直接引语和间接引语(公开课)课件

新员工入职培训心得体会交流人的一生就像城市的公交车,有许许许多多的驿站,每到一个驿站就意味着一个新的征程。怀着自己美好的希望和从零开始的心态,我加入了××××××有限公司这样一个充满生机活力的团队,开始了我的一个新的征程,也是在这样的一个全新的开始。为了让我们更快地了解公司、适应工作,公司于××月××日开始对我们进行为期两天的入职培训。这次培训的内容十分丰富,主要有公司发展历史沿革、公司组织机构与企业文化介绍、新酬福利、bi培训、物业服务管理及法律基础知识、客户服务和有效沟通等,虽然整个培训的时间并不长,各专业教师讲授相关专业知识和自身经验等诸多方面的系统学习。经过两天的培训,使我在最短的时间里了解到本公司的基本运作流程,以及公司的发展历程与企业文化、企业现状和一些专业知识等。通过这次培训,使我受益非浅、深有体会。培训开始之前所有人员分成五个组,班主任诗明叫我们每组选一个组长,并想好队名,口号。在接下来的培训会有提问,回答正确的会给予小组加分。我所在的小组是第一组,大家都比较谦虚,不愿做组长,后来有个自荐做组长的,哈哈,还比较主动。但是在讨论队名和口号的时候大家都沉默了,后来我临语法复习直接引语和间接引语(Directspeechandindirectspeech)新员工入职培训心得体会交流语法复习1DirectSpeechandReportedSpeech引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫____________;直接引语用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫_________。间接引语直接引语通常都用____________括起来，引号“

”

DirectSpeechandReportedS2一、变人称：a.从句是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰时。She

said.

“My

brother

wants

to

goshopping

with

me.

”She

said

brotherwanted

to

goshopping

with

.

2.Hesays,“Iamtired.”

Hesays

istired.

Conclusion（结论）：一随主。herherhe一、变人称：Conclusion（结论）：一随主。herhe3b.从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰时。

1.LucyaskedTom,“Canyouhelpme?”LucyaskedTomif

couldhelp

.

2.

He

said

to

Kate.

“How

is

your

sister

now?”He

asked

Kate

how

sister

was

then。

heherConclusion（结论）：二随宾。herb.从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰时。heh4C.如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰

1.Mr

Smith

said,“Jack

is

a

good

boy.”Mr

Smith

said

was

a

good

boy.

2.Wesaidtoher,“Theyarewalkingthroughthestreetnow.”Wetoldherthat

werewalkingthroughthestreetthen.Conclusion（结论）：也称“第三人称不更新”。Jack口诀：一随主,二随宾，第三人称不更新。theyC.如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰Jac5二、如何变时态：

直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。1.主句为过去式时

1)Shesaid:”Iamastudent.”→

Shesaid(that)she

astudent.2)

She

said,"He

will

go

to

see

his

friend.”→She

said

he

go

to

see

his

friend。

Tomsaid,”Iamgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.”→Tomsaidhe

goingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.Conclusion（结论）：主句为过去时态时，从句则一般都改成过去时态，也称：主过从过waswouldwas二、如何变时态：waswouldwas6直接引语变间接引语,

主句为过去时时，从句时态要发生如下变化:一般现在时现在完成时现在进行时一般将来时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时直接引语变间接引语,主句为过去时一般现在时一般过去时7注意：以下几种情况时态

不变①直接引语是客观真理，经常用一般现在时。

The

teacher

said

"The

earth

moves

around

the

sun

.”→The

teacher

said

tome

the

earth

around

the

sun

earth.③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：

Jack

said.

"I

was

born

on

April

2l,

1980."

→Jacksaid

he

born

on

April

21,

1980.②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。

Jack

said.

“IwasreadingwhenTomcametoseeme”.→Jack

saidhe

whenTomcametoseehim.moveswasreadingwas注意：以下几种情况时态不变③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某8④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。

He

said,

“I

get

up

at

six

every

morning。”

→He

said

he

gets

up

at

six

every

morning.⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变（could,

should,

would,

might）,和已经是过去时的形式时，不再变(ought

to，

had

better,

used

to)。Thedoctorsaid,“Youshouldstayinbedfor2days.”→ThedoctorsaidIshouldstayinbedfor2days.”Peter

said.

"You

had

better

come

here

today."

