安徽省 2022-2023学年高二上学期阶段性联考英语试卷

第21页/共21页2022—2023学年度第一学期高二年级阶段性联考英语考生注意：1．本试卷分四部分，共8页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2．答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4．本卷命题范围：至选择性必修一第二单元第一课。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whenshouldthespeakersgettotheparty?A.At1:30.B.At2:00.C.At2:30.2.Whatdoesthemancaremuchabout?A.Helen’slife.B.Helen’ssafety.C.Helen’sstudy.3.Whatisthewoman’sopiniononteachinginthefuture?A.Alrobotsareuselessinteaching.B.Teacherscan’tbereplacedbyAlrobots.C.Onlinecourseswillbecomethemostpopular.4.WhatdoesJanewanttodothisafternoon?A.Visitherfriend.B.Gotohercompany.C.Gohiking.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Somepaintings.B.Apainter.C.Anexhibition.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Schoolmates.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.7.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Hecan’tunderstandothers.B.Heisn’tinterestedinthetopicsC.He’safraidofaskingquestions.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhywillSusangodowntown?A.Tobuyagift.B.Toattendabirthdayparty.CTopickupherson.9.Whendidthemanbuyhisdaughteracellphone?A.Abouttwoweeksago.B.Aboutonemonthago.C.Abouttwomonthsago.10.Whatseemstobetheman’sdaughter’sproblem?A.Thegenerationgap.B.Heraddictiontothecellphone.C.Herpoorcommunicationwithothers.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdidthewomandointhebar?A.Sheweptthefloor.B.Sheplayedmusic.C.Shesoldbeer.12.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherfirsworkingnight?A.Tiring.B.Enjoyable.C.Boring.13.Whatdidthewomandowithalostwallet?A.Shekeptitforherself.B.Shegaveittothepolice.CShetriedtocontacttheowner.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.WhydoesSusanlookalittledepressed?A.Shefailedhermathexam.B.Shecouldn’tfindastudypartner.C.Shedidn’tenteragoodhighschool.15.WhatdoesSusanthinkoftheman’sadvice?A.UselessB.Strange.C.Great.16.WhatsubjectdoesRobertlike?A.English.B.Math.C.History.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whopersuadedthespeakertogotoacookerycourse?A.Hercousin.B.Hersister.C.Hermother.18.Whatkindofcoursedidthespeakerchoose?A.Theone—daycourse.B.Thethree—daycourse.C.Theone—weekcourse,19.Whatsurprisedthespeakerinthefirstclass?A.Thepopularcourse.B.Manyactiveteenagers.C.Anumberofteachers.20.Wheredidthespeakervisitafterthefirstclass?A.Arestaurant.B.Amarket.C.Abakery.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABelowisalistofactivitiesthatwillgetyouexcitedandaddabitoffunintoyourscheduleatthesametime.Ready,set,play!JoinateamsportPlayingsportaspartofateamcanhelpyougetactivewhilemakingfriendsandfeelingpartofyourcommunity.Thislistoflinkswillleadyouthroughtosportsclubsandfixturesacrossthestate,oryoucanusetheMyCommunitydirectorytosearchforyoursportofchoice.MakedatenightactivenightDatenight(oranytimeyouhangwithlovedonesorfriends)doesn’thavetobespentsittinginacinema.Getactiveonyournextdatebygoingbowling,playinglasertagorpaintball,orsinkingballsatminigolf.CatchandkickAnyonewithkidswillknowthatsometimesentertainingthemtakespriorityoverlookingafteryourownhealth.Killtwobirdswithonestoneandtakethemtotheparktokickafootyorthrowaballbackandforth.Onceeveryone’spractisedtheirkicking,throwingandcatchingskills,takethingstothenextlevelbyaskingthemtothroworkicklongandmakeyourunforit.TakethestairsAnoldybutagoody,takingthestairsinsteadofaliftisgreatforworkingthemajormusclegroupsinthelegs.Itmightnotseemlikethemostfunoptionforaworkout,butyoucanfitasurprisingamountofactivityintoeverydaybytakingthestairswhenevertheyareanoption.Andifyougethooked(喜欢上),youcanevenbecomeacompetitivestairclimber.1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Publichealthandwellbeing. B.Researchandreports.C.Newsandevents. D.Strategicdirection.2.WhatistheadvantageofJoinateamsport?A.Youhavemoretimeformorningexercise.B.Youhaveabetterwayofcommunication.C.Itisawaytoworkthemajormuscleinlegs.D.Youwillgetanexpertdirectioninthegroup.3.Whichwouldafatherchooseifhewantedtoplaywithhis5—year—oldson?A.Joinateamsport B.TakethestairsC.Catchandkick D.Makedatenightactivenight【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了给你的日程安排增加一点乐趣四项活动。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Belowisalistofactivitiesthatwillgetyouexcitedandaddabitoffunintoyourscheduleatthesametime.(下面是一些会让你兴奋的活动，同时给你的日程安排增加一点乐趣。)”可知，全文介绍了四项体育活动，因此应该出现在公共健康栏目。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Playingsportaspartofateamcanhelpyougetactivewhilemakingfriendsandfeelingpartofyourcommunity.(作为团队的一分子参加体育活动可以帮助你在交朋友和感觉自己是社区的一部分的同时变得活跃。)”可知，参加这项活动，除了健身外，还可以交朋友和更好地成为社区一员，因此有助于建立良好的交流。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Anyonewithkidswillknowthatsometimesentertainingthemtakespriorityoverlookingafteryourownhealth.(任何有孩子的人都知道，有时娱乐他们比照顾自己的健康更重要。一举两得，带他们去公园踢足球或来回扔球。)”可知，这是适合家长与孩子一起玩的活动。故选C。BGoingtoschoolcanbeademandingobstacleformany,butsomepeoplearemorethanupforthechallenge.ForDylanKuehl,beingastudenthasbeenachallengingjoy.The38-year-oldhashadapassionforstudying,andbelievesthatthemoreheleans,themorehelearnstoseetheworlddifferently.Thisopen-mindedapproachandenthusiasticmindsetisallthemoreinspiringasKuehlhasDownsyndrome.Heknowsthestruggleofbreakingnewgroundfromalifetimeofexperienceofbeingdifferent.HehassustainedhisabilitytoshineasauniqueindividualbygraduatingfromTheEvergreenStateCollegeinWashingtonState.KuehlisthefirstpersonwithDownsyndromeinthecollege’s51-yearhistorytoearnafour-yeardegree.Notonlythat,butthisalsomakeshimthefirstpersonwithDownsyndromeinWashingtonstatetoachievethisremarkablemilestone.Kuehl’spassionforcreativityledhimtostudyforaBachelorofArtsdegree.Heenjoyedclassesinpaintinganddanceaspartofhiscurriculum(课程),buthisprimaryfocuswaswriting.Outof900graduates,hewasoneofthreetobeselectedtogiveanaddressatthegraduationceremony.“Celebrateyourabilities,”Kuehltellshisfellowstudentsinhisspeech.“Liveyourlifewithambitionandpride.”Wecanalltakealeafoutofthisinspiringman’sbookwhichisbound,itseems,byenthusiasm,positivity,determination,andawholelotofmotivatinghardwork.Asidefromgraduatingcollege,Kuehlisalsoanentrepreneur(企业家).HestartedhisownvisualandperformingartscompanycalledDKArtsin2005,wherehesellshisownartworkandglassjewelry.HeplaysthedrumsinabandcalledLivingtheDream,advocatingforinclusionthroughhismusic.4.WhatdoesKuehlthinkofhisstudying?A.Amustforhisownbusiness. B.Waysofviewingtheworld.C.Makes—upforhisgreatdisability. D.Approachestoshowhisgifts.5.WhatcanweknowaboutKuehl’sachievementinhisstudy?A.Heachieveswhatothersinhisstatehaven’tachieved.B.Hehasgainedmorescoresthanhisnormalclassmates.C.Hehasstudiesinthecollegeformorethanfouryears.D.Hismaininterestincollegeisinpaintinganddance.6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutKuehlfromthelastparagraph?A.HeactsastheleadersingerinLivingtheDream.B.Hiscompanyproducesproductsforthedisabled.C.Hehasanumberofhobbiesbesideshisbusiness.D.Hethinkshighlyofdeterminationthroughhismusic.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeKuehl?A.Wealthy. B.Generous. C.Strict. D.Inspiring.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了患有唐氏综合症的Kuehl不仅完成了自己的大学学业，成为常青州立学院成立51年来首位患有唐氏综合症的毕业生。他还建立了自己的企业，还是乐队的鼓手。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“The38-year-oldhashadapassionforstudying,andbelievesthatthemoreheleans,themorehelearnstoseetheworlddifferently.(38岁的他对学习充满热情，他相信自己学习得越多，就越能从不同的角度看世界。)”可知，他觉得一个人知识越多，越能从不同的角度看世界，因此他觉得学习是看世界的方式。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“HehassustainedhisabilitytoshineasauniqueindividualbygraduatingfromTheEvergreenStateCollegeinWashingtonState.KuehlisthefirstpersonwithDownsyndromeinthecollege’s51-yearhistorytoearnafour-yeardegree.(从华盛顿州的常青州立学院毕业后，他一直保持着作为一个独特个体的发光能力。Kuehl是该学院51年历史上第一个获得四年制学位的唐氏综合症患者。)”可知，他实现了别人在他这个状态不可能实现的事情。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Asidefromgraduatingcollege,Kuehlisalsoanentrepreneur(企业家).(除了大学毕业，Kuehl还是一名企业家。)”以及最后一句“HeplaysthedrumsinabandcalledLivingtheDream,advocatingforinclusionthroughhismusic.(他在一个名为LivingtheDream的乐队中打鼓，倡导通过音乐实现包容性。)”可知，他创办了自己的企业，而且还是乐队的鼓手，因此他爱好很广泛，生活丰富多彩。故选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“Thisopen-mindedapproachandenthusiasticmindsetisallthemoreinspiringasKuehlhasDownsyndrome.(由于Kuehl患有唐氏综合症，这种开放的态度和热情的心态更加鼓舞人心。)”可知，Kuehl是鼓舞人心的。故选D。CParentsareanenormouslypowerfulforceinthelivesofchildren.WhetherJohnnycanread,whetherJohnnyknowsrightfromwrong,whetherJohnnyisahappy,well—adjustedkid,orshyandbad—tempered,hasawholelottodowiththekindofparentingJohnnyhasreceived.IfJohnny’smomanddadhavebeenabletocomethroughwithlasting,determining,lovingattention,theoddsareJohnnyisontracktobecomeaproductive,compassionatecitizen.Iftheyhavenot,Johnnyisintrouble—andsoisournation.ThirtyyearsagoChicagosociologistJamesS.Colemanshowedthatparentalinvolvementmatteredfarmoreindeterminingschoolsuccessthananyqualityoftheformaleducationsystem.Acrossawiderangeofsubjectareas,inliterature,scienceandreading,Colemanestimatedthattheparentwastwiceaspowerfulastheschoolindeterminingachievementatagefourteen.PsychologistLawrenceSteinberg,whorecentlycompletedasix—yearstudyof20,000teenagersinninedifferentcommunities,confirmstheimportanceofparents.Steinbergshowsthatoneoutofthreeparentsis“seriouslydisengaged”fromhisorheradolescent’seducation,andthisistheprimaryreasonwhysomanyAmericanstudentsperformbelowtheirpotential—andbelowstudentsinotherrichcountries.Aweightofevidencenowdemonstratesobviouslinksbetweenabsentparentsandawiderangeofbehavioralandemotionalproblemsinchildren.A1997studyof90,000teenagers—theAddHealthProjectundertakenbytheCarolinaPopulationCenterandtheAdolescentHealthProgramattheUniversityofMinnesota—foundthatyoungstersarelesslikelygethopeless,usedrugsorbecomeinvolvedincrimewhentheyspentsignificanttimewiththeirparents.Thisstudyfoundthatonlythephysicalpresenceofaparentinthehomeafterschool,atdinnerandatbedtimesignificantlyreducestheincidenceofriskybehavioramongteenagers.8.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph1?A.Childrenshouldbetaughttobesuccessfulinlife.B.Parents’characterhasadeepinfluenceonchildren.C.Childrenareaffectedbymanyfactorsduringthegrowth.DParentsshouldbestrictwiththeirchildrenaboutbehaviors.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph1mean?A.Odds. B.Children. C.Citizens. D.Parents.10.What’sthepurposeofLawrenceSteinberg’sresearch?A.Tofindoutwhytherearesomanycrimes.B.Toknowtheimportanceofparents’company.C.Togetwaystopreventteenagers’sbadbehaviors.D.Tofindlinksbetweenparents’educationandcrimes.11.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsparents’companywithchildren?A.Intolerant. B.Doubtful. C.Favorable. D.Unclear.【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。通过引用Steinberg以及1997年的研究，来说明父母的陪伴在儿童性格养成方面的重要作用。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Parentsareanenormouslypowerfulforceinthelivesofchildren.WhetherJohnnycanread,whetherJohnnyknowsrightfromwrong,whetherJohnnyisahappy,well—adjustedkid,orshyandbad—tempered,hasawholelottodowiththekindofparentingJohnnyhasreceived.(父母在孩子的生活中是一股非常强大的力量。Johnny是否会读书，是否能明辨是非，Johnny是一个快乐的、适应能力强的孩子，还是害羞、坏脾气的孩子，都与Johnny所接受的教育方式有很大关系。)”可以推断出，孩子的学习能力，判断是非能力和性格是什么样的，跟父母的教育有很大的关系，父母对孩子有很深的影响。故选B。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“IfJohnny’smomanddadhavebeenabletocomethroughwithlasting,determining,lovingattention,theoddsareJohnnyisontracktobecomeaproductive,compassionatecitizen.(如果Johnny的父母能够给予他持久的、坚定的、充满爱的关注，那么Johnny很可能会成为一个富有成效、富有同情心的公民。)”以及划线词所在句“Iftheyhavenot,Johnnyisintrouble—andsoisournation.(如果他们没有，Johnny就有麻烦了，我们的国家也有麻烦了。)”可知，这两句话是在进行对比，对比父母给予Johnny足够的关注和没有足够的关注，Johnny会成为什么样的公民。所以，they指代的是Johnny’smomanddad。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“PsychologistLawrenceSteinberg,whorecentlycompletedasix—yearstudyof20,000teenagersinninedifferentcommunities,confirmstheimportanceofparents.Steinbergshowsthatoneoutofthreeparentsis“seriouslydisengaged”fromhisorheradolescent’seducation,andthisistheprimaryreasonwhysomanyAmericanstudentsperformbelowtheirpotential—andbelowstudentsinotherrichcountries.(心理学家LawrenceSteinberg最近完成了一项针对9个不同社区2万名青少年为期6年的研究，证实了父母的重要性。Steinberg指出，三分之一的父母“严重脱离”他们对于青少年的教育，这就是如此多的美国学生表现低于他们的潜力，甚至低于其他富裕国家的学生的主要原因。)”可知，LawrenceSteinberg的研究目的就是为了证明父母陪伴的重要性，缺乏父母的陪伴，会导致青少年表现较差。