Section 10.23 合资合作Joint-ventures教学课件

Section10.23合资合作

Joint-ventureandCo-operation

I.要点概述MainPoints1.Whatisajointventure?1.Whatisajointventure?

Ajointventure(JV)isanentityformedbetweentwoormorepartiestoundertakeeconomicactivitytogether.Thepartiesagreetocreateanewentitybybothcontributingequity,andtheythenshareintherevenues,expenses,andcontroloftheenterprise.Theventurecanbeforonespecificprojectonly,oracontinuingbusinessrelationshipsuchastheSonyEricssonjointventure.Thisisincontrasttoastrategicalliance,whichinvolvesnoequitystakebytheparticipants,andisamuchlessrigidarrangement.Asthephrasejointventuregenerallyreferstothepurposeoftheentityandnottoatypeofentity,ajointventuremaybeacorporation,alimitedliabilitycompany,partnershiporotherlegalstructure,dependingonanumberofconsiderationssuchastaxandtortliability.2.Whatisaco-operativeenterprise?

Cooperationorco-operationmeansthecombinationofpersonsforpurposesofproduction,purchase,ordistributionfortheirjointbenefit.Co-operativeenterpriseisaspecialtypeofbusinessenterprisewhichisbotheconomicandsocialincharacter.Suchenterprisesareautonomousassociationsofpersonsunitedvoluntarilytomeettheircommoneconomic,socialandculturalneedsthroughajointly-ownedanddemocraticallycontrolledenterprise.Co-operativesarebasedonthevaluesofself-help,self-responsibility,democracy,equality,equityandsolidarity.Theco-operativeformofenterprisehasbeenchosentomaximizethebenefitsofproduction,processingandmarketing,andtobenefitconsumersandworkers.However,themostsignificantcontributionofco-operativeenterprisesistheirabilitytoprovideemployment.3.Whatarethemainreasonsforformingajointventure?

Therearemanyreasonsforestablishingajointventure.Firstly,peoplesetupjointventuresforthepurposesofbuildingoncompany’sstrengths,spreadingcostsandrisks,improvingaccesstofinancialresources,achievingeconomiesofscaleandadvantagesofsize,havingaccesstonotonlynewtechnologiesandcustomersbutalsoinnovativemanagerialpractices.Secondly,theyhavetheircompetitivegoalsincludinginfluencingstructuralevolutionoftheindustry,pre-emptingcompetition,makingdefensiveresponsetoblurringindustryboundaries,realizingthecreationofstrongercompetitiveunits,raisingthespeedtomarket,andenjoyingimprovedagility.Finally,theyhavetheirstrategicgoals.Theydesiretoobtainsynergies,achievethetransferoftechnologyandskills,andrealizesatisfactoryresultofdiversification.II.商界名言BusinessSayings

1.Nothingstake,nothingdraw.不下赌注，就别想赢。2.Troublesnevercomesingly.福无双至，祸不单行。3.Preferlosstounjustgain.宁可吃亏，不贪便宜。4.Holdyourshouldertothewheel.鼎力相助。5.Amancannotwhistleanddrinkatthesametime.一心不能二用。6.Thedaintiesofthegreatarethetearsofthepoor.富人口中的美味，穷人眼中的泪水。III.核心词语CoreWordsandPhrases(omitted)要求课前背诵重要术语IV.经典句式TypicalSentences(omitted)要求首先思考如何翻译？有多少不同的路径？变换词性、主语、从句会产生什么不同的效果？TranslatethefollowingletterintoEnglish.

敬启者：相信贵方已收到我方5月20日的解释婴儿用品优点的去函。我方非常诚挚的渴望得到贵方坦率的答复，无论如何，我方望没有收到贵方回音的事实是意味着贵方是对我方感到完全满意的客户之一。或许有些要点在我方去函中没有解释清楚，如果是这样，我方将很乐意为贵公司提供进一步的资料。我们相信，我方产品最终将会吸引贵方注意并引起贵方的兴趣。谨上DearSirs,WetrustuptopresentyouhavereceivedourletterofMay20inwhichweexplainedtheadvantagesofourarticlesforbabies.Wearesincerelydesirousofgettingyourfrankreply.However,wehopethefactthatwehavenotheardfromyoumeansthatyouareoneofourcustomerswhohavefeltcompletelysatisfactory.Therearepossiblysomepointsthatwedidnotmakeclearinthatletter.Ifso,wearepleasedtosupplyanyfurtherinformationtoyou.Webelieveourproductswilleventuallyattractyourattentionandarouseyourinterest.Yoursfaithfully,V.段落写译ParagraphWritingandTranslating1.不言而喻，合资企业涉及复杂的法律手续以及有关投资比率、红利分配、经营管理等方面的种种准备工作。我们希望你们来信告知有关此事的具体细节，以便我们进一步研究。1.不言而喻，合资企业涉及复杂的法律手续以及有关投资比率、红利分配、经营管理等方面的种种准备工作。我们希望你们来信告知有关此事的具体细节，以便我们进一步研究。Itisunderstoodthatjointventureinvolvescomplicatedproceduresaswellasarrangementsrelatingtothepercentageofcontributions,distributionofdividendsandmanagement,etc.,ofwhichweshouldliketohearfulldetailsfromyousothatwemaygofurtherintothematter.2.合作企业可以在经批准的经营范围内，进口本企业需要的物资，出口本企业生产的产品。2.合作企业可以在经批准的经营范围内，进口本企业需要的物资，出口本企业生产的产品。

Acontractualjointventuremay,withinitsapprovedscopeofoperation,importmaterialsitneedsandexportproductsitproduces.3.合营公司的组织形式是有限责任公司。合营公司的每一方都要以各自认缴的出资额对合营公司的债务承担责任。合营各方按其资本中的比例分享合营公司的利润，分担风险和亏损。3.合营公司的组织形式是有限责任公司。合营公司的每一方都要以各自认缴的出资额对合营公司的债务承担责任。合营各方按其资本中的比例分享合营公司的利润，分担风险和亏损。Theorganizationformofthejointventurecompanyisalimitedliabilitycompany.Eachpartytothejointventurecompanyisliabletothejointventurecompanywithinthelimitofthecapitalsubscribedbyit.Theprofits,risksandlossesofthejointventurecompanyshallbesharedbythepartiesinproportiontotheircontributionsoftheregisteredcapital.4.关于合资企业的产品销售问题，我们可以接受部分产品内销，但以产品总额的30%为限。其余百分之七十由贵方包销，在中国境外销售，其价格应符合国际市场水平，其中包括给与贵方的合理的销售利润。4.关于合资企业的产品销售问题，我们可以接受部分产品内销，但以产品总额的30%为限。其余百分之七十由贵方包销，在中国境外销售，其价格应符合国际市场水平，其中包括给与贵方的合理的销售利润。Withrespecttomarketingtheproductsofthejointventure,wewouldagreetoallocatingaportionofthemforsaleinthehomemarket,buttheamountshallnotexceed30percentofthetotalproduction.Theremaining70percentshallbemarketedexclusivelybyyououtsideChinaatpricesinlinewiththepricelevelintheinternationalmarketandincludingareasonableprofitforyou.5.甲乙任何一方如向第三方转让其全部或部分出资额，须经另一方同意，并报审批机构批准。5.甲乙任何一方如向第三方转让其全部或部分出资额，须经另一方同意，并报审批机构批准。Incaseanypartytotheventureintendstoassignallorpartofhisinvestmentsubscribedtoathirdparty,consentshallbeobtainedfromtheotherpartytotheventure,andapprovalfromtheexaminationandapprovalauthoritiesisrequired.VI.讨论评估DiscussionandAssessment

