阅读-主旨归纳

Welcometoourclass!Teachingaims:Afterthisclass,thestudentswillbeabletoacquiresomeknowledgeabouthowto

getthemainideaoftheparagraphandthepassage;improvetheskillsofreadingcomprehension.TheCollegeEntranceExamination

江苏高考英语总分120分听力20分单项选择15分完形填空20分阅读理解30分任务型阅读10分书面表达25分(thelargestproportion)42014年《考试说明》考试内容及要求

（二）语言能力2．阅读要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志及各类媒体中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。考生应能：（1）理解语篇主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文提供的线索推测生词的词义；（4）根据文中事实和线索作出简单的判断和推理；（5）理解文章的宏观结构和文脉逻辑关系；（6）理解作者的观点、意图和态度；（7）提炼文章提纲、概况主要内容、理解关键信息。1、细节理解题(questionsofdetails)2、词义猜测题(wordsincontext)3、推理判断题(questionsofinference)4、主旨归纳题(mainidea)Readingcomprehension Whateveryoudo,ifyouwanttobecomegreatatit,youneedtoworkdayinanddayout,almosttothepointofaddiction,andoveralongperiodoftime.Ifyou’renotwillingtoputinthetimeandwork,don’texpecttoreceiveanyrewards.Consistent,hardworkwon’tguaranteeyouthelevelofsuccessyoumaywant,butitwillguaranteethatyouwillbecomereallygoodatwhateveritisyouputallthatworkinto.英语周末检测阅读理解B62.Whatisthemainthemeofthepassage?A.Havingagoalisvitaltosuccess. B.Beinggoodisdifferentfrombeinggreat.C.Onecannotsucceedwithouttimeandpractice.D.Luck,talentandfamilyhelptoachievesuccess.

Howtogetthemainidea?

主旨归纳题Questionforms:主旨大意题主要考查同学们在理解全文的基础上运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法对文章进行高度概括或总结的能力。多就文章的主要内容、主题或标题进行设问。常见的题干形式如下：●大意类：Thegeneral/mainideaofthepassageis...

Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

●标题类：What'sthebesttitle/headlineforthepassage?Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe...●作者意图类：What'sthewriter'spurposein

writingthepassage？Thepassageismeantto….Inwritingthispassage,theauthormainlyintendsto…Characteristicsofthiskindofquestions:1.该主题是作者的观点（不是他人的观点，不是描写、说明，也不一定是事实）。2.一个段落或一篇文章一般主题只能有一个，其他的内容都起说明、论证作用。段落中其它的句子或文章的其它段落是用来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表述的主题思想。3.主旨句一般是下定义，做一个判断，或陈述一个观点。干扰项的陷阱(Traps)1.以偏概全，干扰项故意片面地理解文章，把文章中出现过的某一个观点当成整篇文章的主题。2.放大或缩小文章的主题，把文章的主题进行放大或者缩小。3.偷换概念，文章讲的主题被换成相关但不同的主题。

Howtogetthemainideaofaparagraph?TypesOf

Paragraph

StructurestypeThepositionofthetopicInformationwords开门见山：Atthebeginning2)文末点睛：

Attheend3)文中点旨：

Inthemiddle4)无主题句：

Nocleartopicsentenceforexample……so,therefore,……1Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease,cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?（1.5minutes）

Smokingcancausecancer.SmokingisaterriblekillerSmokingisharmfultoourhealth.Anexperimentonsmoking.Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Practice：2

Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessi--onalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance.（1minutes）Themainideaofthispassageisthat________.

A.aninnocentpersonlooksmoreguiltythanaprofessionalcriminaldoesB.themanwhoknows"everything"mayreallyknowsnothingC.wearefoolishifwejudgeapersononlybyhisappearanceD.itisdifficulttotelltheguiltyfromtheinnocent.

3Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention:“ColorTV.Only＄79.Twodayssale.Hu--rry.”However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy.Youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout.Buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothermodel.Amuchbettersetwhichis“justrightforyou”Itcosts＄395.Thissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.Buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone.(2.5minutes)Theparagraphcouldbeentitled_________.A.BuyingaTVSetB.ASellingMethodC.BuyerBewareD.TVOnSaleThissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.(detail)(detail)(detail)

4

TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.（2minutes）

Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat______.

A.Tom,whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfour

years,movedtoanotheruniversity.

B.Tombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfrom

HarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege.

C.Tomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedat

Berlinuniversity.

D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.detaildetaildetailHowtogetthemainideaofapassage?detailsParagraphideasPassageidea

①Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.

②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.

③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.（4

minutes）

Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Magellan’sdeathB.GoingAroundTheWorldC.TheWorldIsRoundD.Magellan’sVoyage

①

Magellan’s[mə'gelən]menwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.

②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.TheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyage

③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Magellan’svoyageprovedtheearthisround.

①Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.

②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoedHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.

③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Paragraph1:Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.Paragraph2:TheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyageParagraph3:Magellan’svoyageprovedtheearthisround.Magellan’svoyageMagellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodan