高三英语二轮复习 阅读理解历史地理类

历史地理类.专题导读专题六

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历史地理类文章一般涉及某个国家、地区、河流、山脉、海洋、城镇等的地理位置以及与之相关的社会生活、社会风情、政治经济、人文历史、自然资源、文化习俗、文化遗产等方面的情况，相当一部分文章还附有图表供理解或参考。.专题六

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文章选材来源于英语国家的主要名胜或历史事件，历史年代；命题以细节题为主，有一定主观推断题；涉及一定的地理常识或历史知识。阅读史地类阅读文章时，要重点弄清楚各个地名、人名之间的相互关系和各个国家、地区或城镇之间的地理方位。如果文章或试题有附图或附表，一定要把附图或附表看懂、看明白。附图或附表的存在就是帮助我们更好地读懂和理解文章，辅助我们做好有关试题。.真题再现专题六

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[2010·重庆改编]SittingonthepeacefulcoastofGalapagosIslands，Ecuador，watchingthesunmovequietlyintothesea，youshouldn’tforgetthatCharlesDarwin(1809—1882)arrivedherein1835.Hestayedontheislandsforfiveweeks，observingvariousanimals.Thisfinallyinspired(启发)hisfamouswork，On

the

Origin

of

Species.YoucancertainlyfollowDarwin’sfootstepsandenjoyatripfromfourtosevendaystotheislands..专题六

│真题再现Theislandsarecertainlyaparadise(天堂)forwildlife，astherearenonaturalkillersontheislandsandthenumberofboatsandvisitorsisundergovernmentcontrol.ThoughyoucannotwalkfreelyasDarwindidabout200yearsago，eachdayisasimpressiveasitcouldbe..专题六

│真题再现Themostwell­knownanimaloftheGalapagosisthegianttortoise(巨型陆龟)，whichcanbeseenmovingslowlyaroundthehighlandsofSantaCruz，thesecondlargestislandinthearchipelago(群岛)．SomeofthesecreaturesaresooldthattheymighthavebeenseenintheiryouthbyDarwinhimself..专题六

│真题再现Despitestrictcontroloveractivitiesandtiming，yourstayontheGalapagoswillberememberedasachainofincomparablepictures：divingwithsealionsthatswimandplaywithininchesofyou；feelingsmallsharkstouchyourfeetasyouswim；and，mostmagically，seeingawhaleandherbabysurfacewithagreatbreathofair..专题六

│真题再现TravelingbetweentheislandsandobservingthewildlifethatsoinspiredDarwin，youwillfeelasthoughyouaregettingaspecialviewofanuntouchedworld.Atnightyouwillsleeponboardtheship，leavingthewildlifeincompleteoccupationoftheislands，whichareasundisturbednowastheyhavebeensincethebeginningoftime..专题六

│真题再现(

)1.WhatdoweknowaboutDarwin’svisittotheislands?A.Hestudieddifferentcreaturesontheislands.B.Hecompletedhisfamousbookontheislands.C.Hewastouchedbythegeographyoftheislands.D.Hewasattractedbywell­knownanimalsoftheislands..专题六

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)2.Whichofthefollowingplaysaroleinmakingtheislands“aparadiseforwildlife”？

A.Animalsontheislandsfeedongrass.B.Localgovernmentforbidskillingwildlife.C.Peoplecannotvisittheislandsastheywish.D.Touristsarenotallowedtotouchtheanimals..专题六

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)3.Yourstayontheislandswillbemostimpressivemainlybecauseof________.A.thebeautifulseaviewsB.Darwin’sinspiringtripC.acloserviewofanimalsD.variousdaringactivities.专题六

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)4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AUniqueAttractionforWildlifeLoversB.GalapagosasaParadiseforAdventurersC.CharlesDarwinasaSymbolofGalapagosD.ASuccessfulExampleofWildlifeProtection.专题六

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)5.Theintendedreadersofthepassagearethosewho________.A．wanttostudytheoriginofspeciesB．arefondoftravelingaroundtheworldC．areinterestedinstudyingwildlifeD．wanttobeinspiredbynaturalbeauty.专题六

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【文章大意】本文介绍了一个冒险家的乐园GalapagosIslands，达尔文曾在这儿受到启发写出了《物种起源》一书，同时，由于这儿保护得很好，直到现在依然是旅游的好去处。

1.A细节理解题。由第一段“Hestayedontheislandsforfiveweeks,observingvariousanimals.”知道达尔文在岛上观察各种动物。

2.C细节理解题。由第四段“Despitestrictcontroloveractivitiesandtiming…”可知答案。.专题六

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3.C推理判断题。从文章最后三段的描写中知道，在岛上能够给人印象深刻的就是和动物近距离的接触，例如：海里小鲨鱼的顽皮，海边海龟的悠闲等。