无论是商务英语写作还是商务英语翻译，都要力求结构清晰、层次分明。下面以某公司网站关于主营业务的中英文介绍为例，通过原文原译的对比分析，看看翻译的质量是否可以采用写作的标准来衡量？而写作的目的是否可以通过翻译的方式来实现？如果原文存在层次不清的现象，又该如何处理？某公司网站主页译写分析：我公司积极开展国际合作，广泛吸收及转化国外技术及服务理念，形成了自身独特并具有较强市场竞争能力的核心技术能力、项目管理能力、装备制造集成能力和专业化的第三方服务能力，积极开展与国外著名专业公司的项目合作。原译：Wecarriedoutinternationalcooperationactively,widelyabsorbedandtranslatedexcellenttechnologiesandmanagementconceptsfromthewholeworld.Shebuiltupherspecialabilitiesoftechnologyinnovation,marketcompetition,projectmanagement,equipmentsmanufactureandspecializationfacilitiesmaintenance.Weclosecooperatewithfamousprofessionalcompanyofoverseasandcontractedalotofdomesticproject.原文的主语为“我公司”，隐含了一个因果关系，即通过“积极开展国际合作，广泛吸收及转化”才“形成了”自身的多种能力，从而能够“积极开展与国外”的合作，但原译没有体现这层关系，反而一会儿用We做主语，一会儿又用She做主语，导致整个译文句子结构混乱。从用词方面看，“开展国际合作”被译成carriedoutinternationalcooperation，中文的“开展”在此实际上是“参与”，而不是单方面可以carriedout的；“转化技术”被译成translated“翻译技术”；“理念”是一种思想观念，但不等于concept“概念”，而且，原文中“理念”是可以“接受”或“理解”但不是那么好“转化”的；严格地说，“市场竞争能力”也不是自发“形成”的，而是通过“广泛吸收”才得以enhence/strengthen“强化”的既然是“国外技术”自然就不包括中国的，便不应该译成thewholeworld“全世界”；“核心技术能力”和“第三方服务能力”在原译中均未得到体现；Weclosecooperate中的close有“关闭、结束、亲近、密切、靠近、临近”与它后面的动词cooperate无法搭配，如果推定为“密切合作”就应该使用closelycooperate“密切地合作”或closecooperation“密切的合作”，“国外著名专业公司”译成companyofoverseas何不干脆译成overseascompanies/companiesabroad/foreigncompanies/companiesoverseas?建议改写：By

activelyparticipatingininternationalbusinessrelationsweare

now

extensivelyabsorbingandtransferringforeigntechnology,introducingtheirserviceideology.

Wehavestrengthenedthemarketcompetitivenessofourownbusiness,namely,ourcapability

todevelopcoretechnology,provideprojectmanagement,integrateequipmentandmanufacturing,andofferspecializedthird-party-services.

Wehave

thusstartedactiveprojectcooperationwiththemost

famousprofessionalcorporationsabroad.VII.应用写作AppliedWritingA.Writetoacertainforeigncompanyexpressingyourinterestinestablishingajointventurea)introduceyourowncompany;b)advantagesofajointventure;c)favorablepolices;d)relevantlaws;e)salesproblems.B.Samplewriting

