新编大学英语4教学课件：汉译英长句翻译(2) -汉译英长句翻译的方法

PartFourWritingandTranslation1.Translation2.WritingKnowingAboutTranslationTranslationPracticeWritingPracticeKnowingAboutTranslationPartFour:WritingandTranslation>>Translation1、顺译法

顺译法是指基本上按照汉语顺序进行翻译，但如果同时能选用恰当的英语句型，译文就能自然、流畅。汉译英长句翻译(2)

——汉译英长句翻译的方法PartFour:WritingandTranslation>>Translation中国的统一和富强，不仅是祖国大陆各族人民的根本利益所在，同样是台湾各族同胞的根本利益所在，而且有利于远东和世界和平。例1译文ThereunificationofChinaandherprosperitynotonlyrepresentthevitalinterestsofthepeopleofdifferentnationalitiesonthemainlandandthoseofthecompatriotsofvariousnationalitiesinTaiwan,butalsofavorthepeaceintheFarEastandtheworld.分析此句句子包含三个分句，翻译时基本按照原句顺序，选用了英语“notonly...butalso...

”这一结构，使译文较为紧凑。PartFour:WritingandTranslation>>Translation例2译文如果你远离垃圾食品，饮食有规律且高质量，确保每日膳食中都含有丰富的新鲜水果，新鲜蔬菜和谷类作物，那你就不太可能会有严重的压力，你会更加精神振奋！Ifyoustayawayfromjunkfood,eatregularmealsofhighquality,andmakecertainfreshfruit,freshvegetables,andgrainsarewellrepresentedinyourdailydiet,youarefarlesslikelytoexperienceseverestressandyouwillbemoremotivatedaswell!PartFour:WritingandTranslation>>Translation例3译文建设民主法治、公平正义、诚信友爱、充满活力、安定有序、人与自然和谐相处的社会主义和谐社会，要广泛团结一切可以团结的力量，充分调动一切积极因素，激发全社会的创造活力；要妥善处理各方面的利益关系，让全体人民共享改革和建设的成果；要正确处理改革发展稳定的关系，努力为经济社会持续发展创造有利条件和良好环境。Tobuildasocialistsocietythatisdemocraticandlaw-based,fairandjust,trustworthyandfriendly,fullofvigorandvitality,secureandorderly,andinwhichmanandnatureareinharmony,weneedtouniteallforcesthatcanbeunited,bringallpositivefactorsintofullplayandstimulatethecreativityoftheentiresociety.Weneedtoproperlybalancetheinterestsofallquartersandensurethateveryonesharesthefruitsofreformanddevelopment.Wealsoneedtobalancereform,developmentandstabilityandstrivetocreatefavorableconditionsandagoodclimateforsustainedeconomicandsocialdevelopment.PartFour:WritingandTranslation>>Translation2、断句法所谓断句翻译法，就是把一个汉语句子分译成两个或两个以上的英语句子。汉语长句常常是复句，内容较复杂，需要断作几个单句来译，才能使意思清晰，结构紧凑，符合英语的表达习惯。

PartFour:WritingandTranslation>>Translation例1译文分析2.1内容复杂的句子，按照句子意思进行断句中国学生很灵，一挥而就，(1)洋教师阅后，评出了最佳作文一篇，(2)学生们听后大为不解，(3)这种文章怎么能被评为“最佳”？(4)HisChinesestudents,quickatwriting,finishedthehomeworkatonegoandturneditininnotime.Hewentthroughthepapersandpickedtheonethathethoughtthebest.Whenhereaditouttothestudents,theyweregenerallyperplexed.Ofallthecomments,whydidhelikethisonebest?此句汉语仅为一句话，但包含着四层意思，第一层讲中国学生的特点，第二层讲洋教师的行动，第三层讲学生们对洋教师的反应，第四层进一步挑明学生们的疑问。翻译时按照这四层意思进行断句，译成四个句子，表达流畅。PartFour:WritingandTranslation>>Translation例2译文分析经济全球化发展迅猛，国与国之间的相互依存关系日益加深，多极化和全球化的发展带动国际关系的调整。Economicglobalizationisdevelopingrapidlyandtheinterdependencebetweencountriesisdeepening.Multi-polarizationandglobalizationbringaboutadjustmentininternationalrelations.按照原文的两层意思进行断句。PartFour:WritingandTranslation>>Translation例1译文分析此句是先总说后分述的句子，第一部分是概括，译文就在此处断开。2.2总分复句总分复句包括总说和分述两个部分，先总说后分述的句子，可在句子的开头部分断句；先分述后总说的句子，可在句子的结尾部分断句。这王冕天性聪明，(1)年纪不满20岁，就把那天文、地理、经史上的大学问，无一不贯通。(2)WangMianhadgenius.Whilestillinhisteens,hemasteredthewholefieldofastronomy,geography,theclassicsandhistory.PartFour:WritingandTranslation>>Translation例2译文分析此句是先分述后总说的句子，在句子的结尾处断句。另一种态度,学习的时候用脑筋想一下,学那些和我国情况相适合的东西,即吸取对我们有益的经验,我们需要的是这样一种态度。Theotherattitudeistouseourheadsandlearnthosethingswhichsuitourconditions,thatis,toabsorbwhateverexperienceisusefultous.Thatistheattitudeweshouldadopt.TranslationPracticePartFour:WritingandTranslation>>TranslationPromisingnewtechnologiescanpowerourhomes,factoriesandcarswithcleaner,moreefficientenergy－cuttingemissionswhilestrengtheningoureconomy.Directions:

