选修6unit1语法-虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用

Enjoypartofapoet!Ifyouwereateardropinmyeye,

如果你是我眼里的一滴泪，Forfearoflosingyou,Iwouldnevercry.为了不失去你，我将永不哭泣；Andifthegoldensunshouldceasetoshineitslight,

如果金色的阳光停止了它耀眼的光芒Justonesmilefromyouwouldmakemywholeworldbright.

你的一个微笑将照亮我的整个世界。SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气在英语中，表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测，要用虚拟语气。一、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中虚拟语气

Ifyouwereateardropinmyeye,Iwouldnevercry.1）与现在事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：过去时Would/should/could/might+动词原形注意:在虚拟语气中,动词be只用were,不用was.

IfIwereaboy,Iwould

jointhearmy.What

would

youdoifyou

gotalotofmoney?IfI

got

alotofmoney,I

would

buyabighouse.2)

与过去事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：Ifhehadcomeearlier,hewouldhaveseenher.had+过去分词Would/should/could/might/have+过去分词Ifhe

__________(drive)morecarefully,

he_________________

(have)thecaraccidentyesterday.haddriven

wouldnothavehad

3）与将来事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishouldgotoseeafilm.IfheshouldhavetimenextSunday,hewouldgotovisittheGreatWall.IfIweretobetwentynextyear,Icouldtakethecourse.1）过去时2）should+动词原形3)wereto+动词原形would/should/could/might+动词原形

IfI______(meet)Obama,I_____________

(shake)handswithhim.

metwouldshake总结：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去时(were)would/could/should/might+v.(原)时间If从句的谓语

主句的谓语形式过去过去完成时would/could/should/might+have+p.p.时间If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式未来1.过去时2.should+v.3.weretodowould/could/should/might+v.(原)注意：if的省略如果条件句中有had,should,were等助动词，可将if省略，而把had,were或should置于句首,来表达以if引导的条件句的相同意思。Hadheseenyouyesterday,hewouldhavereturnedyourbook.=Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhavereturnedyourbook.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,themeetingwouldbeputoff.=?二、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法1.wish+宾语从句中,表示与现在或过去的事实相反,或对将来的主观愿望IwishI

were

astallasyou.对现在情况的虚拟:

从句动词用过去式(be动词一般用were)

。Iwisheveryday

(be)

mybirthday.wereIwishI

hadn’teatensomuchwatermelon.(2)对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。Thepartywasterrible,IwishI

(go)toit.hadn’tgoneIwishit

would

raintomorrow.(3)表示对将来的主观愿望:从句动词形式为“

would＋动词原形”。2.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。常见动词：

一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即:insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,propose4.demand,require,request,desire这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气。即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。e.g.我们建议汤姆去休息一下。他坚决要求我到场。WesuggestedthatTom(should)have

arest.HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresent.

insist/suggest不接虚拟的用法e.g.Sheinsistedthatshewas

right.

她坚持认为自己是对的。（坚持事实）

Hisuncleinsiststhatheshould

notstayinthehotel.

他的叔叔坚持要求他不要待在旅馆里。e.g.Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathewas

unhappy.Isuggestedthattheteachers’wages

(should)beincreased.

注意：以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句，也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样，即：(should)＋V.order,advice,suggestion,demand,request,desire等等。It’ssuggestedthattheplan

becarriedout.Mydemandisthatshe

(should)come

toseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactory

(should)be

closeddown.3.wouldrather(that)现在：过去：将来：Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.

Iwouldratheryouhadnot

donethat.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucame

tomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时4.It’s(about/high)time+(that)…should+v.过去时你该走了。我们该去睡觉了。It’stimethatyouwent.It’stimethatyoushouldgo.It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.(should不可省略)Praticemakesperfect!PleasedoExercise2inEnglishWeekly.PleasefinishtheexercisesonPage16in《自主测评》。Homeworkasif/asthough由asif(asthough)或eventhough(eventhough)

引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时,从句谓语形式为动词的过去式(be用were)或“had＋过去分词”。Hebehavesasifhe

owned

thehouse.(Buthedoesn’townitorprobablydoesn’townitorwedon’tknowwhetherheownsitornot.)ShetalksaboutRomeasthoughshe

had

beenthereherself.他那样对待我,好像我是陌生人似的。HetreatsmeasifIwereastranger.注意:如果表示的事情可能会发生,那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。Evenifshewerehere,shecouldnotsolvetheproblem.关于虚拟语气辩析1关于虚拟语气辩析2关于虚拟语气辩析3关于虚拟语气辩析4关于虚拟语气辩析5根据语境或括号内的提示，用虚拟语气完成下列对话。1.A:Whydoesn’tSallygetgoodgrades?B:Shedoesn’tstudyenough.If___________________________________________2.A:Whydon’tIfeelenergetic?B:Youdon’tsleepenough.If_____________________________________shestudiedenough,she’dgetgoodgrades.yousleptenough,you’dfeelenergetic.3.A:IwonderwhyAlanmakessomanymistakes.B:Idon’tknow.Hemustbecareless.A:You’reprobablyright.If___________________________________________________________4.A:DoesMr.Robinsonenjoybeingateacher?B:Notreally.___________________________(anactor)heweren’tcareless,hewouldn’tmakesomanymistakes.He