SelectedRulesfortheImplementationoftheLawonContractualJointVentures1.TheestablishmentofaSino-foreigncontractualjointventure(hereinafterreferredtoascontractualJV)withintheChineseterritoryshallconformtothenationaldevelopmentpolicyandindustrialpolicy,andabidebytheStateinstructivedirectoryonforeigninvestment.2.ContractualJVsshallindependentlycarryoutitsbusinessactivitiesandmanagementthescopestipulatedinthecontractualJVagreement,andcontractandarticlesofassociation,andarenotsubjecttointerferencefromanyorganizationorindividual.3.Businesslicensesofallpartiesoftheventure,theirregistrationcertificates,creditcertificatesandvalidcertificatesofthelegalrepresentatives;incasetheforeignpartyisanaturalperson,validcertificatesofidentification,curriculumvitaeandcreditconditions.4.ThecontractualJVcontractmentionedinthisdetailedrulesreferstothewrittendocumentagreeduponandconcludedbyallpartiesontheirrightsandobligationsforestablishingtheventure.5.ThecontractualJVarticlesofassociationmentionedinthisdetailedrulesreferstothewrittendocumentdraftedaccordingtothejointventurecontractandagreeduponbyallpartiesonmattersincludingtheorganizationalprinciples,operationandmanagementmethods.6.Composition,dutiesandpowers,andrulesofproceduresfortheboardofdirectorsorthejointmanagementcommittee,termofofficeforthedirectorsoftheboardorcommitteemembers,anddutiesofthechairman,deputy-chairmanoftheboardorthedirector,deputy-directorofthejointmanagementcommittee.7.ThetotalamountofinvestmentofacontractualJVreferstothetotalsumofcapitalrequiredbytheproductionandoperationscaleregulatedintheJVcontractandarticlesofassociation.8.TheregisteredcapitalofacontractualJVshallnotbedecreasedwithinthetermofcooperation.Incaseitisabsolutelynecessarytodecreasetheregisteredcapitalbecauseofchangesinthetotalamountofinvestmentandproductionandoperationscale,approvalshallbeobtainedfromexaminationandapprovalauthorities.9.IfacontractualJVchoosestoentrustathirdpartytooperateandmanagetheventureafteritsestablishment,unanimousagreementoftheboardofdirectorsorjointmanagementcommitteeisneeded,andanentrustmentoperationandmanagementcontractwiththeentrustedpartyneedstobesigned.10.Ifallpartiesagreetoextendthetermuponitsexpiration,anapplicationforextensionshallbefiledwiththeexaminationandapprovalauthorities180dayspriortotheexpirationdate,statinghowthecurrentcontractualJVcontractiscarriedoutandreasonsforextendingtheterm,togetherwithanagreementbyallpartiesonissuessuchasrightsandobligationsofeachpartyduringtheextensionperiod.Whatisthedefinitionofjointventure?Whydowehavetosetupsomejointventureenterprises?Howtowritealettertoexpressyourintendancetoestablishajointventure?Chinaisnowonherwaytoachievingmodernization.Besidesself-relianceandthetappingofallpotentialsasherprinciple,sheneedstoabsorbadvancedtechnologyandforeigninvestmenttohelpspeeduphersocialistconstruction.JointventureisoneifthemeasuressuitabletoChina'sneeds.2TheestablishmentofjointventureenterprisesenablesChinatostudyadvancedscientificmanagement,toimproveproductqualitysoastomakeChina'sexportcommoditiescompetitiveintheoverseasmarkets.3Jointventureenterprisesa)EquityJointVentureb)ContractualJointVenturec)JointExplorationofChina'sOffshoreOilAccordingtotheUnitedNationsIndustryDevelopmentOrganization,jointventuremeansanenterprisejointlyestablishedandrunbyinvestorsofdifferentnationalitiesforthepurposeofgainingprofit.Basically,therearetwotypesofjointventures,namelyEquityJointVentureandContractualJointVenture.InChina,however,inadditiontotheforeigntwotypes,JointExplorationisalsowithinthecategoryofjointventure.我们欢迎贵方以机器设备和技术作为合营企业投资的一部分。当然，这样的设备和技术应该是先进的，而且是适合我国需要的。我们将组织技术人员和工人很好地学习技能和技术，并能掌握它们，不断提高业务水平。我们欢迎贵方以机器设备和技术作为合营企业投资的一部分。当然，这样的设备和技术应该是先进的，而且是适合我国需要的。我们将组织技术人员和工人很好地学习技能和技术，并能掌握它们，不断提高业务水平。Wewelcomeyourintentiontousemachineryandtechnologyasapartofyourinvestmentinthejoinventure.Ofcourse,suchequipmentandtechnologyshallbetrulyadvancedand,furthermore,suitedtoChina'sneeds.Weshallmakearrangementsforourtechniciansandworkerstolearnwelltheskillsandtechniquessothattheymaymasterthemandraisetheirprofessionalproficiencyatalltimes.我们希望，建立合营企业可以为扩大出口创造有利条件。我们并不讳言，我们的出口产品，在品种、规格、包装、包潢等方面，还不能完全适应国际需要。我们希望在外国投资者的合作下，将能改善我们出口产品的状况，提高产品在国际市场上的竞争能力。我们希望，建立合营企业可以为扩大出口创造有利条件。我们并不讳言，我们的出口产品，在品种、规格、包装、包潢等方面，还不能完全适应国际需要。我们希望在外国投资者的合作下，将能改善我们出口产品的状况，提高产品在国际市场上的竞争能力。Wehopethattheestablishmentofjointventureswillcreatefavorableconditionsforexpansionofourexports.Thereisnodenyingthefactthatourexportcommoditiesarenotyetquitesuitedtoheneedsofinternationalmarketsinvariety,specification,packing,packaging,etc.Wehope,however,thatwiththecooperationofforeignparticipants,weshallbeabletoimprovethesituationofourexportcommoditiesandtoraisetheircompetitivenessintheworldmarket.TheproductsofthejointventurecompanyshallbesoldbothonChines