4.A主旨大意题。纵观整篇文章，作者描写了岛屿的美丽风景，丰富的生物，较好的自然保护，故选A。

5．B推理判断题。综合全文再结合第一段“YoucancertainlyfollowDarwin’sfootstepsandenjoyatripfromfourtosevendaystotheislands.”可知，全文旨在介绍一个旅游的好去处，由此可推断文章主要为那些爱好旅游者所写，故选B。.专题预测专题六

│专题预测WinterweathermayhavecomelatetopartsoftheUnitedStatesthisyear,buttheMidwestandNortheastarefinallyfirminwinter’sicygrasp.Travel,InterruptedThefreezingcoldhascreateddangerousdrivingconditionsacrossthecountry.Icyroadshaveledtoatleast13deathsinsevenstates.Minnesotapolicereported290accidentsduringrushhouronTuesday..专题六

│专题预测Airtravelhasbeendisruptedaswell.Morethan140flightswerecanceledatO’HareInternationalAirportinChicago,Illinois.Sometravelershadtocampoutinterminals(终点站)overnight.TedBushelman,aspokesmanfortheCincinnati/NorthernKentuckyInternationalAirport,saidthatafewhundredpassengersspentthenightthere.“Allthehotelroomsintheareaweretaken,notjustbecauseofcanceledflightsbutbecausehighwaytravelwasalmostimpossible，”hesaid..专题六

│专题预测TheBigChill(寒流)SomeareasinupstateNewYorkhavereceivedmorethanfivefeetofsnowoveratwo­dayperiod.Weatherforecasterssaidtheregioncouldgetmorethaneightfeetofsnowbeforetheweekend.OnTuesday,WestVirginiaexperiencedthecoldesttemperaturesrecordedinthestateinFebruarysince1996,theweatherservicesaid..专题六

│专题预测SunnyOutlookThereissomesignofrelieftocome.OnWednesday,temperaturesinChicagoroseslightlyto0degreesFahrenheit,withawindchillofminus14degreesFahrenheit.That’sanimprovementfromMondaywhenthewindchillmadeitfeelasifitwereminus30degreesFahrenheit.NationalWeatherServicemeteorologist(气象学家)TimSeeleysaidthattheareashouldexpecttemperaturesinthelow20sbytheweekend..专题六

│专题预测Forsometheheavysnowfallwascauseforcelebration.Skiresortsthathadbeensufferingfromthemildwinterwelcomedmorewhiteontheslopes.“Itwastheperfectstorm，”saidJoeStevens,spokesmanfortheWestVirginiaSkiAreasAssociation.“OverfourfeetofsnowhasfallensincethemiddleofJanuary,whichhasreallyturnedthesituationaroundfortheresortsthatwereexperiencing…abovenormaltemperaturesearlierintheseason.”.专题六

│专题预测(

)1.Themainideadiscussedinthepassageis________.A．trafficaccidentsinAmericaB．coldweatherinAmericaC．difficultroadconditionsD．heavysnowinAmerica.专题六

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)2.Deathsandaccidentswerecausedby________.A．roadscoveredwithiceandsnowB．strongcoldwindsblowingatahighspeedC．heavysnow D．toocoldweather.专题六

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)3.Whywerethehotelsfullinthisarea?A．Becausethereweresomanypeoplehavingtheirhomedestroyed.B．Itwastoocoldforpeopletogoout.C．Becauseairandhighwaytravelwerecutoff.D．Therewerenotenoughhotelsinthisarea..专题六

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)4.WhichofthefollowingaboutWestVirginiaisTRUE?A．Itwashitbytheheaviestsnowinhisstory.B．Itsroadswerecutoffbythesnowstorm.C．Itwouldfacefineweatherverysoon.D．Itexperiencedverylowtemperature.(

)5.Whichofthefollowingwelcomedthecoldweatherandheavysnow?A．Farmers.

B．Skiresorts.C．Drivers.D．Officials..专题六

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【文章大意】本文主要介绍了美国的一次寒流的情况，包括交通事故、乘客滞留、对滑雪胜地有利等。

1．B主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了美国的一次寒流的情况，包括交通事故、乘客滞留、对滑雪胜地有利等，都围绕着寒流展开。

2．A归纳判断题。死亡和交通事故都是由于冰雪路滑引起的。由第二段第二句得出答案。.专题六

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3．C分析概括题。航空和公路交通由于恶劣天气中断，乘客滞留，致使旅馆爆满。由第三段最后一句可知。