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一句话“Parentsareanenormouslypowerfulforceinthelivesofchildren.(父母在孩子的生活中是一股非常强大的力量。)”可知，作者在文章开头就指出父母在孩子的生活中的重要性。之后又引用了Steinberg以及1997年的一项研究，说明缺少父母陪伴，孩子会表现的不好，父母给予足够的陪伴，青少年就不太可能绝望，吸毒或者犯罪，所以可以推断出作者对于父母陪伴孩子的态度是赞成的。A.Intolerant无法忍受的；B.Doubtful怀疑的；C.Favorable赞成的；D.Unclear不清楚的。故选C。DClimatechangemayincreasetheriskofvirusesbecomingcapableofinfectingnewhostsintheArctic,suggestsastudyofgeneticmaterialfromaCanadianlake.CanadianscientistsfoundthatanincreaseinglaciermeltatLakeHazen,theArctic’slargestlakebyvolumeandanotherlocationwaslinkedtoagreaterriskofviraleffects,whereavirusinfectsanewhostforthefirsttime.Meltingglaciers(融化的冰川)wereconsideredaresultofclimatechangeglobally.TheteamfromtheUniversityofOttawa,ledbyAudreeLemieux,gatheredsoilandotheritemsfromthelakeandsequenced(序列)theRNAandDNAinthesamples.Theresearchersfoundcharactersofvirusesandtheirpotentialhostsincludinganimals,plantsandsoon.Theythenrananalgorithm(算法)recentlydevelopedbyadifferentresearchteam,whichassessesthechanceofcoevolution(共同进化)amongunrelatedgroupsoforganisms.Thealgorithmallowedtheteamtomeasuretheriskofspillover,andsuggestedthiswashigherinlakesamplesnearertothepointwherelargerbranches—carryingmoremeltwaterfromnearbyglaciers—flowintothelake.“Ourmainfindingisthatweshowthatforthisspecificlake,thespilloverriskincreaseswiththemeltingofglaciers.We’renotcryingwolf.”saysLemieux.ShesaystheriskofinfectiousdiseasescomingfromtheArcticislowtodayduetotheregion’slackof“bridges”,suchasmosquitoes,thatcanspreadvirusestootherspecies.However,theresearchersnotethatclimatechangenotonlymeltsglaciers,butisalsoexpectedtocausemorespeciestomovetowardsthepoles,whichtheywarn“couldhavedramaticeffectintheHighArctic”.Exactlyhowglaciermeltmightincreasespilloverriskisn’tentirelyclearfromsimplyrunningthealgorithm.Co-authorStephaneAris-Brosousaysoneideaisthatextrarun-offsimplyincreasesthemixingofspeciesbecausetheirlocalenvironmentisdisturbed,physicallybringingtogethervirusesandpotentialnewhoststhatwouldn’totherwisemeeteachother.12.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothesecondparagraph?A.Glaciershaveslowedinmeltingprocess.B.AnewhostintheArctichasbeenaffected.C.ScientistsguessviruseswillcomeintheArctic.D.ViralspilloverwillappearintheArcticintime.13.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellus?A.WhatwecandotostopthevirusesintheArctic.B.WhyBranchesofthelakearekeysinspillingoverviruses.C.HowscientistscalculatetheriskofspilloverintheArctic.D.Whatsignaturesofvirusesandtheirpotentialhostsshows.14.WhatdoesLemieuxmeanbysaying“We’renotcryingwolf.”?A.Thevirusspilloverwillhappenwithglaciermelting.B.Viruseswon’tspreadwidelyduetolackofbridge.C.Scientistshavemadegreateffortsinpreventingviruses.D.ThereisnoneedtoworryaboutthevirusesintheArctic.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.VirusesAppearinginTwoPlacesintheArcticB.GlacierMeltingResultingintheVirusSpilloverC.Scientists’CalculationabouttheVirusesintheArcticD.ClimateChangeLinkedtoRiskofVirusesintheArctic【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章阐述了北极首次发现了有新的宿主被病毒感染，加拿大科学家认为气候变化加剧冰川融化，增加了病毒外溢的风险。