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.Theymaybeusefulinyourwriting.1)前景广阔的新技术可以为我们的家庭、工业和汽车提供更干净、更有效率的能源——既能减少废气排放，又能促进经济发展。PartFour:WritingandTranslation>>TranslationIndeed,unlesswereachacrossbordersandfacethreatstotheenvironmenttogether,theearthmaybeconfrontedwithanecologicalcrisis,withhalfofallspeciesgone,andourgrandchildrenenduringdeadlyfloods,droughtsanddiseasebroughtonbyglobalwarming.2)如果我们不超越国界，共同面对环境威胁，地球将可能面临生态危机：有半数的物种将消失，我们的子孙也将承受全球变暖所带来的致命的洪水、干旱和疾病。Ourplanetisabiosphere,whichdemandsthatnationsworkinglobalpartnershiptosolvecomplexenvironmentalproblemssuchasthelong-rangetransportofairpollutantsandhazardouswastedisposal.3)我们的地球是个生物圈（biosphere），它要求各国携手，共同解决空气污染物长距离转移，有害废物处理等复杂的环境问题。PartFour:WritingandTranslation>>TranslationOnly100yearsagomanlivedinharmonywithnature.Todaythisharmoniousrelationshipisthreatenedbyman’slackofforesightandplanning,andbyhiscarelessnessandgreed,formanisslowlypoisoninghisenvironment.4)风险是生活中不可避免的一部分，或者来自于地震、火灾等罕见事件，或者来自于有害环境缓慢的、日积月累的侵害。它们可能造成财产的损失，甚至生命危险。Risksareanunavoidablepartoflife.Theystemfromrareeventssuchasearthquakesandfiresorfromslowlyaccumulatingeffectsofexposuretohazardousconditionsandprobablycauselossofproperty,evenlossoflife.5)100年前，人类仍与自然和谐相处。今天这种和谐的关系正在面临危险。由于缺乏远见、计划不周、粗心大意和贪得无厌，人类正在逐渐毒害着环境。WritingPracticePartFour:WritingandTranslation>>WritingDirections:

Writeacompositionentitled“AreEnvironmentalRisksWorthTaking?”

basingontheresultsofyourdiscussioninWeighingtheRisksinPartThree.Yourcompositionshouldbenolessthan120words.Remembertowriteneatly.SamplePartFour:WritingandTranslation>>WritingSample1

AreEnvironmentalRisksWorthTaking?Itseemsthatenvironmentalrisksareworthtaking.Chinaisagreatnationandshemustcompeteinthemodernworld.Inordertodothis,shehastotakerisksofallkinds.Pollutionisoneofthemajorconsequencesoftechnologicalandeconomicgrowth.Ifstrictercontrolsareplacedoncompaniesandiflawsaremadetohelplimitpollution,wecanreducetherisksontheenvironment.Unfortunately,installinganti-pollutiondevicesonchimneysandcleaninguptheriversandlakesareverycostly.TobecontinuedPartFour:WritingandTranslation>>WritingItistoolatetoturnback.Themarketeconomyhasbroughtmanygoodchangesthathaveimprovedpeople’slives.Progressofanykindhasalwaysinvolvedrisks.Wemustbepreparedtotakerisksinordertomoveahead.However,wemustnotmoveblindly.Wemustremainvigilantwithregardtotheenvironmentalconsequencesofoureconomicdevelopment.Wemustnotproceedsoquicklythatweputthehealthofthepopulationatrisk.PartFour:WritingandTranslation>>WritingSample2

AreEnvironmentalRisksWorthTaking?Idon’tthinkenvironmentalrisksareworthtaking.Manhasalreadydonemuchdamagetotheplanet.Wewillallsuffertheconsequencesofincreasedglobalwarming,massivepollutionofriversandoceans,andcontinueddestructionofforests.Wemuststartlookingformorewaystoimprovetheenvironmentratherthancontinuingtodamageit.Ofcourse,weallw