalsuggestions/proposals/recommendationstoyou.（建议信）（3）Iamwritingthelettertorecommendmyfavoritemovietoyou.（推荐信）2、第二段：3句左右，改写提纲二1）主题句：1句2）分论点一：1句3）分论点二：1句3、第三段：2句，改写提纲三1）表示感谢：部分私人书信除外（1）Mythanksforyoutoyourgeneroushelparebeyondwords.我对您慷慨帮助的感谢难以言表。（2）WordsfailmewhenIwishtoexpressmysinceregratitudetoyou.感激之情，溢于言表。（3）Itakethisopportunitytoshowmyheartfeltappreciationtothekindassistanceyourenderme.我想借此机会对您的热心帮助表示衷心的感谢。2）期待回信（1）Ilookforwardtohearingfromyousoon.盼即赐复。（2）Iamlookingforwardtoyourfavorablereplyatyourearliestconvenience.期待您在方便之时尽快给予我圆满的答复。（3）Yourpromptattentiontomyinquirywouldbehighlyappreciated.十分感谢您对我的询问给予及时的关注。3）写作目的（三）落款：1、结尾客套：1）万能：Yourssincerely,或Sincerelyyours,2）私人：Yoursfaithfully,或Faithfullyyours,3）公务：Yourstruly,或Trulyyours,2、落款：LiMing书写格式：缩进式段与段之间不空行，每段首行缩进四个字母（三）书信类范文：2002年1月真题范文Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteALettertotheUniversityPresidentabouttheCanteenServiceonCampus.Youshouldwriteatleast120words,andbaseyourletterontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。DearMr.President,

I’mveryluckytobestudyinginthisworld-famousuniversity,butI’mafraidI’mnotcontentwiththecanteenserviceoncampus.

Firstly,thereislittlevarietyinthefoodserved.Undoubtedly,therearealotof

deliciousdishes,buttheyremainthesamealltheyearround.Studentsinmountingnumbersarecomplainingabout

eatingthesamefoodeveryday.SoIassumethemosturgentproblemtobesolvedislackofvariety.Secondly,thepriceisabittoohigh.Manyofushopethat

thecanteencanprovideuswithnotonlydeliciousbutalsolessexpensivefoods.

Theabovesuggestionsarenotjustofmyown,butalsoofmanyotherstudents.Wehopeourrespectedpresidentwillgiveoursuggestionsconsideration.Yourssincerely,LiMing致辞类应用文：（一）真题透视：1、2004年6月真题：导游词Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionentitledABriefIntroductiontoaTouristAttraction.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtothefollowingguideline:Yourrole:atourguideYouraudience:agroupofforeigntouristsYourintroductionshouldinclude:1）Somewelcomingwords2）Theschedulefortheday3）Adescriptionoftheplacethetouristswillbevisiting(e.g.ascenicspotorahistoricalsite,etc.)Youshouldmaketheintroductioninterestingandthearrangementsforthedaycleartoeverybody.2、2005年1月：竞选演讲Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedtowriteACampaignSpeechinsupportofyourelectiontothepostofchairmanofthestudentunion.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.你认为自己具备了什么条件（能力、性格、爱好等）可以胜任学

生会主席的工作，

2.如果当选你将会为本校同学做什么？（二）致辞类范文：2005年1月真题Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedtowriteACampaignSpeechinsupportofyourelectiontothepostofchairmanofthestudentunion.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.你认为自己具备了什么条件（能力、性格、爱好等）可以胜任学

生会主席的工作，

2.如果当选你将会为本校同学做什么？

TodayIamverygladtorunforthechairpersonoftheStudentUnion.IamjuniorintheDepartmentofEnglishLanguageandLiterature.Iamsurethat

Iamqualifiedforthisposition.

First,

Iamgoodatcommunicatingandorganizing.Bytheway,withmyoutstandingleadership,Ihavebeenelectedpresidentofourdepartmentseveraltimes.

Second,

Iamwarm-heartedandeasygoing.Notonlydomyqualificationsandworkexperiencemakemeaperfectcandidate,mycheerfulpersonalityiswellsuitedfortheposition.Last,

myhobbiesincludesportsandmusic.IfIamelected,Iwillexertallmyefforts.

Firstly,Iwillorganizesuitableactivities.Secondly,Iwilltrytoreach