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“CanadianscientistsfoundthatanincreaseinglaciermeltatLakeHazen,theArctic’slargestlakebyvolumeandanotherlocationwaslinkedtoagreaterriskofviraleffects,whereavirusinfectsanewhostforthefirsttime.(加拿大科学家发现，在北极体积最大的湖泊LakeHazen湖和另一个地方，冰川融化的加剧与病毒感染风险增加有关，病毒在那里首次感染了新的宿主。)”可知在北极首次有新的宿主被感染。故选B。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句“TheteamfromtheUniversityofOttawa,ledbyAudreeLemieux,gatheredsoilandotheritemsfromthelakeandsequenced(序列)theRNAandDNAinthesamples.(来自渥太华大学的研究小组由AudreeLemieux领导，他们从湖中采集土壤和其他物品，并对样本中的RNA和DNA进行测序。)”以及最后一句“Thealgorithmallowedtheteamtomeasuretheriskofspillover,andsuggestedthiswashigherinlakesamplesnearertothepointwherelargerbranches—carryingmoremeltwaterfromnearbyglaciers—flowintothelake.(该算法使团队能够测量病毒传播的风险，并表明在更大的分支——携带更多来自附近冰川的融水——流入湖中的点附近的湖泊样本中，这一风险更高。)”可知研究小组通过对湖泊土壤及其他物品采样，样本的RNA和DNA测序，并运用算法分析病毒传播的风险，所以第三段主要阐述研究团队如何计算在北极病毒传播的风险。故选C。【14题详解】词句猜测题。“We’renotcryingwolf.”中文意思是“我们不是在喊狼来了。”，用来表示所说的话并不是危言耸听，结合划线句前“Ourmainfindingisthatweshowthatforthisspecificlake,thespilloverriskincreaseswiththemeltingofglaciers.(我们的主要发现是，对于这个特定的湖泊，病毒溢出的风险随着冰川的融化而增加。)”可知，Lemieux说这句话表达的意思是随着冰川的融化，病毒外溢的风险在增加，这不是危言耸听。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“ClimatechangemayincreasetheriskofvirusesbecomingcapableofinfectingnewhostsintheArctic,suggestsastudyofgeneticmaterialfromaCanadianlake.(一项对加拿大一个湖泊遗传物质的研究表明，气候变化可能会增加病毒在北极感染新宿主的风险。)”以及下文对此项研究的详细介绍可知全文主要讲述气候变化带来的冰川融化，造成病毒感染新宿主的风险增加，故“ClimateChangeLinkedtoRiskofVirusesintheArctic”是最佳标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whilenoonecanavoidallstress,youcanworktohandleitinhealthywaysthatincreaseyourpotentialtorecover.Eatanddrinktoimproveyourhealth.Somepeopletrytoreducestressbydrinkingalcoholoreatingtoomuch.____16____Butactuallymayaddtostressinthelongrun.Caffeinealsocanworsentheeffectsofstress.Consumingahealthy,balanceddietcanhelptopreventstress.Exerciseregularly.____17____Considernon—competitiveaerobic(有氧的)exercise,strengtheningwithweights,ormovementactivitieslikeyogaorTaiChi,andsetreasonablegoalsforyourself.Aerobicexercisehasbeenshowntoreleaseendorphins—naturalsubstancesthathelpyoufeelbetterandmaintainapositiveattitude.____18____Peoplewhousenicotineoftenrefertoitasastressreliever.However,nicotineactuallyplacesmorestressonthebodybyincreasingphysicalarousalandreducingbloodflowandbreathing.Reducetriggers(触发)ofstress.Ifyouarelikemostpeople,yourlifemaybefilledwithtoomanydemandsandtoolittletime.____19____Youcanfreeuptimebypracticingtime—managementskillslikeaskingforhelpwhenit’sappropriate,settingpriorities,pacingyourself,andreservingtimetotakecareofyourself.Studyandpracticerelaxationtechniques.Takingthetimetorelaxeverydayhelpstomanagestressandtoprotectthebodyfromtheeffectsofstress.Youcanchoosefromavarietyoftechniques.Theseincludesdeepbreathing,imagery,progressivemusclerelaxation,andmindfulnessmeditation.Therearemanyonlineandsmartphoneappsthatprovideguidanceonthesetechniques.