Spectrum Sharing MAC-layer Protocols：MAC层协议的频谱共享

SpectrumSharing

MAC-layerProtocolsSang-YoonChangECE439Spring2021MotivationBandwidthbecomingscarcerandmorevaluableIncreaseddemandsonwirelessapplicationsUsersdemandhigherperformanceDynamicallyaccessingmultiplechannelscanincreasespectrumefficiencyOurgoalistosupportmultipletransmissionsandincreaseperformancebymitigatinginterferenceFCCSpectrumAllocationChartSpectrumUtilizationAsnapshotofspectrumutilizationupto6GHzinanurbanareaatmid-day[1]BackgroundCognitiveradioSecondaryusersoperatingonlicensedBandRequiredtodetectprimaryusers’signals(physical-layer)Avoidandyieldthechannelusetoprimaryusers(MAC-layer)Inaddition,coordinationwithothersecondaryusersOtherSpectrumSharingTechniquesUltraWideBand(UWB)CommunicationUnlicensedBand,e.g.,ISMbandProjectOverviewRandomaccessprotocolwithoutcoordination[2]Centralizedchannelallocationalgorithm[3]Distributedchannelallocationalgorithm[4],[5]Singleradioperuser[6],[7]Sensingoverhead/limitations[7],[8]Divergingfromtraditionalslottedchannelization[7],[10],[11],[12]Selfishusers[14]MMAC[6],HMAC[7]SWIFT[10]Hidden-TerminalProblemInsingle-channelenvironment,IEEE802.11DCF,busy-toneAssumedsingleradioperuserIEEE802.11DCFinmulti-channelenvironmentCdoesnotheartheCTS(2)fromB,andthuscollisionIfmultipleradiosperuser,DynamicChannelAssignment(DCA)byWu[9]NeedscomplexhardwareMMACProtocolMulti-ChannelMAC(MMAC)bySoandVaidya[6]SingleradioperuserBuildonIEEE802.11PSMprotocol(beaconinterval,ATIM)RequiresglobalsynchronizationInATIMwindow,AgreeonachannelaccordingtoPreferableChannelList(High,Medium,Low)ATIM-REStonotifythechannelreservationBeaconIntervalMMACPerformanceComparedtoDCA[9]

andIEEE802.11WLAN(above)andmulti-hop(below)environmentAlsoobservedpacketdelayCBRtrafficPacketsize=512BytesBeaconinterval=100msATIMwindowsize=20ms3channelsHC-MACProtocolHardware-ConstrainedCognitiveMAC(HC-MAC)

byJiaetal.[7]Singleradio,partialspectrumsensing,spectrumaggregationlimitConstructastoppingproblemtodecidewhetherornottosensefurtherchannelsRobusttomulti-channelhiddenterminalproblemHC-MAC:SensingDecisionsB=TransmissionRate,T=PacketDuration,t=SensingTime**HC-MAC:ControlPacketsContention(C-RTS/C-CTS)CompetingforcommoncontrolchannelaccessSensing(S-RTS/S-CTS)ExchangechannelavailabilityandagreeondatachannelTransmission(T-RTS/T-CTS)NotifyneighboringnodesthecompletionoftransmissionSWIFTProtocolSplitWidebandInterfererFriendlyTechnology(SWIFT),Rahul[10]UnlikeUWB,noneedtosacrificetransmissionpower,rateCognitiveaggregationofnon-contiguousfrequencybandAdaptivesensing(probethespectrumandobservereaction)SWIFT:AdaptiveSensing(sec)SWIFTBinSync.ProblemSWIFT:BinSynchronizationSWIFTusersindependentlydecidewhichbandsthattheycanuse.i)Ifdrasticdisagreementonusablebands,orbootupSendsusablebinsinallfrequencybinsTxerandRxeragreesatleastononeofthebinsii)Iflimiteddisagreement,Stripesdataacrossthepreviouslyagreedbins,buttransmitsonlyinthesubsetthatisstillusableTransformthepotentialdisagreementtobiterrorsErrorcorrectingcodesDiscussionandConclusionSecurityissuesarise,e.g.,Denial-of-Services(primaryuseremulation,jamming,etc.)Analyzedcorrectnessandperformanceofschemesassumingrationalusers(whocarefortheirperformances)Withsmartradiobecomingreality,burgeoninginterestinMACprotocolsthataredesignedformulti-channelenvironmentReferences[1]R.W.Brodersen,A.Wolisz,D.Cabric,andS.M.Mishra,“CORVUS:ACognitiveRadioApproachforUsageofVirtualUnlicensedSpectrum,〞2004.[2]S.Huang,X.Liu,andZ.Ding,“OpportunisticSpectrumAccessinCognitiveRadioNetworks,〞IEEEInfocom,2021.[3]T.ShuandM.Krunz,“CoordinatedChannelAccessinCognitiveRadioNetworks:AMulti-LevelSpectrumOpportunityPerspective,〞IEEEInfocom,2021.[4]J.Zhao,H.Zheng,andG.-H.Yang,“DistributedCoordinationinDynamicSpectrumAllocationNetworks,〞IEEEDySPAN,2005.[5]L.Cao,H.Zheng,andG.-H.Yang,“DistributedCoordinationinDynamicSpectrumAllocationNetworks,〞IEEECrownCom,2007.[6]J.SoandN.Vaidya,“Multi-ChannelMACforAdHocNetworks:HandlingMulti-ChannelHiddenTerminalsUsingaSingleTransceiver,〞ACMMobiHoc,2004.[7]J.Jia,Q.Zhang,andX.Shen,“HC-MAC:AHardware-ConstrainedCognitiveMACforEfficientSpectrumManagement,〞IEEEJournalonSelectedAreasinCommunications,vol.26,no.1,pp.106-117,2021.[8]S.Shetty,M.Song,C.Xin,andE.K.Park,“ALearning-BasedMultiuserOpportunisticSpectrumAccessApproachinUnslottedPrimaryNetworks,〞IEEEInfocom,2021.[9]S.-L.Wu,C.-Y.Lin,Y.-C.Tseng,andJ.-P.Sheu,“ANewMulti-ChannelMACProtocolwithOn-DemandChannelAssignmentforMulti-HopNetworks,〞ISPAN,2000.[10]H.Rahul,N.Kushman,D.Katabi,C.Sodini,andF.Edalat,“LearningtoShare:Narrowband-FriendlyWidebandNetworks〞,ACMSigcomm,2021[11]Y.Yuan,P.Bahl,andR.Chandra,“KNOWS:KogitivNetworkingOverWhiteSpaces,〞IEEEDySPAND,2007.[12]P.Bah