→Peter

said

I

had

better

go

there

that

day.④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，9三、如何变状语：直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，1.时间状语，由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then,

yesterday为

the

day

before,

today变为thatday等）

Hesaid,“Iwanttogoswimmingnow.”→Hesaidhewantedtogoswimming

.thennow----thentoday----thatdayyesterday---thedaybefore

lastweek----theweekbefore

threedaysago----threedaysbeforetomorrow----thenextday

nextweek----thenextweek三、如何变状语：直接引语变间接引语，thennow---102.地点状语,here

变

there

Theteachersaid,“Youshouldcomehereat7:00.”

→TheteachersaidIshouldgo

at7:00.3.指示代词修饰的状语，this

改为that,

these改为thoseHe

said,

"This

books

is

mine.“

→He

said

book

was

his.4.动词的转变，come—go,bring—take

therethat2.地点状语,here变theretherethat11四、如何变句型(引导词的运用)：①直接引语如果是陈述句式…said/toldthat…She

said,

"Our

bus

will

arrive

in

five

minutes.“→She

said

their

bus

would

arrive

in

five

minutes.②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由

或

引导的宾语从句.He

said,

"Can

you

swim,

John?“

→He

asked

John

he

could

swim.

"Do

you

go

to

school

by

bus

or

by

bike?"

→He

asked

me

I

went

to

school

by

bus

or

by

bike.thatwhetherifthatwhetherif四、如何变句型(引导词的运用)：thatwhetherift12③直接引语如果是特殊问句，必须用陈述句语序）。

She

asked

me,

"When

do

they

have

their

dinner?”→

She

asked

me

.She

asked

me,

"What

wasJackdoingwhenIcomein?”→She

asked

me.④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为不定式的形式如“tell(ask等)

sb

(not)

to

do

sth.“句型

。如:1."Don't

make

any

noise,"

she

said

to

the

students.

→She

told

the

students

not

to

make

any

noise.

2.“Openthedoor,

please,"

said

she.→She

asked

him

to

openthedoor.when

they

had

their

dinnerwhat

Jackwasdoingwhenshecamein③直接引语如果是特殊问句，必须用陈述句语序）。when

th13直接引语转换间接引语时句式结构变化1.直接引语是陈述句（用that引导，口语中可省略）2.直接引语是一般疑问句(用if/whether引导，陈述句语序)3.直接引语是特殊疑问句(特殊疑问词引导，陈述句语序)直接引语转换间接引语时句式结构变化1.直接引语是陈述句（用t14Hesaid,“IliveinXiamen.”→Hesaid2.Shesaid,“Areyouinterestedinchemistry?”→Sheasked3.Heaskedme,“Whatarethese?”→Heaskedme4.Bettyaskedme“Whereareyoufrom?”→Bettyaskedme【thathelivedinXiamen】.宾语从句【if／whetherIwasinterestedinchemistry】.宾语从句【whatthosewere】.宾语从句【whereIwasfrom】.宾语从句间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句Hesaid,“IliveinXiamen.”【t15找出下列各句子中的错误的地方，并加以改正。1.Hetoldmethathehavelefthisbookinhisroom.2.SheaskedTomifdidhecanhelpher.3.Sheaskedmewhendidtheyhavetheirdinner.4.Theteachertoldthestudentsdonottowastetheirtime.5.Theteachersaidthattheearthwentroundthesun.hadifhecouldtheyhad去掉dogoes找出下列各句子中的错误的地方，并加以改正。hadifhe161.“I

likereadingadventurestories,”saidJohn.

Johnsaidthathelikedreadingadventurestories.2.“I

don’tlikecomputers,”Sarahsaidtoherfriend.Sarahtoldherfriendsthatshedidn’tlikecomputers.ExerciseI1.“Ilikereadingadventures173.“Ann,haveyouseenmybluenotebook?”Peterasked.

PeteraskedAnnifshehadseenhisbluenotebook.4.“Howcanyoudothat?”MarysaidtoAnn.

MaryaskedAnnhowshecoulddothat.5.“Whatdifferencedoesitmake?”PeteraskedJim.