____20____A.Examineyourvaluesandlivebythem.B.Stopusingtobaccoandnicotineproducts.C.Theseactionsmayseemtohelpinthemoment.D.Youshouldtryyourbesttomeettheexpectationsofothers.E.Forthemostpart,thesedemandsareoneswehavechosen.F.Althoughsomeneedpurchasecosts,manyareavailablefreeofcharge.G.Besidesphysicalhealthbenefits,ithasbeenshowntobeapowerfulstressreliever.【答案】16.C17.G18.B19.E20.F【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何缓解生活中的压力。【16题详解】根据上文“Somepeopletrytoreducestressbydrinkingalcoholoreatingtoomuch.(有些人试图通过饮酒或暴饮暴食来减轻压力)”和下文“Butactuallythesemayaddtostressinthelongrun.(但实际上，从长远来看，这些可能会增加压力)”可知，空格上下文告诉我们有些人通过饮酒或暴饮暴食来减轻压力，但从长远来看，这些可能会增加压力，C项意为“在那一刻，这些行动似乎有所帮助。”选项能够承接上文，选项中的“Theseactions”代指上文提到的“drinkingalcoholoreatingtoomuch”，且能引起下文，虽然这些行动在那一刻似乎有所帮助，但从长远来看，这些可能会增加压力。故选C。【17题详解】根据段落主旨句“Exerciseregularly.(经常锻炼)”可知，本段内容告诉我们经常锻炼有助于缓解压力，G项意为“除了对身体健康有益外，它还被证明是一种强大的压力缓解剂。”选项符合段落主旨，经常锻炼除了对身体健康有益外，还被证明是一种强大的压力缓解剂，且下文具体解释了经常锻炼是如何缓解压力的，“it”代指上文“Exerciseregularly.”。故选G。【18题详解】根据下文“Peoplewhousenicotineoftenrefertoitasastressreliever.However,nicotineactuallyplacesmorestressonthebodybyincreasingphysicalarousalandreducingbloodflowandbreathing.(使用尼古丁的人经常将其称为压力缓解剂。然而，尼古丁实际上通过增加生理唤醒，减少血液流动和呼吸，给身体带来更多压力。)”可知，本段内容告诉我们不要使用尼古丁产品，因为它会给身体带来更多压力，B项意为“停止使用烟草和尼古丁产品。”选项能够概括段落主旨。故选B。【19题详解】根据上文“Ifyouarelikemostpeople,yourlifemaybefilledwithtoomanydemandsandtoolittletime.(如果你像大多数人一样，你的生活可能充满了太多的要求和太少的时间)”可知，上文告诉我们生活中充满了太多的要求和太少的时间，这可能会导致压力，E项意为“在大多数情况下，这些要求是我们选择的。”选项能够承接上文，我们生活充满了太多的要求，但在大多数情况下，这些要求是我们选择的，其中“thesedemands”和上文“toomanydemands”相呼应。故选E。【20题详解】根据上文“Therearemanyonlineandsmartphoneappsthatprovideguidanceonthesetechniques.(有许多在线和智能手机应用程序可以为这些技术提供指导)”可知，许多在线和智能手机应用程序可以为缓解压力的技术提供指导，F项意为“虽然有些需要购买成本，但许多都是免费使用的。”选项能够承接上文，继续介绍在线和智能手机应用程序，即：这些在线和智能手机应用程序有些需要购买成本，但许多都是免费使用的。故选F。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WhenIwasaboygrowingupIcouldnotonceeverremembereithermyMomormyNanawastingfood.Anythingwedidn’teatatonemealwassaved,stored,and____21____asleftoverslateron.Ican____22____myNanamakingahugepotofbrownbeanswithalargecakeofcornbread.Wewouldalleatuntilwewere____23____buttherewasalwaysabouthalfofthebeans____24____.AfewdayslaterNanawouldtakethosebeansoutofthe____25____,boilnoodles,addparsleyand____26____themalltogetherintoherdeliciousPastaFasule.AndIalsorememberwhenI____27____myMomfrybaconforusinthemorningsshewouldalwaystaketheoiland____28____pouritintoacontainer.Thenshelaterwoulduseitto____29____somanyotherdishes.IwasanadultbeforeIrealizedthatgreenbeansdidn’t____30____tastelikebacon.Ilearnedtheir____31____wellandafterIgrewupItriedtonever____32____foodmyself.Ialwaysplannedtheweek’smealsaheadoftimeandonlyboughtwhatwasonmy____33____listsonothingwenttowaste.Everymealwentintoatummyandanyleftoverswerelatereatenbyeithermyself,myboys,ormydogs.Tomethrowingfoodinthetrashwasjust____34____.Alltheworkittooktogrowit,harvestit,andprepareitneededtobe____35____notwasted.21.A.thrown B.washed C.burned D.served22.A.mind B.remember C.regret D.avoid23.A.full B.tired C.worried