4．D细节理解题。WestVirginia经历了一次温度非常低的寒流。由第五段得出答案。

5．B段落归纳题。几家欢乐几家愁，滑雪胜地非常喜欢这场大雪，因为他们正为暖冬少雪而发愁呢。.专题六

│专题预测(二)TheengineerCamilloOlivettiwas40yearsoldwhenhestartedthecompanyin1908.AthisfactoryinIvrea，hedesignedandproducedthefirstItaliantypewriter.Todaythecompany’sheadofficeisstillinIvrea,nearTurin,butthecompanyismuchlargerthanitwasinthosedaysandthereareofficesallaroundtheworld.By1930therewasastaffof700andthecompanyturnedout13,000machinesayear.SomewenttocustomersinItaly，butOlivettiexportedmoretypewriterstoothercountries..专题六

│专题预测Camillo’sson,Adriano,startedworkingforthecompanyin1924andlaterhebecametheboss.Heintroducedastandardspeedfortheproductionlineandheemployedtechnologyanddesignspecialists.Thecompanydevelopednewandbettertypewritersandthencalculators(计算器)．In1959itproducedtheELEAcomputersystem.Thiswasthefirstmainframe(主机)computerdesignedandmadeinItaly..专题六

│专题预测AfterAdrianodiedin1960,thecompanyhadaperiodoffinancialproblems.Othercompanies,especiallytheJapanese,madefasterprogressinelectronictechnologythantheItaliancompany.In1978,CarlodeBenedettibecamethenewboss.Olivettiincreaseditsmarketingandservicenetworksandmadeagreementswithothercompaniestodesignandproducemoreadvancedofficeequipment..专题六

│专题预测Soonitbecameoneoftheworld’sleadingcompaniesininformationtechnologyandcommunications.TherearenowfiveindependentcompaniesintheOlivettigroup—oneforpersonalcomputers，oneforotherofficeequipment,oneforsystemsandservices,andtwofortelecommunications..专题六

│专题预测(

)1.Fromthetextwelearnthat________.A.by1930Olivettiproduced13,000typewritersayearB.Olivettiearnedmoreinthe1960sthaninthe1950sC.someofOlivetti’s700staffregularlyvisitedcustomersinItalyD.Olivettisetupofficesinothercountriesfromtheverybeginning.专题六

│专题预测(

)2.WhatwasprobablythedirectresultofOlivetti’sfallingbehindinelectronictechnology?A.Adriano’sdeath.B.Aperiodoffinancialproblems.C.Itsfasterprogress.D.Itsagreementswithothercompanies..专题六

│专题预测(

)3.WhatdoweknowaboutOlivetti?A.Itproducedthebesttypewriterintheworld.B.Itdesignedtheworld’sfirstmainframecomputer.C.Itexportedmoretypewritersthanothercompanies.D.IthasfiveindependentcompanieswithitsheadofficeinIvrea..专题六

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)4.Thebesttitleforthetextwouldbe________.A.TheOriginofOlivettiB.TheSuccessofOlivettiC.TheHistoryofOlivettiD.TheProductionofOlivetti.专题六

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)5.WhatdoweknowaboutCarlodeBenedetti?A．HeisthegrandsonofCamilloOliver.B．HebecamethenewbosssinceAdrianowasnotcapableofmanagement.C．HetooksomeeffectivemeasuresandthenchangedthesituationofOlivetti.D．Heintroducedastandardspeedfortheproductionlineandheemployedtechnologyanddesignspecialists..专题六

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【文章大意】本文介绍了OliverGroup的创立过程、发展的阶段、革新的举措和如今的现状。让我们了解这家公司的历史。

1.A从第二段第一句可知。选项B文章没提到。选项C它的一些员工没有定期接触消费者。SomewenttocustomersinItaly中some是指machines。选项D不是一开始而是现在，注意thereareofficesallaroundtheworld.的时态。.专题六

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2.B由第四段知经济上的问题导致了落后。

3.D选项A和B说是世界上最好的或第一个，都不对；选项C没提到，根据最后一段选D。

4.C本文按时间顺序讲述了它的发展过程。

5．C细节理解题。由最后一段可知。..9、静夜四无邻，荒居旧业贫。。2023/1/112023/1/11Wednesday,January11,202310、雨中黄叶树，灯下白头人。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/20239:48:17AM11、以我独沈久，愧君相见频。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/11Jan-2311-Jan-2312、故人江海别，几度隔山川。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/11Wednesday,January11,202313、乍见翻疑梦，相悲各问年。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/202314、他乡生白发，旧国见青山。。11一月20232023/1/112023/1/112023/1/1115、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。。。一月232023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/202316、行动出成果，工作出财富。。2023/1/112023/1/1111January202317、做前，能够环视四周；做时，你只能或者最好沿着以脚为起点的射线向前。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/112023/1/119、没有失败，只有暂时停止成功！。2023/