PeteraskedJimwhatdifferenceitmade.3.“Ann,haveyouseenmyblue18解题步骤:1.陈述句“Idon’tlikecomputers,”

Sandysaidtoherfriends.Sandysaidtoherfriendsthat

Idon’tlike

computers.saiddidn’tsheSandysaidtoherfriends

that

she

didn’tlikecomputers.解题步骤:1.陈述句“Idon’tlikecomput192.一般疑问句:Isiteasytoworkouttheproblem?(Theyaskedhim)They

askedhimifItiseasytoworkouttheproblem.it

is

easytoworkouttheproblem.askediswasTheyaskedhim

if

itwaseasytoworkouttheproblem.2.一般疑问句:TheyaskedhimifItis203.特殊疑问句：WhendoyouarriveinAustralia?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimwhenyouarriveinAustraliayou

arrive

inAustralia.hearrivedTheyaskedhim

whenhearrived

Australia.3.特殊疑问句：Theyaskedhimwhenyou21直接引语变为间接引语有下列一些注意事项：

1.人称的变化。

2.时态的变化。

3.如何变状语。

4.引导词的运用。

5.动词的改变。

6.从句用陈述语序。小结归纳直接引语变为间接引语有下列一些注意事项：

1.人称的变化。22新员工入职培训心得体会交流人的一生就像城市的公交车,有许许许多多的驿站,每到一个驿站就意味着一个新的征程。怀着自己美好的希望和从零开始的心态,我加入了××××××有限公司这样一个充满生机活力的团队,开始了我的一个新的征程,也是在这样的一个全新的开始。为了让我们更快地了解公司、适应工作,公司于××月××日开始对我们进行为期两天的入职培训。这次培训的内容十分丰富,主要有公司发展历史沿革、公司组织机构与企业文化介绍、新酬福利、bi培训、物业服务管理及法律基础知识、客户服务和有效沟通等,虽然整个培训的时间并不长,各专业教师讲授相关专业知识和自身经验等诸多方面的系统学习。经过两天的培训,使我在最短的时间里了解到本公司的基本运作流程,以及公司的发展历程与企业文化、企业现状和一些专业知识等。通过这次培训,使我受益非浅、深有体会。培训开始之前所有人员分成五个组,班主任诗明叫我们每组选一个组长,并想好队名,口号。在接下来的培训会有提问,回答正确的会给予小组加分。我所在的小组是第一组,大家都比较谦虚,不愿做组长,后来有个自荐做组长的,哈哈,还比较主动。但是在讨论队名和口号的时候大家都沉默了,后来我临语法复习直接引语和间接引语(Directspeechandindirectspeech)新员工入职培训心得体会交流语法复习23DirectSpeechandReportedSpeech引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫____________;直接引语用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫_________。间接引语直接引语通常都用____________括起来，引号“

”

DirectSpeechandReportedS24一、变人称：a.从句是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰时。She

said.

“My

brother

wants

to

goshopping

with

me.

”She

said

brotherwanted

to

goshopping

with

.

2.Hesays,“Iamtired.”

Hesays

istired.

Conclusion（结论）：一随主。herherhe一、变人称：Conclusion（结论）：一随主。herhe25b.从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰时。

1.LucyaskedTom,“Canyouhelpme?”LucyaskedTomif

couldhelp

.

2.

He

said

to

Kate.

“How

is

your

sister

now?”He

asked

Kate

how

sister

was

then。

heherConclusion（结论）：二随宾。herb.从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰时。heh26C.如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰

1.Mr

Smith

said,“Jack

is

a

good

boy.”Mr

Smith

said

was

a

good

boy.

2.Wesaidtoher,“Theyarewalkingthroughthestreetnow.”Wetoldherthat

werewalkingthroughthestreetthen.Conclusion（结论）：也称“第三人称不更新”。Jack口诀：一随主,二随宾，第三人称不更新。theyC.如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰Jac27二、如何变时态：

直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。1.主句为过去式时

1)Shesaid:”Iamastudent.”→

Shesaid(that)she

astudent.2)

She

said,"He

will

go

to

see

his

friend.”→She

said

he

go

to

see

his

friend。

Tomsaid,”Iamgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.”→Tomsaidhe

goingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.Conclusion（结论）：主句为过去时态时，从句则一般都改成过去时态，也称：主过从过waswouldwas二、如何变时态：waswouldwas28直接引语变间接引语,

主句为过去时时，从句时态要发生如下变化:一般现在时现在完成时现在进行时一般将来时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时直接引语变间接引语,主句为过去时一般现在时一般过去时29注意：以下几种情况时态

不变①直接引语是客观真理，经常用一般现在时。

The

teacher

said

"The

earth

moves

around

the

sun

.”→The

teacher

said

tome

the

earth

around

the

sun

earth.③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：

Jack

said.

"I

was

born

on

April

2l,

1980."

→Jacksaid

he

born

on

April

21,

1980.②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。

Jack

said.

“IwasreadingwhenTomcametoseeme”.→Jack

saidhe

whenTomcametoseehim.moveswasreadingwas注意：以下几种情况时态不变③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某30④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。

He

said,

“I

get

up

at

six

every

morning。”

→He

said

he

gets

up

at

six

every

morning.⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变（could,

should,

would,

might）,和已经是过去时的形式时，不再变(ought

to，

had

better,

used

to)。Thedoctorsaid,“Youshouldstayinbedfor2days.”→ThedoctorsaidIshouldstayinbedfor2days.”Peter

said.

"You

had

better

come

here

today."

→Peter

said

I

had

better

go

there

that

day.④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，31三、如何变状语：直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，1.时间状语，由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then,

yesterday为

the

day

before,

today变为thatday等）

Hesaid,“Iwanttogoswimmingnow.”→Hesaidhewantedtogoswimming

.thennow----thentoday----thatdayyesterday---thedaybefore

lastweek----theweekbefore

threedaysago----threedaysbeforetomorrow----thenextday

nextweek----thenextweek三、如何变状语：直接引语变间接引语，thennow---322.地点状语,here

变

there

Theteachersaid,“Youshouldcomehereat7:00.”

→TheteachersaidIshouldgo

at7:00.3.指示代词修饰的状语，this

改为that,

these改为thoseHe

said,

"This

books

is

mine.“

→He

said

book

was

his.4.动词的转变，come—go,bring—take

therethat2.地点状语,here变theretherethat33四、如何变句型(引导词的运用)：①直接引语如果是陈述句式…said/toldthat…She

said,

"Our

bus

will

arrive

in

five

minutes.“→She

said

their

bus

would

arrive

in

five

minutes.②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由

或

引导的宾语从句.He

said,

"Can

you

swim,

John?“

→He

asked

John

he

could

swim.

"Do

you

go

to

school

by

bus

or

by

bike?"

→He

asked

me

I

went

to

school

by

bus

or

by

bike.thatwhetherifthatwhetherif四、如何变句型(引导词的运用)：thatwhetherift34③直接引语如果是特殊问句，必须用陈述句语序）。

She

asked

me,

"When

do

they

have

their

dinner?”→

She

asked

me

.She

asked

me,

"What

wasJackdoingwhenIcomein?”→She

asked

me.④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为不定式的形式如“tell(ask等)

sb

(not)

to

do

sth.“句型

。如:1."Don't

make

any

noise,"

she

said

to

the

students.

→She

told

the

students

not

to

make

any

noise.

2.“Openthedoor,

please,"

said

she.→She

asked

him

to

openthedoor.when

they

had

their

dinnerwhat

Jackwasdoingwhenshecamein③直接引语如果是特殊问句，必须用陈述句语序）。when

th35直接引语转换间接引语时句式结构变化1.直接引语是陈述句（用that引导，口语中可省略）2.直接引语是一般疑问句(用if/whether引导，陈述句语序)3.直接引语是特殊疑问句(特殊疑问词引导，陈述句语序)直接引语转换间接引语时句式结构变化1.直接引语是陈述句（用t36Hesaid,“IliveinXiamen.”→Hesaid2.Shesaid,“Areyouinterestedinchemistry?”→Sheasked3.Heaskedme,“Whatarethese?”→Heaskedme4.Bettyaskedme“Whereareyoufrom?”→Bettyaskedme【thathelivedinXiamen】.宾语从句【if／whetherIwasinterestedinchemistry】.宾语从句【whatthosewere】.宾语从句【whereIwasfrom】.宾语从句间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句Hesaid,“IliveinXiamen.”【t37找出下列各句子中的错误的地方，并加以改正。1.Hetoldmethathehavelefthisbookinhisroom.2.SheaskedTomifdidhecanhelpher.3.Sheaskedmewhendidtheyhavetheirdinner.4.Theteachertoldthestudentsdonottowastetheirtime.5.Theteachersaidthattheearthwentroundthesun.hadifhecould