D.upset24.A.putdown B.movedoutside C.carriedoff D.leftover25.A.stove B.fire C.refrigerator D.bowl26.A.mix B.break C.bring D.separate27.A.heard B.watched C.felt D.had28.A.hurriedly B.nervously C.hesitantly D.carefully29.A.flavorup B.ruinoff C.joinup D.keepaway30.A.eventually B.occasionally C.actually D.lately31.A.skills B.lessons C.secrets D.fortune32A.store B.cook C.keep D.waste33.A.shopping B.desiring C.waiting D.mailing34.A.possible B.necessary C.wrong D.incredible35.A.completed B.honored C.noticed D.ignored【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.D25.C26.A27.B28.D29.A30.C31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。全文讲述作者奶奶和妈妈从不浪费食物，她们把吃剩的食品做成各种食品或者调味品。之后作者也继承了这一习惯，作者认为食品制作过程的每一步都需要得到尊重。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一顿饭没吃的东西都被保存起来，储存起来，以后作为剩菜。A.thrown扔；B.washed洗涤；C.burned燃烧；D.served服务。根据空前的saved,stored以及空后的“myNanamakingahugepotofbrownbeanswithalargecakeofcornbread”可以推断，吃剩的食品经过储存后，以后又会端上(served)餐桌。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还记得奶奶煮了一大锅黑豆和一大块玉米面包。A.mind介意；B.remember记得；C.regret后悔；D.avoid避免。联系文章第一句“WhenIwasaboygrowingup”可知，作者讲述过去的事情，因此现在能记起(remember)那时的事情。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们会一直吃到饱，但总是会剩下一半左右的豆子。A.full满的，吃饱的；B.tired疲惫的；C.worried担心的；D.upset沮丧的。从空前的“Wewouldalleat”可知，一直吃到饱(full)，然后剩下食品。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们会一直吃到饱，但总是会剩下一半左右的豆子。A.putdown放下；B.movedoutside搬出去；C.carriedoff夺去；D.leftover剩下。结合空前的“halfofthebeans”以及空后的“takethosebeans”可知，有些豆子剩下了(leftover)。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天后，娜娜会把这些豆子从冰箱里拿出来，煮面条，加欧芹，把它们混合在一起，做成她美味的法苏意面。A.stove炉子；B.fire火；C.refrigerator冰箱；D.bowl碗。依据空前的“AfewdayslaterNanawouldtakethosebeansoutof”可知，今天后这些豆子就会从冰箱(refrigerator)里拿出来。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天后，娜娜会把这些豆子从冰箱里拿出来，煮面条，加欧芹，把它们混合在一起，做成她美味的法苏意面。A.mix混合；B.break打破；C.bring带来；D.separate分开。联系空后的“themalltogetherintoherdeliciousPastaFasule”可知，奶奶就会把这些食材放一起(mix)。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还记得，当我早上看着妈妈为我们煎培根时，她总是把油小心翼翼地倒进一个容器里。A.heard听见；B.watched观看；C.felt感觉；D.had有。从短文第一句“WhenIwasaboygrowingupIcouldnotonceeverremembereithermyMomormyNanawastingfood.”可知，此时作者观看着(watched)妈妈烤培根。故选B。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我还记得，当我早上看着妈妈为我们煎培根时，她总是把油小心翼翼地倒进一个容器里。A.hurriedly匆忙地；B.nervously紧张地；C.hesitantly犹豫地；D.carefully仔细地。从前文作者讲述奶奶和妈妈非常节俭，以及空后的“pouritintoacontainer”因此她小心翼翼地(carefully)把油倒上，生怕撒了。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来她又用它来给其他很多菜调味。A.flavorup调味；B.ruinoff毁坏；C.joinup联合；D.keepaway远离。根据空前的“useit”可知，她用油给其他食品调味(flavorup)。故选A。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：成年后我才意识到青豆其实尝起来不像培根。A.eventually最后；B.occasionally偶尔；C.actually实际上；D.lately最近。结合空前的“greenbeans”以及空后的“tastelikebacon”可知，青豆实际上(actually)味道不像培根。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很好地学习了她们的经验，长大后我试着自己从不浪费食物。A.skills技能；B.lessons经验；C.secrets秘密；D.fortune财富。联系后文的讲述可知，作者很好地学习她们的经验(lessons)。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很好地学习了她们的经验，长大后我试着自己从不浪费食物。A.store商店；B.cook烹饪；C.keep保持；D.